高位股骨头颈开窗植骨治疗中青年ARCO Ⅲ期股骨头坏死

[目的]探讨高位股骨头颈开窗植骨支撑术治疗中青年ARCOIII期股骨头坏死患者的临床疗效。[方法]回顾分析2012年1月～2017年6月采用高位股骨头颈开窗植骨支撑术治疗中青年股骨头坏死ARCOIII期患者58例(69髋)。随访评价保髋是否成功,比较成功与失败组术前资料,采用COX风险模型及Kaplan-Meier生存曲线分析影响术后失败的因素。[结果] 58例(69髋)均顺利完成手术且随访12～48个月,平均随访(39.17±1.72)个月。末次随访Harris评分为(81.72±8.12)分,与术前(73.47±11.91)分比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。术后评定19髋临床失败,股骨头生存率为72.50%。成功组术前Harris评分显著高于失败组(P0.05),成功组术前ARCO分期和术前CJFH分型显著优于失败组(P0.05)。Cox风险模型分析显示,术前Harris评分为手术成功的保护因素,Harris评分每增加1分,手术失败的发生风险降低4.18%(HR=0.958,95%CI:0.919-0.999,P=0.046)。术前CJFH分型及术前ARCO分期的HR值均1,为危险因素,但尚未达到统计学显著性。Kaplan-Meier生存曲线分析示,ARCO IIIB期患者临床失败率高于ARCO IIIA期患者。[结论]采用高位股骨头颈开窗植骨支撑术治疗中青年ARCO IIIA期患者可获得良好的临床效果,尤其对于术前Harris评分较高的C+L1型患者效果最佳。     

经头颈部开窗打压植骨治疗股骨头已部分塌陷股骨头坏死疗效分析

目的探讨经股骨头颈部开窗打压植骨术治疗股骨头已部分塌陷股骨头坏死患者的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析2011年3月-2013年12月采用经头颈部开窗打压植骨术治疗的106例(131髋)股骨头已部分塌陷股骨头坏死患者临床资料。男78例,女28例;年龄17~43岁,平均31.3岁。体质量指数(body mass index,BMI)16.5~36.5,平均24.2。病因:激素性53例,酒精性18例,特发性35例。术前根国际骨循环协会(ARCO)分期为Ⅲa期105髋,Ⅲb期26髋;根据中日友好医院(CJFH)分型为C+L1型41髋,L2型13髋,L3型77髋。术后采用Harris评分评价临床效果。术后因任何原因行人工全髋关节置换术或术后Harris评分评价为差(70分)定义为临床失败。采用Kaplan-Meier生存曲线对危险因素进行单因素分析,COX多因素风险模型对危险因素进行多因素分析。结果 106例(131髋)均获随访,随访时间4~51个月,平均27.9个月。植骨均融合,融合时间为1.0~1.5年。末次随访时Harris评分为(81.41±11.93)分,与术前(63.24±9.98)分比较差异有统计学意义(t=13.710,P=0.000);获优5髋、良41髋、可57髋、差28髋,优良率35.1%。术后评定为临床失败33髋,22髋随访期间影像学检查发现股骨头呈进行性塌陷。术后单因素分析示,术前ARCO分期、术前CJFH分型及术前Harris评分是术后临床失败的危险因素(P0.05);COX多因素风险模型示,术前ARCOⅢb期是术后临床失败的独立危险因素(P0.05)。Kaplan-Meier生存曲线示ARCOⅢb期患者临床疗效差于ARCOⅢa期患者。结论经股骨头颈部开窗打压植骨术治疗ARCOⅢa期患者可获得良好临床疗效,ARCOⅢb期及CJFH L2、L3型患者术后临床失败率较高。     

股骨头坏死钽棒植入后中期随访失败原因分析

目的评估钽金属棒治疗股骨头缺血性坏死后的生存率并评价其临床效果和影像学结果,分析其转归至全髋关节置换术(THA)的原因。方法回顾性分析2008年6月至2013年12月于中日友好医院骨坏死与关节保留重建中心因股骨头缺血性坏死行钽金属棒联合自体骨植入的101例患者(117髋)进行评价。纳入标准:非创伤性股骨头缺血性坏死。排除标准:存在手术禁忌、先前接受过任何其他类型治疗的病例、髋关节继发骨关节炎病例。根据国际骨循环协会(ARCO)分期,Ⅱ期49髋,Ⅲ期68髋;根据中日友好医院(CJFH)分型,L1型15髋,L2型59髋,L3型40髋,C型3髋。应用SPSS 19.0软件进行统计学分析。采用t检验或单因素方差分析进行手术前后及术后各组间髋关节Harris评分比较。采用分类变量的2检验或Fisher精确检验对影响影像学进展及转归至THA的因素进行分析。对性别、年龄、体重指数、有无骨髓水肿、单双侧、病因、ARCO分期、CJFH分型等因素使用Cox比例风险模型进行多变量分析以确定造成转归至THA和影像学进展的独立危险因素。结果最终90例患者(104髋)获得随访,平均随访时间为(46±21)个月,平均年龄为(39±8)岁。终末随访时,Harris评分自术前(76±13)分降至术后(69±15)分,组间差异有统计学意义(t=3.939,P0.01),最终49髋转归至THA,根据多因素Cox风险比列模型分析年龄,CJFH分型和ARCO分期是全髋关节置换和影像学进展的独立危险因素。结论钽金属棒治疗股骨头缺血性坏死的临床效果欠佳,影响其临床结局的因素包括年龄(40岁),CJFH分型(L3型),ARCO分期(Ⅲ期),应严格把握该手术适应证。     

两种保髋手术治疗股骨头坏死的短期疗效比较

[目的]比较股骨颈基底部旋转截骨术与股骨头清理植骨术治疗中日友好医院(China-Japan Friendship Hospital,CJFH) L2型股骨头坏死(osteonecrosis of the femoral head, ONFH)的临床疗效。[方法]回顾性分析2016年2月～2019年3月本院收治的88例ONFH患者的临床资料,其中,46例接受股骨头基底部旋转截骨术,42例接受死骨清理打压植骨术。比较两组围手术期、随访和影像资料。[结果]两组均顺利完成手术。截骨组患者手术时间、切口长度、术中出血量、术后引流量和住院时间均显著优于植骨组(P0.05)。截骨组下地行走时间和完全负重活动时间显著早于植骨组(P0.05)。与术前相比,末次随访时两组患者的Harris评分显著增加(P0.05),而VAS和WOMAC评分显著下降(P0.05);末次随访时,截骨组的Harris、VAS和WOMAC评分均显著优于植骨组(P0.05)。影像方面,与术前相比,末次随访时CJFH分型截骨组显著改善(P0.05),而植骨组的CJFH分型无显著变化(P0.05)。末次随访时,截骨组颈干角、坏死面积和塌陷面积均显著优于植骨组(P0.05)。[结论]相比股骨头清理植骨术,股骨颈基底部旋转截骨术具有简便、安全、高效的优势,治疗CJFH L2型股骨头坏死的早期临床效果满意。     

经皮头颈开窗治疗早期股骨头坏死研究

[目的]探讨经皮头颈开窗自体骨支撑植骨术治疗早期股骨头坏死的近期疗效。[方法]采用经皮头颈开窗自体骨支撑植骨术对28例(31髋)早期股骨头坏死患者进行手术治疗(改良组),其中男15例17髋,女13例14髋;平均年龄32.46岁;酒精性14髋,激素性17髋。同期采用传统钻孔减压自体骨支撑植骨术治疗29例(30髋)(传统组),包括男14例15髋,女15例15髋;平均年龄33.12岁;酒精性13髋,激素性17髋。对两组病例的术后并发症、术后髋关节功能Harris评分、临床失败率及影像学进展进行比较。[结果]术后随访24个月,两组病例均未发生术后并发症。改良组换髋率为3.2%(1/31),传统组换髋率为10%(3/30),差异无统计学意义(P=0.35)。改良组住院期间及末次随访Harris评分均优于传统组(P0.05),其他时间段差异均无统计学意义。改良组骨坏死进展率为3.2%(1/31)优于传统组的23.3%(7/30)(P=0.024)。[结论]改良的经皮头颈开窗植骨术对早期股骨头坏死有着良好的近期疗效,能加快术后关节功能的康复,延缓影像学进展。     

基于中日友好医院分型的股骨头坏死阶梯化保髋治疗经验总结

目的总结基于中日友好医院分型(CJFH分型)的股骨头坏死阶梯化保髋治疗经验,以供临床参考。方法广泛查阅相关文献,并结合本研究小组股骨头坏死保髋治疗28年临床经验,总结基于CJFH分型的股骨头坏死阶梯化保髋治疗方案。结果 CJFH分型将股骨头坏死分为M型、C型、L型,其中L型又分为L1、L2、L3亚型,本研究小组基于该分型标准制定了阶梯化保髋治疗方案。其中,M型一般坏死范围小、坏死部位在内侧非负重区,首选保守治疗。C型一般坏死范围小、坏死部位在外侧负重区,宜用微创死骨清除打压植骨异体腓骨棒支撑术。L型中,L1型髋关节外展位X线片显示正常骨范围未超过1/3者,优先考虑外科脱位头颈开窗死骨清理打压植骨术;正常骨范围超过1/3者,优先考虑经转子间弧形内翻截骨术;L2型可选择外科脱位股骨颈基底部旋转截骨术;L3型一般选择人工全髋关节置换术。结论基于CJFH分型的股骨头坏死阶梯化保髋治疗方案已取得一定疗效,远期效果有待进一步观察。     

髋关节外科脱位打压植骨术与髓芯减压支撑植骨术治疗ARCO Ⅲ期股骨头缺血性坏死疗效比较

目的比较经髋关节外科脱位打压植骨术与髓芯减压支撑植骨术治疗国际骨循环研究会(ARCO Ⅲ期股骨头缺血性坏死(avascular necrosis of the femoral head,ANFH)的疗效。方法回顾性分析2013年10月—2016年4月收治并符合选择标准的60例(69髋)ARCO Ⅲ期非创伤性ANFH患者临床资料。其中,24例(28髋)行经髋关节外科脱位打压植骨支撑术治疗(A组),36例(41髋)行髓芯减压、坏死病灶清除,并打压植骨、同种异体腓骨支撑术治疗(B组)。两组患者性别构成、年龄、侧别、ANFH类型及分期、病程以及术前髋关节Harris评分、疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS)等一般资料比较,差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。术后采用Harris评分评价髋关节功能,X线片复查观察股骨头形态改变情况,评价患者保髋临床是否成功。结果术后两组切口均Ⅰ期愈合。两组患者均获随访,A组随访时间为12～48个月,平均25.8个月;B组为12～54个月,平均26.4个月。A组5髋保髋临床失败,股骨头生存率为82.1%,中位生存时间为43个月;B组19髋保髋临床失败,股骨头生存率为53.7%,中位生存时间为42个月;两组生存曲线分布差异有统计学意义(χ~2=4.123,P=0.042),A组优于B组。末次随访时A、B组保髋成功患者髋关节Harris评分明显高于术前,VAS评分明显低于术前(P0.05),两组间各评分比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。X线片复查示,两组植骨均融合,融合时间组间比较差异无统计学意义(t=0.752,P=0.456)。A组大转子截骨处均愈合良好,1例髋关节周围出现异位骨化。结论对于股骨头轻度塌陷的ARCO ⅢA期患者,两种术式疗效确切;对于股骨头塌陷较严重的ARCO ⅢB期患者,经髋关节外科脱位打压植骨术后股骨头生存率优于髓芯减压支撑植骨术。     

压力侧和张力侧股骨颈皮质粉碎是股骨颈骨折术后无菌性坏死的独立危险因素

目的:探讨股骨颈骨折闭合复位内固定术后发生股骨头无菌性坏死的相关影响因素。方法:2009年1月至2016年1月,采用闭合复位3枚中空拉力螺钉内固定治疗236例股骨颈骨折患者,男111例,女125例;年龄19～89(50.17±12.88)岁。根据随访结果分析其发生股骨头无菌性坏死的相关性。对年龄、性别、损伤侧、体重、损伤机制、术前等待时间、Garden分型和是否有股骨颈皮质粉碎等单因素分析得到显著性差异的自变量,然后进行二元Logistic回归分析,探讨股骨头无菌性坏死的独立危险因素。结果:236例病例平均随访4.58年,高能损伤(24.69%vs. 5.16%,χ~2=19.405,P=0.000),术前等待时间48 h(20.00%vs. 6.38%,χ~2=10.065,P=0.002),GardenⅢ/Ⅳ型(18.52%vs. 2.97%,χ~2=13.357,P=0.000),股骨颈皮质粉碎(66.67%vs. 4.88%,χ~2=39.968,P=0.000)差异有统计学意义。多元Logistic回归分析表明:损伤机制[高能损伤,Exp(B)=4.397,95%CI=(1.672-11.562),P=0.003],术前等待时间48 h[Exp(B)=3.060,95%CI=(1.176-7.966),P=0.022],股骨颈皮质粉碎[股骨颈压力侧皮质粉碎,Exp (B)=3.944,95%CI=(1.245-12.494),P=0.020;股骨颈压力侧和张力侧皮质均粉碎,Exp(B)=23.761,95%CI=(3.805-148.374),P=0.001]是股骨颈骨折内固定术后股骨头无菌性坏死的独立危险因素。而GardenⅢ/Ⅳ型并非独立危险因素[Exp(B)=1.985,95%CI=(0.436-9.032),P=0.375]。结论:高能量损伤、术前等待时间(48 h)和股骨颈皮质粉碎是影响股骨头无菌性坏死的独立危险因素。此外,股骨颈压力侧和张力侧皮质粉碎是股骨头无菌性坏死的一个很强的预后危险因素,因为它表明了一种更严重复杂的损伤机制。     

减压联合钽棒置入治疗股骨头坏死的中长期疗效

[目的]观察减压联合钽棒治疗股骨头坏死的中长期疗效,并探讨影响治疗效果的相关因素。[方法]对2009年1月～2014年1月采用减压联合多孔钽棒置入治疗的股骨头坏死患者18例(19髋)进行回顾性分析。以Harris评分、影像学评估及保髋成功率作为疗效评价指标。并以性别、年龄、ARCO分期、坏死范围等进行分组,行统计学分析。[结果]通过5～10年的随访,保髋成功率为73.68%。术前无骨髓水肿、坏死范围小的患者末次随访Harris评分显著高于其对应者(P0.05)。至末次随访时,5例患者保髋失败,行全髋关节置换术(THA)。钽棒置入术时年龄≥40岁的患者保髋失败的比例高于年龄40岁的患者,但差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。ARCO分期越高保髋失败比率越大(P0.05)。术前有骨髓水肿者保髋失败比率显著大于术前无骨髓水肿者(P0.05)。坏死范围30%者保髋失败比率显著大于坏死范围30%者(P0.05)。[结论]减压联合多孔钽棒置入在治疗早期(ARCO:IIb期以内)股骨头坏死的中长期随访疗效可靠,特别适合年龄小、无骨髓水肿、坏死范围小的患者。     

髓芯减压植骨术与带肌蒂骨瓣移植术治疗股骨头坏死的效果比较

目的探讨股骨头髓芯减压植骨术与开窗减压带蒂骨瓣移植术治疗股骨头坏死的临床疗效比较。方法本院自2004-02—2012-02诊治的非创伤性成人早期股骨头缺血坏死58例(64髋),其中28例(32髋)采用髓芯减压植骨术治疗(A组),30例(32髋)采用开窗减压加带蒂缝匠肌骨瓣移植术治疗(B组)。记录2种手术方法的患者术前、术后一般状况、X线平片、Harris评分。结果本组获随访1~36个月,平均20个月。开窗减压带肌蒂骨瓣移植术术后复发率及远期髋关节活动情况较单纯髓芯减压植骨术效果好。结论开窗减压带蒂骨瓣移植术的临床疗效在股骨头坏死的早中期优于单纯髓芯减压植骨术。     

加入和未加骨形态发生蛋白2的打压植骨术治疗股骨头坏死

背景：已知骨形态发生蛋白2（bone morphogenetic protein2,BMP2）能促进骨愈合,但能否加速股骨头坏死打压植骨术的修复尚不知。目的：回顾性对照分析加入和未加入BMP2的打压植骨术治疗股骨头坏死（osteonecrosis of the femoral head,ONFH）的疗效。方法：42例（72髋）非创伤性ONFH手术患者获得随访,男19例,女23例;手术时年龄22~54岁,平均30.9岁。手术方法为经髋关节前路,股骨头颈交界处开窗,坏死灶清除,人工骨打压植骨。第一组每例加入4mgrhBMP2,第二组未加。患髋按国际骨循环学会（Association Research Circulation Osseous,ARCO）分期,按中日友好医院（China-Japan Friend-ship Hospital,CJFH）分型。临床疗效按Harris髋关节功能评分（Harris hip score,HHS）评定,影像学按股骨头是否塌陷及病灶修复情况评定。结果：随访5~7.8年（平均6.1年）。优36髋,良12髋,尚可7髋。股骨头保存率76.4%,第一组为81.8%,第二组为71.8%（P=0.459）。ARCOⅡ期为90.3%,Ⅲa期为34.6%（P=0.0285）;CJFH-C型及L1型为95.3%,L3型为29.6%（P=0.050）。结论：经股骨头颈开窗病灶清除,打压植骨术在选择合适的非创伤ONFH患者（ARCOⅡb,c期及CJFHC型和L1型）可获得优良的中期疗效。加入rhBMP2可提高手术疗效和骨修复质量。     

Combination Treatment of Biomechanical Support and Targeted Intra‐arterial Infusion of Peripheral Blood Stem Cells Mobilized by Granulocyte‐Colony Stimulating Factor for the Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

The objective of this study was to determine the benefits of combination treatment with mechanical support and targeted intra‐arterial infusion of peripheral blood stem cells (PBSCs) mobilized by granulocyte–colony stimulating factor (G‐CSF) via the medial circumflex femoral artery on the progression of osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH). Fifty‐five patients (89 hips) with early and intermediate stage ONFH were recruited and randomly assigned to combination treatment or mechanical support treatment (control group). All hips received mechanical support treatment (porous tantalum rod implantation). Then, hips in the combination treatment group were performed targeted intra‐arterial infusion of PBSCs. At each follow‐up, Harris hip score (HHS) and Association Research Circulation Osseous (ARCO) classification were used to evaluate the symptoms and progression of osteonecrosis. Total hip arthroplasty (THA) was assessed as an endpoint at each follow‐up. At 36 months, 9 of the 41 hips (21.95%) in the control group progressed to clinical failure and underwent THA whereas only 3 of the 48 hips (6.25%) in the combination treatment group required THA (p = 0.031). Kaplan‐Meier survival analysis showed a significant difference in the survival time between the two groups (log‐rank test; p = 0.025). Compared to the control group, combination treatment significantly improved the HHS at 36 months (p = 0.003). At the final follow‐up examination, radiological progression was noted in 13 of 41 hips (31.71%) for the control group, but in only 4 of 48 hips (8.33%) for the combination treatment group (p = 0.005). The overall collapse rates were 15.15% (5/33 hips) and 8.11% (3/37 hips) in the control and combination treatment groups, respectively. Targeted intra‐arterial infusion of PBSCs is capable of enhancing the efficacy of biomechanical support in the treatment of ONFH. This clinical trial confirmed that the combination treatment might be a safe and feasible choice for the treatment of early or intermediate stages of ONFH. © 2014 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.     

基于三柱结构的股骨头坏死分型——中日友好医院分型

 目的 通过分析非创伤性股骨头坏死的进展规律, 创建新的股骨头坏死分型方法。方法 基于Herring 对Legg-Perthes 病的三柱概念, 将冠状面股骨头分为内侧柱、中央柱及外侧柱, 选择MR 检查T1WI 冠状位正中层面图像, 依据坏死灶占据三柱结构的位置, 建立中日友好医院(China-Japan Friendship Hospital, CJFH)股骨头坏死分型体系。依据此分型方法及日本骨坏死研究会(Japanese Investigation Committee, JIC)分型分别对严重急性呼吸综合征患者的股骨头坏死(153 髋)进行分型, 统计其自然转归, 比较两种分型方法的坏死塌陷率。结果 CJFH分型: 内侧型(A 型), 坏死灶累及内侧柱;中央型(B 型), 坏死灶累及中央柱和内侧柱;外侧型(C 型): 凡累及外侧柱的坏死。依据坏死灶累及外侧柱的不同位置将外侧型分为次外侧型(C1 型)、极外侧型(C2 型)及全股骨头型(C3 型)。股骨头坏死患者自然进展显示, 两种分型方法的A、B、C三型股骨头塌陷率不同;CJFH分型C3 型塌陷率94.4%, C2 型塌陷率100%, 均高于C1 型42.6%;CJFH分型C2、C3 型合并塌陷率95.3%, 高于JIC 分型C2 型塌陷率72.3%。差异均有统计学意义。结论 CJFH 分型C2、C3 型预测股骨头塌陷的敏感性高于JIC 分型C2 型。基于三柱结构的CJFH 分型对股骨头坏死预后的预测准确性高, 应用简便。     

Impaction Bone Grafting Augmented With a Wire Coil by the Lightbulb Technique for Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head

BackgroundOsteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) is a debilitating disease that primarily affects the hips of young adults. The purpose of this study is to report the mid-term results of impaction bone grafting augmented with a wire coil using the lightbulb technique for ONFH.MethodsFrom 1998 to 2016, 50 hips with late precollapsed or early postcollapsed ONFH (28 hips with Association Research Circulation Osseous [ARCO] IIC and 22 with IIIA) were treated by impaction bone grafting augmented with a wire coil using the lightbulb technique. The survival rate was analyzed with conversion to total hip arthroplasty (THA) as the end point.ResultsThirty-one of the 50 hips had a successful clinical result without conversion to THA at a mean follow-up of 109.2 months. The 5-year survival rate was 68%, 82.1%, and 50% for the entire cohort, ARCO stage IIC, and ARCO stage IIIA, respectively. The 19 hips that had failed were converted to THA at an average of 52.8 months. The multivariable Cox proportional hazards model showed that an ARCO stage IIIA disease, a lateral lesion, and a necrotic index ≥0.67 were the independent risk factors for conversion to THA.ConclusionAs a head-preserving procedure, the lightbulb technique using impaction bone grafting augmented with a wire coil is worthwhile for patients in an earlier stage of disease and smaller lesion size to postpone the need for THA.     

初次全髋关节置换术后髋关节疼痛发生影响因素分析

目的探讨初次人工全髋关节置换术后中重度髋关节疼痛发生影响因素分析。 方法选择2015年1月至2017年9月在四川省巴中骨科医院初次接受全髋关节置换术的完整成年患者的病历资料进行回顾性分析。翻修手术、长期慢性疼痛、合并恶性肿瘤、精神疾病等情况的病例排除在外。记录患者的性别、年龄、身体质量指数、合并症、置换类型、术前评估、术中指标和术后并发症发生情况等资料。采用单因素和多因素Logistic分析观察患者术后中重髋关节疼痛的发生率及上述资料与髋关节中重度疼痛发生的相关性。 结果共有476例(476例髋)患者纳入研究,中重度疼痛发生率为9.66%。单因素分析显示,置换部位、疾病类型、高血压、吸烟、饮酒不是影响初次髋关节置换术后中重度疼痛发生的危险因素(P>0.05);性别(χ²＝6.145)、年龄(χ²＝7.847)、身体质量指数(χ²＝14.704)、髋关节活动时间(χ²＝8.043)、糖尿病(χ²＝10.356)、美国麻醉师协会(ASA)分级(χ²＝10.654)、入路方式(χ²＝6.746)、假体类型(χ²＝5.917)、手术时间(χ²＝5.024)、下肢深静脉血栓(χ²＝11.145)、术后C反应蛋白(CRP)值(χ²＝7.494)是影响初次髋关节置换术后中重度疼痛的危险因素(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic分析结果显示,身体质量指数≥28 kg/m²[OR＝3.224,95%CI (2.059,8.159)]、下肢深静脉血栓[OR ＝6.902,95%CI (4.574,13.589)]是影响全髋关节置换术后中重度疼痛的独立危险因素(P<0.05),年龄≥60岁[OR ＝0.718,95%CI (0.611,0.829)]、关节活动时间>2 d [OR ＝0.624,95%CI(0.417,0.852)]是全髋关节置换术后中重度疼痛的保护性因素(P<0.05)。 结论初次人工全髋关节置换术后中重度髋关节发生是多因素综合作用的结果,临床应综合考虑这些因素,以降低全髋关节置换术后中重度疼痛的发生。     

Outcomes of free vascularized fibular graft for post-traumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head

IntroductionOsteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) can occur after traumatic injuries of the hip. Surgical treatment with total hip arthroplasty (THA) may not produce lifelong viability in younger patients. Free vascularized fibular graft (FVFG) has become a reliable method to delay or even avoid THA in this patient population by aiming to correct loss of viable bone through vascularized autologous bone transfer. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the longevity and outcomes of FVFG for traumatic hip injuries resulting in ONFH.MethodsWe performed a retrospective review of our institutional database of patients who had undergone FVFG from 1980-2006 for post-traumatic ONFH and had a minimum follow-up of 5 years. Data collected included demographics, pre-operative Urbaniak ONFH staging, Harris Hip scores (HHS), SF-12 scores, and conversion to THA.ResultsSeventy-two hips in 68 patients met inclusion criteria. Mean follow-up was 11.6 years (range 5.1–33.2 years). Etiology included femoral neck fracture in 36 patients (61%), hip dislocation in 7 (12%), trauma without fracture or dislocation in 11 (19%), and femoral neck nonunion in 5 (8%). The most common stage at presentation was stage IV (48 patients). Graft survival at final follow-up (mean 10.9 years) was 64%, with mean time to conversion to THA of 8.4 years in those that did not survive (36%). There was no difference between THA conversion rates in hips with pre-collapse (Stage I and II) versus impending or post-collapse (Stage III or IV) lesions (p = 0.227). In hips with surviving grafts at final follow-up, mean HHS improved from 56.7 to 77.3 (SD 24.57, range 69–93), a mean improvement of 20.6 (p < 0.001).ConclusionsOur study reveals improvement in HHS in surviving FVFG and an acceptable overall THA conversion rate at mid to long term follow-up in Urbaniak stage I through IV hips. FVFG remains a viable option for treatment in younger patients with pre- and post-collapse (stage IV) ONFH lesions secondary to hip trauma.     

带血管蒂骨瓣转移治疗双侧股骨头缺血性坏死的疗效分析

背景：非创伤性股骨头缺血性坏死（ONFH）常双侧发病,治疗更加困难,采用保留股骨头的治疗方法较为理想。目前,采用带血管蒂骨瓣转移治疗双侧ONFH疗效的报道甚少。 目的：探讨应用带血管蒂髂骨瓣转移治疗双侧ONFH的早中期临床疗效。 方法：2009年1月至2010年12月共收治双侧ONFH患者22例44髋,男10例,女12例;年龄22~41岁,平均32.6岁;体重指数（BMI）16.5~30,平均23.9。按ARCO分期标准分为：Ⅱb期9髋,Ⅱc期14髋,Ⅲa期8髋,Ⅲb期5髋,Ⅲc期8髋。术中所取血管蒂均为旋股外侧血管升支髂棘支骨瓣转移术。双髋分两次进行手术,手术间隔12~16个月,平均14个月。 结果：随访时间为36~47个月,平均40.3个月,单髋术中失血量200~500 ml,平均358 ml。双侧髋关节术后6个月、12个月的Harris髋关节评分（HHS）均较各自术前有明显提高;双侧髋关节术后相同时间点的HHS评分比较无统计学差异。初次手术侧1髋术后出现切口脂肪液化经换药痊愈,其余均无围手术期并发症。术后根据ARCO分期标准2髋由Ⅲb期病变进展至Ⅲc期;1髋由Ⅲc期进展至Ⅳ期,并于术后14个月进行人工关节置换手术。 结论：应用带血管蒂髂骨瓣转移分两次手术治疗双侧ONFH,合适的手术间隔对初次手术侧功能恢复影响较小,双侧髋关节术后早期临床功能评价较高,是治疗双侧ARCOⅡ~Ⅲ期ONFH的有效方法。     

Curved Intertrochanteric Varus Osteotomy vs Total Hip Arthroplasty for Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head in Patients Under 50 Years Old

BackgroundGiven recent advances in total hip arthroplasty (THA), curved intertrochanteric varus osteotomy (CVO) is not indicated as a treatment for osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH), unless indicated to maintain long-term hip function and achieve patient satisfaction. We aimed to compare the clinical outcomes of CVO with those of THA for treatment of ONFH in young adults <50 years old.MethodsThis comparative study included 105 ONFH patients: 59 patients (65 hips) who underwent CVO and 46 patients (56 hips) who underwent THA. Assessment tools included the Harris hip score (HHS), patient-reported outcomes of the Short Form-36, Oxford hip score, Japanese Orthopaedic Association Hip-Disease Evaluation Questionnaire, and University of California, Los Angeles score, together with complication and survival rates.ResultsPreoperative HHS was significantly higher in the CVO group than in the THA group (P < .01). At the last follow-up, no between-group differences were noted in HHS, all domains of Japanese Orthopaedic Association Hip-Disease Evaluation Questionnaire scores, Oxford hip score, and Short Form-36. University of California, Los Angeles scores and complication rates were comparable: 3% for the CVO and 7% for the THA group. The 10-year survival rate with surgery for any reason as the end point was comparable, at 91.8% for the CVO and 97.7% for the THA group.ConclusionFunctional outcomes, survival rate, and sporting activities for patients <50 years old undergoing CVO or THA for ONFH were comparable after a mean follow-up period of 10 years. Strict indications for CVO can help maintain hip function and patient satisfaction equivalent to that for THA, in the long term.     

Core Decompression with Local Administration of Zoledronate and Enriched Bone Marrow Mononuclear Cells for Treatment of Non‐Traumatic Osteonecrosis of Femoral Head

ObjectiveTo investigate the efficacy and safety of core decompression (CD) with local administration of zoledronate and enriched bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMCS) for the treatment of non‐traumatic osteonecrosis of femoral head (ONFH).MethodsA total of 17 patients (30 hips) diagnosed with stage II and III ONFH according to the 2019 revised Association for Research on Osseous Circulation (ARCO) staging criteria from 2012 to 2014 were retrospectively reviewed. The patients received the following therapy: the BMMCs and zoledronate were injected into the necrotic zone, respectively, along with CD. The mean age of the patients was 36.8 years; 14 were men and three were women. All patients included had non‐traumatic ONFH and a minimum follow‐up of 5 years, which ended when total hip arthroplasty (THA) was performed. Imaging modalities, including plain radiography, computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were taken pre‐ and postoperatively. Harris hip score (HHS) was used to evaluate the functional outcomes of femoral head necrosis. Kaplan–Meier analysis was adopted to determine the probability of survivorship with THA as the end point in this series of patients. The correlation between radiological progression or THA and related risk factors were further analyzed. All complications were recorded.ResultsWith THA as the follow‐up endpoint, All patients were followed up for an average of 69.1 ± 20.5 months (range, 18–95 months). Preoperative imaging found six hips (20%) at ARCO stage II, 14 hips (46.7%) at stage IIIA, 10 hips (33.3%) at stage IIIB. Fourteen hips (46.7%) shown progression radiologically, while six hips (20%) underwent TKA among these patients with hip preservation. The cumulative survival was 80% (95% CI, 0.608–905) at 5 years with THA as the end point. HHS improved from 63.3 ± 8.7 preoperatively to 74.6 ± 20.6 postoperatively (P = 0.000). Radiological progression was found to be associated with ARCO stage, Japanese Investigation Committee (JIC) type, and corticosteroid exposure (P = 0.047; P = 0.012; P = 0.031). However, no correlation was found between conversion to THA and the known risk factors. No major complication was reported, with only four patients complaining about general weakness and muscle soreness, and all disappeared within 2–3 days.ConclusionsThe novel treatment modality could relieve pain, delay the progression of collapse, which might be an effective and safe method for hip preservation of early and mid‐term ONFH. However, the effect of this method may be related to ARCO stage, JIC type, and corticosteroid exposure.     

Collapse Progression or Cessation Affects the Natural History of Contralateral Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head

BackgroundIt is unclear how the condition of one side of the hip joint affects the natural history of contralateral osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH). This study aimed to investigate the natural progression of bilateral ONFH on the asymptomatic side between patients with collapse progression and cessation on the symptomatic side.MethodsThe study included 109 patients with bilateral ONFH at the first visit, who were divided into two groups in accordance with the symptomatic side based on the collapse progression of ≥3 mm (progressive group: 74 hips) and collapse cessation of <3 mm (stable group: 35 hips) with a minimum follow-up of 3 years. The assessment parameters included age, gender, body mass index, etiology, type classification, and survival rates of the asymptomatic side with radiographic failure as the endpoints.ResultsAge, gender, body mass index, and etiology were not different between the two groups; however, a difference was observed in the type classification of the symptomatic side. The 4-year survival rates were significantly different between the progressive (34.3%) and stable groups (85.7%). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that age <40 years (vs ≥40 years; hazard ratio [HR], 2.439), type C2 (vs B + C1; HR, 2.865), and collapse progression on the symptomatic side (vs collapse cessation; HR, 7.751) were independent factors determining collapse on the asymptomatic side.ConclusionCollapse progression on the symptomatic side is a poor prognostic factor for the natural history of contralateral ONFH.