双纽扣钢板联合加强锚钉治疗肩锁关节脱位

目的: 探讨双纽扣钢板联合加强锚钉技术与锁骨钩钢板内固定治疗完全性肩锁关节脱位的疗效及预后。方法: 选取2017年7月至2020年9月收治的手术治疗肩锁关节脱位患者42例为研究对象,分为观察组（21例）和对照组（21例）。观察组中,男14例,女7例;年龄21~63（45.05±8.70）岁;对照组中,男16例,女5例;年龄25~68（45.00±9.44）岁。观察组行双纽扣钢板联合加强锚钉技术治疗,对照组行锁骨钩钢板内固定术治疗。比较两组患者手术时间、术中出血量、术后住院时间,术前及术后1、3、6个月肩关节疼痛视觉模拟评分（visual analogue scale,VAS）,肩关节功能Constant-Murley评分以及术后并发症发生情况。结果: 两组术中出血量及术后住院时间比较,差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）;双纽扣钢板联合加强锚钉技术组手术时间（65.24±5.36）min,较锁骨钩钢板组（48.81±4.72） min长（P<0.05）。肩关节功能及疼痛程度测定显示,术前两组差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）;术后1、3、6个月,观察组Constant-Murley评分分别为（73.29±2.15）、（85.43±1.47）、（93.86±1.24）分,与对照组比较差异有统计学意义;VAS评分为（2.76±0.62）、（1.71±0.64）、（0.57±0.51）分,与对照组比较,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。观察组术后1例肩部疼痛;对照组术后5例肩部疼痛,2例肩关节活动受限,1例肩峰下骨质吸收,两组均未出现复位丢失。结论: 双纽扣钢板联合加强锚钉治疗完全性肩锁关节脱位能够获得良好的临床效果,无须取出内固定,患者肩关节功能恢复情况及疼痛改善情况优于锁骨钩钢板内固定术,更值得临床推广。     

Endobutton钢板与改良Weaver-Dunn联合锁骨钩钢板治疗Rookwood Ⅲ型肩锁关节脱位的近期临床疗效观察

目的 比较Endobutton钢板与改良Weaver-Dunn联合锁骨钩钢板治疗Rookwood Ⅲ型肩锁关节脱位的近期临床疗效。方法 回顾性分析我院骨科2016年1月至2017年6月分别采用Endobutton钢板与改良Weaver-Dunn联合锁骨钩钢板治疗的54例Rookwood Ⅲ型肩锁关节脱位病人的资料,根据治疗方法不同分为Endobutton组（30例）和Weaver-Dunn组（24例）,对两组手术时间、术中出血量、住院时间、恢复工作时间进行对比;分别采用肩关节Constant-Murley评分、疼痛视觉模拟量表（visual analogue scale, VAS）评分比较两组术前、术后3个月、术后6个月、术后1年的肩关节功能恢复及疼痛改善情况。结果 两组术后均未出现内固定断裂、切口感染及血管损伤,术后总并发症比较差异无统计学意义（χ²=1.752,P=0.237）;Endobutton组的手术时间、术中出血量、住院时间、恢复工作时间均低于Weaver-Dunn组,差异均有统计学意义（P均＜0.05）;Endobutton组和Weaver-Dunn组术后3个月、术后6个月、术后1年Constant-Murley各项评分：疼痛、日常活动、患手最大位置、力量测试、肩外展、肩前屈、肩外旋、肩内旋及VAS评分与术前比较,差异均有统计学意义（P均＜0.05）;术后3个月、术后6个月及术后1年,Endobutton组Constant-Murley各项评分及VAS评分均优于Weaver-Dunn组,差异均有统计学意义（P均＜0.05）。结论 Endobutton钢板和改良Weaver-Dunn联合锁骨钩钢板均能恢复Rookwood Ⅲ型肩锁关节脱位病人的肩关节功能,但前者近期临床疗效更具有优势。     

Endobutton带袢钢板内固定与锁骨钩钢板内固定治疗RockwoodⅢ型肩锁关节脱位的中长期疗效观察

目的探讨Endobutton带袢钢板内固定与锁骨钩钢板内固定手术治疗Rockwood Ⅲ型肩锁关节脱位的中长期临床疗效。 方法回顾性分析自2015年1月至2017年12月在中山市中医院关节科诊治为Roockwood Ⅲ型肩锁关节脱位并行手术治疗的患者,入选病例74例,其中采用Endobutton带袢钢板内固定（Endobutton钢板组）25例、采用锁骨钩钢板内固定（锁骨钩钢板组）49例。随访观察比较两组患者视觉模拟评分法、肩关节功能评分、肩关节功能优良率以及并发症发生率的差异。 结果视觉模拟评分方面,两组差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）;肩关节功能评分（Constant-Murley评分）、肩关节功能优良率以及并发症发生率方面,Endobutton钢板组均明显优于锁骨钩钢板组,且差异具有统计学意义（P< 0.05）。 结论本研究随访的研究患者中,采用Endobutton带袢钢板内固定手术治疗Rockwood Ⅲ型脱位中长期治疗效果较好,术后并发症较少,是治疗肩锁关节Rockwood Ⅲ型脱位较好的方法,值得在临床推广应用。     

改良Weaver-Dunn法结合锁骨钩钢板内固定治疗TossyⅢ型肩锁关节脱位的病例对照研究

目的:对比锁骨钩钢板内固定术与改良Weaver-Dunn法联合锁骨钩钢板内固定术治疗TossyⅢ型肩锁关节脱位的临床疗效。方法:回顾性分析2012年1月至2014年1月手术治疗的41例新鲜TossyⅢ型肩锁关节脱位患者的临床资料,按其手术方式分为锁骨钩钢板内固定术(A组)和改良Weaver-Dunn法联合锁骨钩钢板内固定术(B组).A组21例,男15例,女6例,年龄17～51 岁,平均(31.60±12.58)岁,术前Constant-Murley评分40.25±9.80,采用锁骨钩钢板内固定术;B组20例,男13例,女7例,年龄18～48 岁,平均(29.40±11.27)岁,术前Constant-Murley评分41.45±8.81,采用改良Weaver-Dunn法联合锁骨钩钢板内固定术。比较两组患者的手术时间、术中出血量、手术前后影像学变化、术后并发症,分别于术后3、6、12个月时,采用Constant-Murley评分进行疗效评价。结果:A组手术时间(40.50±24.36) min,术中出血量(75.30±30.36) ml; B组手术时间(60.10±23.55) min,术中出血量(100.70±40.12) ml;A组21例获随访,时间12～18 个月,平均(14.8±3.1)个月; B组20例获随访,时间12～14 个月,平均(13.6±1.5)个月。两组手术时间、术中出血量比较差异有统计学意义。两组随访时间比较差异无统计学意义。术后A组6例出现并发症,B组3例,两组比较差异无统计学意义。术后6个月时,A组Constant-Murley评分为88.85±4.23,B组为92.15±3.82,两组比较差异有统计学意义(t=-2.56,P=0.022<0.05);其余各时间点比较差异无统计学意义。结论:锁骨钩钢板内固定术与改良Weaver-Dunn法联合锁骨钩钢板内固定术均是治疗TossyⅢ型肩锁关节脱位的有效手术方法。锁骨钩钢板内固定术较改良Weaver-Dunn法联合锁骨钩钢板内固定术创伤小,但改良Weaver-Dunn法联合锁骨钩钢板内固定术重建的喙锁韧带更牢固,且能早期取出锁骨钩钢板,可以更早地改善患者的肩关节功能。     

带袢钢板重建喙锁韧带与锁骨钩钢板内固定治疗Rockwood Ⅲ～Ⅴ型肩锁关节脱位的比较

目的 比较带袢钢板重建喙锁韧带与锁骨钩钢板内固定治疗Rockwood Ⅲ～Ⅴ型肩锁关节脱位对患者肩关节活动度、肩关节功能的影响。方法 纳入自2018-01—2021-01诊治的76例Rockwood Ⅲ～Ⅴ型肩锁关节脱位,其中40例采用带袢钢板重建喙锁韧带治疗（带袢钢板组）,36例采用锁骨钩钢板内固定治疗（锁骨钩钢板组）。比较两组术后6个月肩关节功能Constant-Murley评分、末次随访时肩关节活动度、并发症发生情况。结果 76例均获得随访,随访时间平均8.4(6～12)个月。带袢钢板组出现1例（2.5%）并发症（喙锁韧带骨化）,锁骨钩钢板组出现6例（16.7%）并发症（3例喙锁韧带骨化,2例肩峰撞击综合征,1例肩锁关节骨性关节炎）,带袢钢板组并发症发生率低于锁骨钩钢板组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。带袢钢板组术后6个月肩关节功能Constant-Murley评分高于锁骨钩钢板组,末次随访时肩关节外展上举活动度、前屈上举活动度均大于锁骨钩钢板组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 带袢钢板重建喙锁韧带治疗Rockwood Ⅲ～Ⅴ型肩锁关节脱位的疗效优于锁骨钩...     

急性肩锁关节脱位Rockwood Ⅲ~Ⅴ型手术治疗中锁骨钩钢板和袢钢板应用效果的比较分析

目的比较急性肩锁关节脱位Rockwood Ⅲ ~ Ⅴ型手术治疗中锁骨钩钢板和袢钢板应用效果。 方法选取2013年3月至2018年3月上海市同仁医院收治的急性肩锁关节脱位患者93例,依据手术过程中使用的钢板类型将患者分成两组,锁骨钩组（n=42）应用锁骨钩钢板,袢钢板组（n=51）应用袢钢板。观察比较两组的相关手术指标水平;比较术前、术后的视觉模拟评分（visual analogue scale/score,VAS）及肩关节功能Constant-Murley评分变化情况;比较两组手术后的不良并发症发生情况。 结果袢钢板组切口长度短于锁骨钩组（P<0.05）,袢钢板组手术时间长于锁骨钩组（P<0.05）,袢钢板组术中出血量低于锁骨钩组（P<0.05）,袢钢板组恢复工作时间短于锁骨钩组（P<0.05）;手术前两组VAS评分差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）,手术后两组的VAS评分较治疗前均显著升高,但袢钢板组VAS评分低于锁骨钩组（P<0.05）;手术前两组Constant-Murley评分差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）,手术后袢钢板组Constant-Murley评分显著高于锁骨钩组（P<0.05）,袢钢板组基本无肩关节功能丢失,钩钢板外展受限明显;锁骨钩组并发症发生率显著高于袢钢板组（P<0.05）。 结论对急性肩锁关节脱位Rockwood Ⅲ～Ⅴ型患者进行手术治疗的过程中,两种类型的钢板都能使患者的肩关节功能得到有效恢复。袢钢板组患者手术切口、术中出血量、术后疼痛评分及并发症发生率更低;锁骨钩组手术时间更短,应综合患者的实际情况来进行选择。     

锁骨钩钢板与双Endobutton钢板治疗肩锁关节脱位的对比研究

目的 比较双Endobutton钢板与AO锁骨钩钢板治疗Rockwood Ⅲ～Ⅴ型肩锁关节脱位的疗效.方法 2008年2月至2008年12月,收治38例Rockwood Ⅲ～Ⅴ型肩锁关节脱位患者.其中18例应用双Endobutton钢板治疗,男12例,女6例;年龄(38.5±6.2)岁;左侧10例,右侧8例;RockwoodⅢ型13例,Ⅳ型2例,Ⅴ型3例.20例应用AO锁骨钩钢板治疗,男14例,女6例;年龄(34.8±5.9)岁;左侧11例,右侧9例;Rockwood Ⅲ型13例,Ⅳ型3例,Ⅴ型4例.术前两组患者一般资料具有可比性.分别对两组患者术中及住院期间的各项指标、术后的影像学结果 、临床疗效结果 及并发症进行对比分析.结果 锁骨钩钢板组的手术时间相对较短、术中平均失血量较少,而切口长度相对较长.术后双Endobutton钢板组的肩部疼痛发生率低于锁骨钩钢板组,肩关节外展活动度优于锁骨钩钢板组.锁骨钩钢板组易出现肩关节疼痛及肩关节活动受限.在切口感染及内固定松动方面两组差异无统计学意义.术后根据Karlsson评定标准,双Endobutton钢板组优14例,良3例,差1例,优良率为95%;锁骨钩钢板组优9例,良6例,差5例,优良率为75%.结论 双Endobutton钢板在治疗Rockwood Ⅲ～Ⅴ型肩锁关节脱位的总体疗效与锁骨钩钢板相当,但是其术后肩关节疼痛及肩关节活动受限发生率低,有利于早期进行功能锻炼.     

锁骨钩钢板与Endobutton袢钢板治疗肩锁关节脱位

目的比较研究锁骨钩钢板与Endobutton袢钢板治疗肩锁关节脱位。方法 60例肩锁关节脱位的患者,38例采用锁骨钩钢板内固定,22例采用Endobutton袢钢板内固定。回顾性分析比较手术时间、术中出血量、术后并发症、术后肩关节功能评分。结果术后平均随访18个月,锁骨钩钢板在手术时间、术中出血量方面优于Endobutton袢钢板,但是术后并发症多于Endobutton袢钢板。肩关节功能评定,Endobutton袢钢板优良率97.3%,锁骨钩钢板组77.4%。结论 Endobutton袢钢板与锁骨钩钢板在治疗上总体相当,术后并发症少于锁骨钩钢板,术后肩关节功能显示有明显优势。     

双Endobutton钢板与锁骨钩钢板内固定治疗Rockwood Ⅲ～Ⅴ型肩锁关节脱位的疗效比较

目的比较双Endobutton钢板技术与锁骨钩钢板内固定治疗RockwoodⅢ~Ⅴ型肩锁关节脱位的中期疗效。方法回顾性分析自2009-06—2014-05分别采用双Endobutton钢板与锁骨钩钢板内固定治疗的40例RockwoodⅢ~Ⅴ型肩锁关节脱位。比较2组术后3个月、1年的患肩疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS)、Constant肩关节功能评分。结果 40例术后均随访满1年。Endobutton钢板组手术时间长于锁骨钩钢板组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。术后3个月Endobutton钢板组的Constant评分及VAS评分均优于锁骨钩钢板组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);但2组术后1年Constant评分及VAS评分比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。2组术后1年Constant评分及VAS评分均优于术后3个月,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。术后1年Endobutton钢板组1例出现复位丢失,1例出现肩部疼痛;锁骨钩钢板组未出现复位丢失,但5例肩部疼痛。结论双Endobutton钢板内固定治疗RockwoodⅢ~Ⅴ型肩锁关节脱位的中期效果与锁骨钩钢板内固定并无明显差异,但Endobutton钢板内固定对肩关节功能影响小、术后肩痛发生率低、内固定不必取出。     

双Endobutton钢板重建喙锁韧带联合Ⅰ期肩锁韧带修复治疗Ⅲ度以上肩锁关节脱位

目的:探讨双Endobutton钢板联合Ⅰ期肩锁韧带修复治疗Ⅲ度以上肩锁关节脱位的临床疗效。方法:自2010年1月至2013年9月, 手术治疗56例RockwoodⅢ度以上肩锁关节脱位的患者, 其中男20例, 女36例;年龄32～52岁, 平均38.5岁;左侧25例, 右侧31例;受伤至手术时间3～14 d,平均7 d.术前均诊断为肩锁关节脱位(RockwoodⅢ度以上),手术采用双Endobutton钢板进行喙锁韧带重建, 同时行带线金属骨锚钉修复肩锁韧带。观察患者术后并发症情况, 并采用Karlsson评定标准及Constant-Murley评分进行肩关节功能评定。结果:所有患者获得随访, 时间8～24个月, 平均11个月。术后6个月随访时根据Karlsson评定标准A级42例, B级13例, C级1例。Constant-Murley肩关节功能总分由术前的(42.80±5.43)分提高至术后6个月的(91.75±4.27)分。术后6个月各项评分均优于术前(P<0.05),其中优48例, 良7例, 差1例。所有患者随访期间均未出现肩关节粘连, 钢板螺钉松动、断裂。结论:双Endobutton钢板重建喙锁韧带联合Ⅰ期肩锁韧带修复治疗Ⅲ度以上肩锁关节脱位早期临床疗效满意, 有利于肩关节功能早期恢复。     

Minimally invasive periprosthetic plate osteosynthesis using the locking attachment plate

Objective

Stable fixation of periprosthetic or periimplant fractures with an angular stable plate and early weight bearing as tolerated.

Indications

Periprosthetic femur fractures around the hip, Vancouver type B1 or C. Periprosthetic femur and tibia fractures around the knee. Periprosthetic fractures of the humerus. Periimplant fractures after intramedullary nailing.

Contraindications

Loosening of prosthesis. Local infection. Osteitis.

Surgical technique

Preoperative planning is recommended. After minimally invasive fracture reduction and preliminary fixation, submuscular insertion of a large fragment femoral titanium plate or a distal femur plate. The plate is fixed with locking head screws and/or regular cortical screws where possible. If stability is insufficient, one or two locking attachment plates (LAP) are mounted to the femoral plate around the stem of the prosthesis. After fixing the LAP to one of the locking holes of the femoral plate, 3.5 mm screws are used to connect the LAP to the cortical bone and/or cement mantle of the prosthesis.

Postoperative management

Weight bearing as tolerated starting on postoperative day 1 is suggested under supervision of a physiotherapist.

Results

In 6 patients with periprosthetic fractures and 2 patients with periimplant fractures, no surgical complications (e.g., wound infection or bleeding) were observed. The mean time to bony union was 14 weeks. No implant loosening of the locking attachment plate was observed. At the follow-up examination, all patients had reached their prefracture mobility level.     

Role of the urethral plate characters in the success of tubularized incised plate urethroplasty

Background:

Today, tubularized incised plate (TIP) urethroplasty is the most commonly performed operation for distal and mid-penile hypospadias. Reports from different centers worldwide confirm its nearly universal applicability and low complications rate.

Aim:

Evaluation of the urethral plate characters and its effect on the outcome of TIP urethroplasty.

Materials and Methods:

Between 2010 and 2013, 100 children with primary distal penile hypospadias underwent TIP urethroplasty. Urethral plates were categorized as flat, cleft, and deeply grooved. Postoperatively, patients were followed-up for evaluation of meatal stenosis, fistula formation, and glandular dehiscence at 1^st, 3^rd and 6^th months. Patients were followed-up for urethral calibration by urethral sound 8 Fr at 3^rd and 6 months follow-up. Data were statistically analysed using Epi info program to correlate between the width, plate shape, and complications.

Results:

Mean age at surgery was 4.3 years. Patients were followed-up for an average period of 6.4 months. Pre-operative location of the meatus was reported as coronal in 46, subcoronal in 50 and anterior penile in 4 cases. Urethral plate characters were flat in 26 cases, cleft in 52, and deeply grooved in 22. Urethral plate width was >8 mm in 74 cases and <8 mm in 26. Patients with urethral plate <8 mm had a statistically significant higher fistula rate (P = 0.004) and failed 8 Fr calibrations in 26.9% (P = 0.01) compared with the patients with urethral plate >8 mm. In addition, we also founds higher fistula rate and failed 8 Fr calibrations in flat urethral plate.

Conclusions:

An adequate urethral plate width (>8 mm) is essential for successful TIP repair. Lower success rates with flat plates may need buccal mucosal augmentation to improve the results.KEY WORDS: Hypospadias, tubularized incised plate, urethra     

肩关节镜辅助下三种不同钢板固定治疗肩锁关节脱位的疗效比较

目的:探讨肩关节镜辅助TightRope钢板与Triple-Endobutton钢板和双Endobutton钢板治疗RockwoodⅢ-Ⅴ型肩锁关节脱位的临床效果。方法:自2014年1月至2018年1月采用手术方法治疗128例肩锁关节脱位患者。根据手术方案分成3组:双Endobutton组,Triple-Endobutton组和TightRope组。所有肩锁关节脱位手术由同一手术团队完成,主刀医生为同一主任医师。记录患者的一般资料如性别、年龄、手术时间、切口长度、术中失血量,统计手术前后患者视觉模拟评分(visual analogue scale,VAS)和Constant-Murley肩关节功能评分。结果:术后患者伤口愈合良好,无近期并发症发生。111例患者获随访,时间6～12(9.1±3.1)个月。3组患者一般资料比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。3组患者中,Triple-Endobutton组手术时间最长,明显高于另两组(P0.05);TightRope组手术时间最短,明显低于另两组(P0.05)。3组患者术后1个月VAS评分比较中,TightRope组明显低于另两组(P0.05)。3组患者术后12个月Constant-Murley评分比较中,TightRope组明显高于另两组(P0.05)。TightRope组患者术后切口感染发生率明显低于另两组(P0.05);复位丢失发生率的比较中,双Endobutton组明显高于另两组(P0.05),TightRope组要明显高于Triple-Endobutton组(P0.05);关节粘连发生率的比较中,TightRope组要明显低于另两组(P0.05)。结论:肩关节镜辅助下TightRope钢板固定方案相比双Endobutton钢板固定和Triple-Endobutton钢板固定方案更加具有优势。     

Tectal plate gliomas. Part I: Microsurgery of the tectal plate gliomas

Summary A series of 12 patients with tectal plate gliomas, is presented treated by direct surgery. Mean age was 19 years. All patients presented with signs of raised intracranial pressure and supratentorial hydrocephalus on CT scan. Diplopia was the most common local sign. CT scan and MR imaging showed 4 intrinsic, 6 exophytic, and 2 ventrally infiltrating tectal tumours. The histological diagnosis was low-grade astrocytoma in 7, high-grade astrocytoma in 2, oligodendroglioma in one, oligo-astrocytoma in one, and ependymoma in one case.The suboccipital supra- and transtentorial approach was used in every cases. Tumour resection was generous at the level of the superior colliculi, but on the contrary, resection was limited at the level of inferior colliculi due to the auditory risk. Tumour removal was total (macroscopically) in 9 cases and partial in 3 cases.There were 4 surgical complications and one death related to surgery. Parinaud's syndrome was the most-common postoperative sequelae. Auditory hallucinations and the acoustic neglect syndrome were seen once. In three cases additional radiotherapy and chemotherapy were given once with severe sequelae.The treatment of tectal plate gliomas is controversial. The role of different therapeutic options remains open. We consider the tectal plate as a relatively safer territory for surgery than the ventral part of the midbrain. The brain stem auditory evoked potentials (BAEPs) and middle latency potentials (MLPs) monitoring can help to determine the appropriate limit of surgery.     

Effect of the depth and width of the urethral plate on tubularized incised plate urethroplasty

PURPOSE: We determined the effect of the depth and width of the urethral groove on tubularized incised plate urethroplasty for distal hypospadias. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the records of 48 patients who underwent tubularized incised plate urethroplasty for distal hypospadias between September 1996 and December 1998 for whom preoperative evaluation of the depth and width of the urethral groove was available. Patients were examined by an independent clinician a median of 28 months after surgery when the neourethra was calibrated and urinary stream assessed. RESULTS: Of the 48 patients 46 were available for clinical examination. The urinary stream was straight in 40 boys and angled in 8, while none sprayed. Urethral fistula developed in 6 patients with a urethral plate of less than 8 mm. wide (p = 0.001). The urethral groove was deep in 13 cases, moderate in 20 and shallow in 15. There were no differences among these 3 groups in regard to urinary stream direction or fistula rate. Of the boys with a shallow urethral groove 6 (40%) have a neourethral caliber of 6Fr or less versus 3 (15%) with a moderate and 0 with a deep groove. This difference was statistically significant (p = 0.028). Each patient in whom meatal stenosis developed had a shallow urethral groove. CONCLUSIONS: Urethral groove depth appears to influence neourethral caliber after tubularized incised plate urethroplasty. A shallow groove predisposes to a narrower neourethra and meatal stenosis subsequently. We observed no evidence that incising the urethral plate increases the final urethral diameter. Urethral fistula after tubularized incised plate urethroplasty was associated with an initially narrow urethral plate.     

The ultrastructure of the epiphyseal plate

A method of fixation has been developed for the cartilage cells of the epiphyseal plate. Improved preservation of the flattened chondrocytes reveals small vesicles that seem to originate in the rough endoplasmic reticulum and are found in large amounts in the Golgi area. Different types of vacuoles can be distinguished in the Golgi complex, e.g. intermediate vacuoles and large vacuoles, the latter usually containing inclusions. It seems likely that the vesicles and vacuoles each play a specific role in the transport and production of sulfated protein polysaccharides.

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Zusammenfassung Es wurde eine Methode zur Fixation der Knorpelzellen aus der Epiphysenplatte entwickelt. die besser erhaltenen abgeflachten Chondrocyten zeigen kleine Bläschen, welche aus dem groben endoplasmatischen Reticulum zu stammen scheinen und in großen Mengen im Golgi-Bereich vorliegen. Verschiedene Arten von Vacuolen können im Golgi-Apparat unterschieden werden, z.B. intermediate vacuoles und large vacuoles, wobei die letztgenannten gewöhnlich Einschlüsse enthalten. Es ist wahrscheinlich, daß die Bläschen sowie die Vacuolen eine spezifische Rolle beim Transport und der Bildung von sulfatierten Proteinpolysacchariden spielen.

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Résumé Une méthode de fixation des cellules cartilagineuses de la métaphyse est mise au point. Une meilleure préservation des chondrocytes applatis montre de petites vésicules qui semblent naître dans l'ergastoplasme et se trouvent en grande quantité au niveau de l'appareil de Golgi. Différents types de vacuoles sont visibles dans cet appareil, à savoir des vacuoles intermédiaires et de larges vacuoles contenant des inclusions. Il parait probable que les vésicules et vacuoles jouent un rôle spécifique dans le transport et la production de polysaccharides de protéines sulfatées.

     

Epiphyseal plate injuries in the hand

Twenty-seven epiphyseal fractures of the hand are reported and classified according to the criteria of Salter and Harris (1963). The management and complications arising from these fractures are discussed.     

Rigid plate fixation of the sternum

Sternotomy is the most common osteotomy performed worldwide and has traditionally been closed by wire circlage. Recent studies have demonstrated the superiority of internal plate fixation both in promoting bony stability and osteosynthesis and in decreasing the incidence of postoperative mediastinitis. Despite its advantages, this method of sternal closure has not yet gained widespread use. We describe a simple technique of sternal closure using plates secured with screws.