维拉帕米对大鼠缺血再灌注心肌细胞凋亡的影响

目的：研究维拉帕米对大鼠缺血再灌注心肌细胞凋亡的影响。方法：对40只成年Wistar雄性大鼠建立冠状动脉左前降支（LAD）缺血再灌注模型，其中16只大鼠在缺血前及再灌注前给予给维拉帕米进行干预治疗，观察大鼠缺血再灌注心肌细胞凋亡情况，以及维拉帕米对其影响。采用末端标记法（TUNEL）进行细胞凋亡检测。结果：假手术组及单纯缺血凋亡细胞无明显增多，而缺血再灌注组凋亡细胞明显增多（P＜0．001）；在缺血前及再灌注前给予维拉帕米治疗均可减少细胞凋亡的数量（P＜0．01）。结论：在缺血再灌注可见心肌细胞凋亡发生，再灌注可加速细胞凋亡的发生；维拉帕米可抑制心肌细胞凋亡。     

单体人参皂甙Rb1对成年大鼠心肌细胞凋亡的影响

目的：用缺血－再灌注损伤诱导成年Wistar大鼠心肌细胞凋亡,观察单体人参皂甙Rb1对心肌细胞凋亡的影响。方法：琼脂糖凝胶电泳、DNA裂解率的测定和原位末端标记法（TUNEL）。结果：缺血－再灌注组心肌DNA电泳呈明显的梯形图谱,DNA裂解率明显高于假手术组,TUNEL末端标记有典型的阳性细胞存在,假手术组电泳无条带,TUNEL标记无阳性细胞。Rb1组琼脂糖凝胶电泳中DNA条带变淡,TUNEL阳性细胞百分数下降,DNA裂解率降低。结论：缺血－再灌注损伤可诱导成年心肌细胞凋亡,Rb1可抑制此类细胞凋亡。     

细胞凋亡与心肌缺血再灌注损伤

本文就近年来 ,缺血再灌注时的心肌细胞凋亡现象、心肌细胞凋亡的机制及心肌细胞保护的研究等 ,综述如下。1　心肌细胞凋亡现象对急性缺血和缺血再灌注时的心肌细胞凋亡曾有过争论 ,Ｇｏｔｔｌｉｅｂ等[1 ] 于 1 994年采用电镜结合ＤＮＡ凝胶电泳方法 ,率先报道了缺血再灌注时的心肌细胞凋亡现象 ,发现细胞凋亡可以作为心肌细胞缺血再灌注损伤的特征 ,并区别于缺血性损伤 ,单纯缺血心肌无细胞凋亡。同年Ｔａｎａｋａ等[2 ] 报道 ,在乳鼠心肌细胞培养时 ,以 95 %Ｎ2 、5 %ＣＯ2 造成缺血条件 ,在 1 2ｈ内就观察到心肌细胞凋亡 ,证实细胞凋亡…     

丹红注射液预处理对大鼠缺血再灌注心肌细胞损伤的影响

目的研究丹红注射液预处理对大鼠心肌细胞缺血再灌注损伤的作用。方法体外培养大鼠心肌细胞,将丹红注射液以2%、4%、8%、16%四种浓度分别加入培养基中,预处理24 h后,置于缺血再灌注（I/R）环境中培养,采用流式细胞仪技术检测各组细胞的凋亡率,免疫组织化学法检测凋亡基因Bax及Bcl-2蛋白表达变化。结果与正常对照组比较,缺血再灌组细胞凋亡率及Bas表达明显升高,Bcl-2表达则显著降低;而用丹红注射液预处理后呈浓度依赖性地下调凋亡率及Bas表达,上调Bcl-2表达。结论丹红注射液对缺血再灌心肌细胞有保护作用,且与浓度有一定的依赖关系,其作用可能是通过上调Bcl-2蛋白表达,抑制Bax蛋白表达实现的。     

厄贝沙坦调控JAK-STAT信号通路对大鼠缺血再灌注心肌细胞凋亡的影响

目的研究厄贝沙坦对大鼠缺血再灌注心肌细胞的凋亡及相关基因的影响。方法取45只30周龄健康清洁WKY大鼠随机分为假手术组,缺血再灌注组和厄贝沙坦组。制备心肌缺血再灌注动物模型,TUNEL原位末端检测缺血再灌注区凋亡细胞,免疫组化检测心肌组织STAT1,STAT3的表达。结果与假手术组比缺血再灌注组细胞凋亡率明显升高（p<0.01）SP染色见STAT1蛋白表达显著增强（p<0.01）STAT3蛋白表达显著减少（p<0.01）与缺血再灌注组比,厄贝沙坦组细胞凋亡率明显下降（p<0.01）,STAT1蛋白表达减少（p<0.01）,STAT3蛋白表达显著增加（p<0.01）。结论厄贝沙坦通过对JAK-STAT信号通路的调节作用能减轻缺血再灌注心肌细胞的损伤,减少细胞凋亡,发挥心脏保护作用。     

Rho激酶在乳鼠心肌细胞模拟缺血再灌注损伤细胞凋亡中的作用

摘要：目的观察Rho激酶在培养乳鼠心肌细胞缺血再灌注损伤细胞凋亡中的作用，及Rho激酶抑制剂盐酸法舒地尔（fasudil,F）对缺血再灌注损伤细胞凋亡的影响。方法原代培养出生1～2d的SD乳鼠心肌细胞，并行肌钙蛋白抗体免疫荧光染色鉴定，建立缺血再灌注损伤（I/R）模型。实验分3组：① 正常对照组；② I/R组;③ I/R+F组：建立I/R模型前20min 加入法舒地尔，使其终浓度分别为10μmol/L（F1组）、30μmol/L（F2组）、50μmol/L（F3组）。Western blot分别检测缺血2h,再灌注3h肌球蛋白磷酸酶目标亚单位1（myosin phosphatase target subunit 1，MYPT1）磷酸化水平，作为Rho激酶功能活化的标志。应用流式细胞仪Annexin-V/PI双色法检测再灌注3、6h时点心肌细胞的凋亡率。结果再灌注3h后MYPT1的磷酸化水平明显增加，I/R组为正常对照组的 5.7倍(P＜0.01)，F1、F2、F3组法舒地尔干预后较I/R组分别减少24.6%、40.1%、60.1%（P＜0.05）；法舒地尔组再灌注3、6h心肌细胞的凋亡率较I/R组同时间点显著下降，随给药浓度的增加，细胞凋亡率呈下降趋势。结论Rho激酶在缺血再灌注心肌细胞中有促凋亡作用，法舒地尔可减少缺血再灌注心肌细胞凋亡的发生，从而发挥良好的心肌保护作用。     

体外心肌细胞缺血后适应模型的建立及评价

目的建立心肌细胞缺血后适应（IPost）模型并观察IPost对心肌细胞再灌注（I／R）损伤的影响。方法体外培养新生SD乳鼠心肌细胞,随机分正常对照组（SH组）、缺血再灌注组（I／R组）及缺血后适应组（IPost组）,用烟酸己可碱（Hochest33342）及碘化丙啶混合溶液染色后观察细胞凋亡率情况,流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡率,逆转录PCR（RT—PCR）方法和蛋白质印迹法（WesternBlot）方法检测Bcl-2／Bax基因表达。结果与I／R组比较,IPost组细胞凋亡率显著改善,Bcl-2蛋白表达上调,Bax蛋白表达下降,Bcl-2／Bax显著增加（P均d0．05）。结论IPost能通过抗心肌凋亡有效地减轻离体心肌细胞缺血再灌注损伤。     

福辛普利对心肌缺血再灌注损伤心肌细胞的作用和对Bcl-2、Bax表达的影响

目的探讨福辛普利对大鼠心肌缺血再灌注模型心肌细胞凋亡及相关调控基因Bcl-2、Bax表达的影响及相关机制。方法24只动物随机分成假手术组（n=8），缺血再灌注损伤组（n=8）和福辛普利预处理组（n=8），再灌注24h后处死动物。用透射电镜观察大鼠心肌超微结构的变化，TUNEL法检测心肌细胞凋亡，RT-PCR检测Bcl-2及Bax基因表达。结果电镜结果显示福辛普利的应用促使缺血再灌注大鼠心肌组织肌原纤维排列趋于恢复正常、线粒体肿大好转、细胞核和核仁显示良好，无细胞核变形，无胞核空洞样变及核固缩等现象。TUNEL显示福辛普利组细胞凋亡明显减少。缺血再灌注损伤24h后心肌组织Bcl-2基因表达较假手术组显著降低，而Bax基因表达则显著增高，福辛普利则可以逆转这种趋势。结论应用福辛普利能抑制心肌缺血再灌注损伤导致的心肌细胞凋亡，发挥心肌保护作用，从而缓解缺血再灌注损伤的发生发展。     

大鼠心肌缺血-再灌注损伤与细胞凋亡的关系及缺血预适应对其的影响

日的制备不同缺血时间的大鼠心肌缺血-再灌注损伤模型,进行凋亡细胞定量检测及凋亡抑制基因bcl-2检测．以了解缺血预处理对心肌凋亡细胞数量的影响,并探讨其机制。方法SD大鼠随机分为A组为无缺血对照组．B组缺血10min．C组缺血20min。D组缺血30min,E组缺血60min,F组为预处理组。分别用TUNEL法检测缺血再灌注大鼠心肌细胞凋亡,用SP免疫组化方法和图像分析技术检测心肌细胞凋亡相关基因Bcl-2和Bax的表达。结栗发现心脏经缺血预处理后,缺血-再灌注损伤程度明显减轻。各组随着缺血时间延长,凋亡心肌细胞数目逐渐增多;Bcl-2蛋白表达光密度值（OD值）减少、Bax蛋白表达OD值增多。结论缺血预处理的心肌保护作用在一定程度上通过减少心肌缺血-再灌注细胞凋亡而实现,     

人参总皂甙对大鼠肾缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用

目的：观察研究人参总皂甙（GS）对肾缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用。方法：采用SD大鼠右侧肾切除，左侧肾蒂夹闭60min肾缺血后再灌注模型。将SD大鼠随机分组，除正常对照组外，分别注射生理盐水及人参总皂甙（GS）预防性用药。结果：GS组能明显抑,制缺血再灌注所致的血及肾组织脂质过氧化代谢产物丙二醛（MDA）的升高以及超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性的降低，肾病理学损害及超微结构改变明显改善。结论GS对肾缺血再灌注损伤具保护作用，可能主要是通过抗脂过氧休作用，保护抗氧化酶活性，清除氧自由基（OFR）而实现的。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.