微乳在现代药剂学中的研究进展

从透皮、粘膜、注射和口服给药系统等方面综述了微乳在现代药剂学中的研究进展以及微乳中药物的吸收机理.     

浅论亚微乳给药系统及其在现代中药研究的应用

通过检索亚微乳给药系统近年来的国内外文献,对其进行分析、归纳,从亚微乳给药系统的亚微乳形成机制、制备方法、稳定性相关因素、在现代中药的应用情况等方面进行论述,并指出亚微乳给药系统具有广阔的发展前景。     

难溶性药物注射给药系统的研究进展

由于高通量筛选技术在药物开发上的广泛应用,涌现了越来越多水难溶性的新化合物.注射剂在临床治疗中发挥着重要的作用,但水溶性低却成了这些化合物开发成注射剂的一个主要难题.本文综述了微乳、亚微乳、前药、环糊精包合物、纳米混悬剂和聚合物胶束系统等在难溶性药物注射给药方面的应用,以期能通过比较各给药系统的优缺点,为产品的开发提供思路.     

微乳在药剂学中的研究进展及应用

目的:综述微乳载药系统在药剂学方面的研究进展及临床应用情况。方法:查阅近几年国内外相关的文献资料并进行总结。结果:微乳主要用于口服、注射、经皮、黏膜给药系统,在临床中的应用日益受到重视。结论:微乳具有增加药物溶解度、提高生物利用度及体内分布靶向性等优点,在药剂学领域中的发展将越来越广泛。     

国外上市新型注射剂的研究进展

纳米粒、微球、脂质体、原位凝胶和微乳或亚微乳等给药系统能减少药物在体内外的降解,实现药物的控制释放.基于上述给药系统的新型注射剂已成为药物研发的关注热点.本文综述了近年国外上市的新型注射剂的剂型特点及其临床应用概况,并介绍了几种新型注射装置.     

微乳及自微乳给药系统的药学应用进展

目的介绍微乳及自微乳给药系统的最新进展及在药学研究方面的应用。方法查阅国内外文献资料进行整理和归纳。结果微乳及自微乳给药不仅能改善难溶于水、油溶性药物的溶解性,也可以保护不稳定的药物,控制药物的释放,它可以用于多种给药途径。结论此类给药系统是非常有前景的给药系统。     

抗肿瘤药物微乳给药系统研究进展

目的 介绍微乳给药系统在抗肿瘤药物中的研究进展,为深入研究提供参考.方法 根据国内、国外文献报道,对微乳给药系统的处方组成、成型工艺以及在抗肿瘤药物中的应用等方面进行综述.结果与结论 微乳给药系统能够提高水溶性差的抗肿瘤药物的生物利用度,提高疗效,适合口服给药,方便患者服用.     

微乳制剂的吸收特性研究进展

目的:了解微乳制剂的吸收特性研究进展及方向.方法:对微乳制剂分为经皮给药、注射和口服3种给药方式,查阅近年文献进行评述.结果:根据药物性质采用不同乳化方法制备微乳,主要应用于经皮、注射和口服给药.结论:随着对微乳形成机制及制备工艺的研究不断深入,预测微乳的发展前景和应用范围.     

油包水型微乳在药学中的应用研究进展

本文系统的综述了油包水（Water in oil,W/O）型微乳的制备方法、鉴定和质量评价,对于W/O型微乳作为药物载体在口服、经皮、注射及眼用给药途径中的应用加以论述,并对其发展趋势进行展望。     

我国微乳技术在药学领域中的研究进展

微乳是由油相、水相、乳化剂及助乳化剂在适当比例自发形成的一种透明或半透明、低黏度、各向同性且热力学稳定的油水混合系统,其作为药物载体的主要优点是可同时增溶不同溶解性能的成分,分散性好,利于吸收,提高生物利用度.现从微乳作为给药载体时不同类型配方、质量评价方法、各种微乳给药系统的优势,以及微乳在药学领域的其他应用情况等方面,对近年来国内进展状况进行综述,并对微乳在中药方面的应用提出建议.     

药用微乳应用概况与发展趋势*

微乳作为一种新型的药物载体,具有极大的发展潜力。现综述微乳的定义、形成机制、制备方法和特点,并系统综述了近年来微乳在口服、注射、经皮、眼部、鼻腔转运给药制剂等方面的应用概况,以及作为一种技术用于制备固体脂质纳米粒的应用概况,分析了近年来微乳在发展过程中存在的问题,进一步展望了微乳的发展趋势。     

微乳作为皮肤局部用药载体的研究进展

微乳是目前药剂学研究的热点,通过皮肤给药以达到局部或全身治疗目的的1种给药载体。综述近年来国内外对微乳作为皮肤局部用药载体的作用机制、影响因素、评价方法以及临床应用等方面的研究进展。     

微乳和基于微乳的经皮给药制剂的研究进展

近年来,微乳作为一种具有粒径小、渗透性强、溶解度大、易于制备的新型递药载体,在药物制剂的开发过程中得到广泛研究。本文总结了近年来国内外微乳和基于微乳的经皮给药制剂在不同种类药物中应用的相关文献,介绍了微乳的组成、形成机制、优缺点及在各治疗领域的研究实例。微乳具有促进药物透皮吸收、提高稳定性、延长作用时间和降低皮肤刺激性的优势,因此在经皮给药制剂领域具有广阔的应用前景。     

注射用微乳的研究进展

微乳是由表面活性剂、辅助表面活性剂、油和水在适当比例下自发形成的透明或半透明分散体系.作为一种新型药物输送载体,除了具有乳剂的一般特征外,微乳还具有粒径小、可过滤灭菌、热力学稳定、黏度低、注射时刺激性小及制备简单等优点,是很多疏水性药物注射给药时的良好载体.本文主要从制备注射用微乳时考虑的各因素、微乳的评价指标,及微乳存在的一些不足等方面对注射用微乳的研究进展做一概括.     

奥美沙坦酯微乳的制备及其透皮吸收的研究

目的制备奥美沙坦酯微乳并考察其对离体大鼠皮肤的透皮能力。方法用RYJ-6A型药物透皮扩散仪研究奥美沙坦酯微乳的透皮速率,进一步优化处方。结果微乳最优处方为含0.5%奥美沙坦酯、15.5%泊洛沙姆、15.5%正丁醇、7.8%吐温-60、13.4%水和47.3%油酸,微乳中药物经大鼠皮肤的稳态渗透速率为（95.754±7.5）μg.cm/h（r=0.996 2）。结论奥美沙坦酯微乳具有很强的透皮能力,有望成为奥美沙坦酯的新型透皮给药制剂。     

NMR diffusion-ordered spectroscopy can explain differences in skin penetration enhancement between microemulsion formulations

Changing the formulation variables of microemulsion systems has a significant influence on the resulting transdermal enhancement effect. NMR diffusion-ordered spectroscopy (DOSY) can offer an extremely valuable tool to interpret the differences in the obtained fluxes based on variations in self-diffusions between the drug and its locus domain.From the Clinical EditorMicroemulsion systems are often used as vehicles for transdermal drug delivery. In this communication authors interpret quantitative differences between microemulsion formulations based on studying the self-diffusion of testosterone relative to the diffusion of its residing oil phase based on DOSY spectroscopy.     

Influence of microemulsions on cutaneous drug delivery

In attempt to increase cutaneous drug delivery, microemulsion vehicles have been more and more frequently employed over recent years. Microemulsion formulations have been shown to be superior for both transdermal and dermal delivery of particularly lipophilic compounds, but also hydrophilic compounds appear to benefit from application in microemulsions compared to conventional vehicles, like hydrogels, emulsions and liposomes. The favourable drug delivery properties of microemulsions appear to mainly be attributed to the excellent solubility properties. However, the vehicles may also act as penetration enhancers depending on the oil/surfactant constituents, which involves a risk of inducing local irritancy. The correlation between microemulsion structure/composition and drug delivery potential is not yet fully elucidated. However, a few studies have indicated that the internal structure of microemulsions should allow free diffusion of the drug to optimise cutaneous delivery from these vehicles.     

Preparation and evaluation of aceclofenac microemulsion for transdermal delivery system

To develop novel transdermal formulation for aceclofenac, microemulsion was prepared for increasing its skin permeability. Based on solubility and phase studies, oil and surfactant was selected and composition was determined. Microemulsion was spontaneously prepared by mixing ingredients and the physicochemical properties such was investigated. The mean diameters of microemulsion were approximately 90 nm and the system was physically stable at room temperature at least for 3 months. In addition, the in vitro and in vivo performance of microemulsion formulation was evaluated. Aceclofenac was released from microemulsion in acidic aqueous medium, and dissolved amounts of aceclofenac was approximately 30% after 240 min. Skin permeation of aceclofenac from microemulsion formulation was higher than that of cream. Following transdermal application of aceclofenac preparation to delayed onset muscle soreness, serum creatine phosphokinase and lactate dehydrogenase activity was significantly reduced by aceclofenac. Aceclofenac in microemulsion was more potent than cream in the alleviation of muscle pain. Therefore, the microemulsion formulation of aceclofenac appear to be a reasonable transdermal delivery system of the drug with enhanced skin permeability and efficacy for the treatment of muscle damage.     

微乳在经皮给药系统中的应用

微乳经皮给药是目前国内外药学工作者研究的重点,也是目前药物制剂研发热点之一。本文主要从微乳的组成、促渗机制、微乳在经皮给药中的应用3个方面进行了综述。微乳经皮给药具有很好的应用前景。     

Transdermal delivery of hydrocortisone from eucalyptus oil microemulsion: effects of cosurfactants

This study investigated the effects of cosurfactants on the transdermal delivery of hydrocortisone (model drug) from eucalyptus oil microemulsion. Eucalyptus oil which was successfully employed for steroidal drugs was used as the oil. Tween 80 which was readily miscible with eucalyptus oil was used as surfactant. Ethanol, isopropanol and propylene glycol which are relatively tolerable by the skin were employed as cosurfactants. Pseudo-ternary phase diagrams were constructed in the presence and absence of cosurfactants. Microemulsion formulations containing 20% oil, 20% water and 60% of either Tween 80 or 1:1 surfactant/cosurfactant mixture were compared. Incorporation of cosurfactants expanded the microemulsion zone. The cosurfactant free microemulsion was viscous showing pseudo-plastic flow. The cosurfactant containing preparations were less viscous with Newtonian flow. The drug loading and release rate were increased in the presence of cosurfactants with the release depending on the viscosity. Incorporation of hydrocortisone in microemulsion increased the transdermal flux compared to saturated aqueous solution. The presence of cosurfactants increased the transdermal drug flux compared to the cosurfactant free formulation. Ethanol produced the greatest effect followed by propylene glycol and isopropanol. The presence of cosurfactant and its type can thus affect both the phase behavior and the transdermal delivery potential of microemulsion.