恒河猴艾滋病模型中枢神经系统及淋巴结病变的电镜观察

目的观察恒河猴艾滋病模型不同感染阶段中枢神经系统及淋巴结的超微结构改变,探讨艾滋病的发病机制和病理改变的发展过程。方法 15只恒河猴,1只为正常对照,其余14只静脉注射感染SIVmac239猴艾滋病病毒,分别于感染后1周,2周,1个月,2个月,12个月,18个月取腹股沟淋巴结及下丘脑组织进行透射电镜检查。结果感染后1周即可出现淋巴结内淋巴细胞病变,表现为线粒体肿胀,嵴溶解,出现自噬体等。感染后2周及1个月时淋巴细胞病变主要表现为线粒体肿胀,嵴溶解;感染2个月时淋巴细胞细胞核形态出现明显改变。感染后12个月淋巴结内多数淋巴细胞出现病变,细胞肿胀,细胞器正常形态大部分消失;部分细胞出现溶解性坏死的特征。至感染后期(18个月时),淋巴结内局部淋巴细胞稀疏,细胞核肿胀或形态不规则。中枢神经系统的病变在感染后1周出现,表现为神经纤维肿胀,感染后2周出现神经元的病变,表现为神经元线粒体肿胀,粗面内质网脱颗粒,尼氏体消失;神经纤维内出现空泡。感染后12个月及18个月时,神经元和神经纤维的病变加重。结论在SIV感染早期,淋巴结内淋巴细胞及中枢神经系统即可出现病变,维持一段相对稳定的时间后,至疾病后期,病变加重。中枢神经系统与淋巴结的超微结构病变发展规律有一定的相似性。

TEM Evaluation of Central Nervous System and Lymph Node Lesions in SIU-infected Rhesus Monkey

Objective To observe ultrastructural changes of central nerve system and lymph nodes at different stages of SIV infection in rhesus monkeys,explore the pathogenesis of simian AIDS.Methods 15 rhesus monkeys,1 was used as normal control,the other 14 monkeys were infected with SIVmac239 intravenously.Inguinal lymph nodes and hypothalamic tissues were inspected by transmission electron microscopy at 1 week,2 weeks,1 month,2 months,12 months and 18 months after infection.Results 1 week after infection,lymphocytes in lymph node showed pathological changes,manifested as mitochondria swelling with cristae dissolution and autophagies.At time points of 2 weeks and 1 month after infection,lymphocytes showed mitochondria swelling with cristae dissolution.2 months after infection,the nuclei of the lymphocytes were obviously deformed.At 12 months after infection,a high proportion of lymphocytes had obvious lesions,manifested as cell swelling,most organelles lost their normal appearance;some cells showed features of solubilized necrosis.At 18 months after infection,the lymphocytes were sparse in some areas of the lymph node,the nuclei of the lymphocytes were swelling or had irregular shapes.Central nervous system lesions appeared at 1 week after infection,manifested as nerve fiber swelling.At 2 weeks after infection,the neuron showed mitochondria swelling,rough endoplasmic reticulum degranulation,Nissl bodies disappearing;there were vacuoles in the nerve fibers.At 12 months and 18 months after infection,the lesions of neurons and nerve fibers were increased.Conclusions In the early stage of SIV infection,the lesions can be found in lymph node and central nervous system.After maintaining a relatively stable stage,the disease deteriorated,the lesions were increased.The lesions in the central nervous system and lymph node showed some similarity in the development.