青少年精神分裂症患者个性特征与家庭环境的相关性

目的 探讨青少年精神分裂症的个性特点、家庭环境模式,及其家庭环境因素对青少年个性的影响.方法 以16～19岁首发精神分裂症60例为研究组,同年龄段在校就读学生60例为正常对照组;以艾森克个性(成人)问卷(EPQ),家庭环境量表中文版(FES-CV),为测评工具,测验结果全部输入心理测验软件系统,用SPSS11.0统计软件进行均数、χ2、t检验及相关性检验.结果 青少年精神分裂症性格多为内向不稳定型(19例)、高精神质[(7.12±3.22)分]、高神经质[(14.38±5.85)分];其家庭环境亲密度[(5.55±2.19)分]、成功性[(5.22±2.18)分]、知识性[(4.08±1.82)分]、娱乐性[(4.37±2.16)分]、组织性[(5.13±2.23)分]、道德性[(5.23±1.79)分]得分显著低于对照组,而家庭环境中亲密度和组织性与个性有高度相关性(P＜0.01).结论 家庭环境对青少年的个性有重要的影响,特别是家庭环境中的亲密度和组织性.     

抑郁症患者应付方式与家庭环境的关系

目的 探讨抑郁症患者应付方式与家庭环境的关系.方法 采用家庭环境量表和应付方式问卷对90例抑郁症患者进行调查.结果 抑郁症患者的家庭环境量表中亲密度[(1.7±0.5)分、成功性(5.8±1.7)分、文化性(3.3±1.9)分],娱乐性[(3.8±1.8)分],组织性[(4.7±1.7)分]得分与中国常模比较差异有显著性(均P＜0.01),抑郁症患者应付方式中的解决问题和求助因子与家庭亲密度和成功性正相关(r=0.29,0.32,0.27,0.31,P＜0.05),自责与情感表达呈负相关(r=-0.27,P＜0.05),进一步做多元逐步回归分析,发现解决问题因子与家庭亲密度、成功性、道德宗教观有关,回归方程为解决问题＝0.168亲密度+0.060成功性+0.044道德宗教观-0.182.自责因子与情感表达有关,回归方程为自责=-0.035情感表达+1.039.结论 抑郁症患者的应付方式与家庭环境有关.     

精神分裂症患者家庭亲密度和适应性及影响因素的研究

目的 探讨精神分裂症患者的家庭亲密度和适应性及其影响因素,为家庭干预提供理论依据.方法 使用家庭亲密度和适应性量表及家庭环境量表,对92例精神分裂症患者进行评估,60名健康者为对照组.结果 与健康对照组比较:精神分裂症患者的家庭亲密度较低[(62.78±11.09)分vs(66.37±8.30)分,P＜0.05)],适应性差[(42.12±8.31)分vs(53.67±7.20)分,P＜0.01],缺少相应的灵活变通性,僵硬-松散型分别占27.47%和5%,(x2=12.64,P＜0.01),亲密度和适应性与多种家庭变量相关,适应性(Beta=0.769)和年龄(Beta=-0.193)对家庭亲密度有预测作用;亲密度、娱乐性、性别(Beta值为0.628,0.184及0.142)对家庭适应性有预测作用.结论 精神分裂症家庭存在家庭功能失调,应针对其家庭特征进行家庭干预.     

精神分裂症患者家庭亲密度和适应性及影响因素的研究

目的探讨精神分裂症患者的家庭亲密度和适应性及其影响因素,为家庭干预提供理论依据。方法使用家庭亲密度和适应性量表及家庭环境量表,对92例精神分裂症患者进行评估,60名健康者为对照组。结果与健康对照组比较精神分裂症患者的家庭亲密度较低[(62.78±11.09)分vs(66.37±8.30)分,P<0.05)],适应性差[(42.12±8.31)分vs(53.67±7.20)分,P<0.01],缺少相应的灵活变通性,僵硬-松散型分别占27.47%和5%,(2=12.64,P<0.01),亲密度和适应性与多种家庭变量相关,适应性(Beta=0.769)和年龄(Beta=-0.193)对家庭亲密度有预测作用;亲密度、娱乐性、性别(Be-ta值为0.628,0.184及0.142)对家庭适应性有预测作用。结论精神分裂症家庭存在家庭功能失调,应针对其家庭特征进行家庭干预。     

网络成瘾青少年家庭亲密度及家庭教育方式的对比研究

目的 通过网络成瘾青少年家庭亲密度与家庭教育方式的对比研究,为网络成瘾青少年的家庭干预与预防提供帮助.方法 对100名健康青少年(对照组)和90例网络成瘾青少年(研究组)进行家庭亲密度与家庭教育方式的问卷调查和访谈,用SPSS10.0统计软件进行t检验、相关分析、信度分析.结果 对照组家庭亲密度显著好于研究组[(51.75±8.86)分,(38.89±12.17)分,P<0.01].对照组家庭教育方式明显好于研究组[(50.65±7.66)分,(41.44±10.84)分;P<0.01].研究组对家庭亲密关系[(20.87±4.66)分,(12.33±7.88)分;P<0.01]、家庭教育方式的不满意度均明显高于对照组;(23.30±11.06)分,(14.28±7.29)分;P<0.01].结论 网络成瘾青少年的家庭的亲密度低、对家庭教育方式不满意度高,因此在对网络成瘾家庭进行干预与预防时,应特别注重家庭成员间亲密和谐关系的培养,在家庭教育方面家长要特别重视孩子积极健康人格的养成,引导子女积极参加社会实践锻炼.     

康复期精神分裂症患者家庭环境因素分析

目的:探讨康复期精神分裂症患者的家庭环境状况。方法:使用家庭环境量表(FES-CV)中文版对40例康复期精神分裂症患者和38例正常人进行对照分析。结果:康复期精神分裂症患者的家庭环境量表中亲密度、情感表达、矛盾性、独立性、成功性、知识性、娱乐性等因子分均低于正常对照组,道德宗教观、组织性、控制性等因子分高于正常对照组,其中亲密度、情感表达、成功性、知识性、娱乐性等因子的差异有显著性(分别:t=-2.130,P=0.0364;t=-2.820,P=0.0061;t=-2.486,P=0.0151;t=-2.617,P=0.0107;t=-2.848,P=0.0057),组织性、控制性等因子的差异有高度显著性(分别:t=3.546,P=0.0006;t=3.454,P=0.0009)。结论:康复期精神分裂症患者具有低亲密度、低情感表达、低娱乐性、低知识性、低成功性和高组织性、高控制性的家庭环境特点。建议结合此特点制定具体的家庭治疗计划实施心理干预,尽最大可能地恢复患者的社会功能。     

精神疾病患者家庭暴力危险因素的研究

目的探讨精神疾病患者家庭暴力行为相关因素,为家庭暴力的预测和干预研究积累资料和进行方法学的准备.方法对38例具有家庭暴力行为和40例无家庭暴力行为的两组精神疾病患者,应用人口学资料、既往史调查表、家庭暴力行为调查表、简明精神病评定量表(BPRS)、明尼苏达多相人格调查表(MMPI)、人格诊断问卷第4版(PDQ4+)、早年(18岁以前)不良家庭环境问卷、家庭环境量表-中文版(FES-CV)进行对照研究.结果 (1)研究组的BPRS总分[(51.29±11.03)分]、敌意猜测[(4.00±1.77)分]、焦虑抑郁[(3.76±2.14)分];MMPI测试中的F[(64.86±11.28)分]、D[(64.04±8.81)分]、Hs[(66.91±8.79)分]、Hy[(64.25±11.15)分]、Pa[(66.30±11.22)分];PDQ4+的测定中的偏执型[(4.55±1.33)分]、依赖型[(4.37±1.73)分]、被动攻击型[(4.29±1.69)分]、抑郁型[(4.66±1.38)分]人格障碍;家庭环境量表的亲密度[(6.97±1.88)分]、情感表达[(5.66±1.51)分]、娱乐性[(5.61±1.82)分]、组织性[(6.40±1.59)分]方面与对照组有显著性差异(P＜0.05).(2)经Logistic回归分析结果显示攻击行为史[(2.63±0.52)分]、MMPI的D[(0.13±0.04)分]、Pa[(0.06±0.02)分]高分和BPRS的总分[(0.24±0.06)分]、敌对猜疑[(0.72±0.19)分]、焦虑抑郁[(0.55±0.17)分]因子高分及早年遭受父母虐待[(-4.14±1.42)分]、家庭结构不完整[(1.79±0.80)分]以及家庭环境量表中亲密度(0.48±0.16)低分、PDQ4+抑郁型(-1.47±0.47)高分可作为精神病患者家庭暴力行为的预测因子.结论心理社会因素、病理性人格和精神病理症状是精神病患者家庭暴力行为的始动因素,可作为家庭暴力行为的预测因子和指导干预的方向.     

精神疾病患者家庭暴力危险因素的研究

目的探讨精神疾病患者家庭暴力行为相关因素,为家庭暴力的预测和干预研究积累资料和进行方法学的准备。方法对38例具有家庭暴力行为和40例无家庭暴力行为的两组精神疾病患者,应用人口学资料、既往史调查表、家庭暴力行为调查表、简明精神病评定量表(BPRS)、明尼苏达多相人格调查表(MMPI)、人格诊断问卷第4版(PDQ4 )、早年(18岁以前)不良家庭环境问卷、家庭环境量表-中文版(FES-CV)进行对照研究。结果(1)研究组的BPRS总分[(51.29±11.03)分]、敌意猜测[(4.00±1.77)分]、焦虑抑郁[(3.76±2.14)分];MMPI测试中的F[(64.86±11.28)分]、D[(64.04±8.81)分]、Hs[(66.91±8.79)分]、Hy[(64.25±11.15)分]、Pa[(66.30±11.22)分];PDQ4 的测定中的偏执型[(4.55±1.33)分]、依赖型[(4.37±1.73)分]、被动攻击型[(4.29±1.69)分]、抑郁型[(4.66±1.38)分]人格障碍;家庭环境量表的亲密度[(6.97±1.88)分]、情感表达[(5.66±1.51)分]、娱乐性[(5.61±1.82)分]、组织性[(6.40±1.59)分]方面与对照组有显著性差异(P<0.05)。(2)经Logistic回归分析结果显示攻击行为史[(2.63±0.52)分]、MMPI的D[(0.13±0.04)分]、Pa[(0.06±0.02)分]高分和BPRS的总分[(0.24±0.06)分]、敌对猜疑[(0.72±0.19)分]、焦虑抑郁[(0.55±0.17)分]因子高分及早年遭受父母虐待[(-4.14±1.42)分]、家庭结构不完整[(1.79±0.80)分]以及家庭环境量表中亲密度(0.48±0.16)低分、PDQ4 抑郁型(-1.47±0.47)高分可作为精神病患者家庭暴力行为的预测因子。结论心理社会因素、病理性人格和精神病理症状是精神病患者家庭暴力行为的始动因素,可作为家庭暴力行为的预测因子和指导干预的方向。     

伴和不伴攻击行为精神分裂症患者认知功能的对照研究

目的比较伴和不伴攻击行为精神分裂症患者认知功能的差异.方法根据修改版外显行为攻击量表的评分将精神分裂症患者分为研究组(伴攻击行为组)和对照组(不伴攻击行为组),用韦氏成人智力量表、逻辑记忆测验、Benton线方向判断测验、威斯康星卡片分类测验评估其认知功能.结果研究组在逻辑记忆[(9.45±3.67)分vs(12.58±4.71)分]、Benton线方向判断测验[(19.78±5.21)分vs(25.21±4.37)分]、威斯康星卡片分类测验的总应答数[(119.53±5.65)次vs(105.68±5.79)次]、准确应答数、持续错误数[(42.23±20.29)次vs(25.15±21.48)次]、完成分类数均与对照组差异有显著性,但两组在总智商[(92.46±15.35)vs(94.12±14.68)]方面差异无显著性.结论伴有攻击行为的精神分裂症患者较不伴攻击行为的精神分裂症患者认知功能受损更严重.     

强迫症患者童年创伤及家庭环境因素的对照研究

目的 探讨童年期创伤经历与成年后罹患强迫症的关系及强迫症患者家庭环境的特点.方法 采用耶鲁-布朗强迫症状评定量表(Y-BOCS)量表、童年创伤与虐待量表(CAT)及家庭环境量表中文版(FES-CV)对41例强迫症患者和36位正常人施测比较.在此基础上采用自编访谈提纲对2组半结构化访谈.结果 ①强迫症患者CAT总分及惩罚、负面环境两个分量表上的评分明显高于正常对照组[分别为(50.16±21.03)分、(12.03±4.24)分、(19.77±9.74)分,对照组为(35.35±14.78)分、(9.92±2.51)分、(12.54±8.14)分],其差异有显著性意义(除惩罚P<0.05外,余P<0.01).负面环境因子进入回归方程,可以解释强迫症结局的14.67%.②强迫症患者在家庭亲密度、情感表达、知识性、娱乐性4个分量表上的评分[(5.13±2.28)分,(4.10±2.12)分,(2.71±1.87)分,(2.52±2.34)分]明显低于正常对照组.而矛盾性分量表的评分[(5.03±2.21)分]明显高于对照组[(3.50±2.40)分],差异有显著性.家庭环境中娱乐性和亲密度两个因子进入回归方程(R<'2=0.2078,R<'2=0.2784),这两个因子对强迫症结局的贡献为27.84%,其中娱乐性能解释强迫症结局的20.78%.③访谈发现,强迫症组与对照组在父母个性、本人个性、童年经历及家庭环境方面有明显差异.结论 童年创伤经历及其不良家庭环境在强迫症的发生发展中起着重要的作用,与成年后人格的发展也密切相关.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF SERUM CYTOKINES IL-1β,sIL-2R,IL-6,TNF-α,AND IFN-v IN ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME

Objectives To explore serum cytokines levels (including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v) and their significance in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and the subsequent follow-ups, with attempt to estimate the role of various serum inflammatory markers in the diagnosis and assessment of ACS.Methods The study population include 40 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), 40 patients with unstable angina pectoris (UAP), and 40 controls. Among the 80 patients, 60 patients attended a follow up 4 months later. Serum inflammatory markers including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.Results Serum IL- 1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α were significantly higher in AMI group or UAP group compared to the control group and became significantly lower 4 months later in the follow-up patients. Serum levels of IFN-v shows no significant difference between AMI group or UAP group and controls, also showing no significant change when measured in follow up patients. There was no correlation between serum creatine kinase-MB isoenzyme levels and serum inflammatory markers either in UAP or AMI group. Furthermore, when divided into two subgroups using Wagner's QRS scoring system in the AMI group, there is no difference of each serum inflammatory marker between ≤ 6 scores group and ＞ 6 scores group.Conclusion Serum levels of certain inflammatory markers may have some diagnostic value for ACS, and can be a useful marker reflecting disease stability.