血府逐瘀汤合温胆汤加减联合西药治疗高血压颈动脉硬化的临床观察

目的:观察血府逐瘀汤合温胆汤加减联合西药治疗高血压颈动脉硬化的效果。方法:选取2017年6月至2018年6月聊城市中医院收治的高血压颈动脉硬化患者92例作为研究对象,按照随机数字表法随机分为对照组与观察组,每组46例。对照组患者给予左旋氨氯地平+阿托伐他汀口服,观察组在对照组基础上加用血府逐瘀汤合温胆汤加减口服。观察患者血压、血脂控制情况,测定颈动脉内膜中层厚度(IMT)、斑块面积、血管皮内皮功能、血清蛋白酶分子水平。结果:与对照组比较,观察组治疗后的血压SBP、DBP及血脂TG、TC、LDL-C等指标更低(P<0.05);颈动脉粥样硬化斑块IMT厚度、斑块面积明显缩小(P<0.05),血管内皮功能指标ET-1、AngⅡ、TXB2水平明显降低,NO水平明显升高(P<0.05);血清CatK、MMP-9水平明显降低(P<0.05);观察组不良反应发生率8.70%明显低于对照组不良反应发生率21.74%(P<0.05)。结论:血府逐瘀汤合温胆汤加减联合西药更利于控制高血压颈动脉硬化患者的血压,调节脂质代谢,改善血管内皮功能,降低血清蛋白酶分子的含量,用药安全。     

通心络胶囊联合阿托伐他汀及氯吡格雷治疗冠心病心绞痛临床研究

目的:观察通心络胶囊联合阿托伐他汀、氯吡格雷治疗冠心病心绞痛的临床疗效。方法:选取84例冠心病心绞痛患者,按随机数字表法分为观察组与对照组,对照组40例给予阿托伐他汀联合氯吡格雷治疗,观察组44例在对照组基础上给予通心络胶囊治疗,3个月后比较2组临床疗效。结果:观察组总有效率(93.18%)显著高于对照组(70.00%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗前,2组心绞痛的持续时间、心绞痛发作次数、心功能指标、血管内皮功能指标比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗后,2组心绞痛持续时间、心绞痛发作次数较治疗前明显降低,观察组心绞痛持续时间、心绞痛发作次数显著低于对照组(P<0.05);2组心功能指标包括心输出量(CO)、心博出量(SV)、心脏指数(CI)及射血分数(EF)均较治疗前明显上升,且观察组各项心功能指标明显高于对照组(P<0.05);2组内皮功能指标内皮素(ET)、血栓素B2(TXB2)水平较治疗前明显降低,一氧化氮(NO)水平较治疗前明显上升(P<0.05),观察组ET、TXB2水平明显低于对照组,NO水平明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:对冠心病心绞痛患者给予通心络胶囊联合阿托伐他汀、氯吡格雷治疗疗效显著,可有效降低心绞痛持续时间和发作次数,改善患者心功能和内皮功能,值得临床推广应用。     

Coenzyme Q10 supplementation improves acute outcomes of stroke in rats pretreated with atorvastatin

Objectives: Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10, ubiquinone) stands among the safest supplements in the elderly to protect against cardiovascular disorders. Noteworthy, CoQ10 deficiency is common in many surviving stroke patients as they are mostly prescribed statins for the secondary prevention of stroke incidence lifelong. Accordingly, the current study aims to experimentally examine whether CoQ10 supplementation in animals receiving atorvastatin may affect acute stroke-induced injury.

Methods: Adult rats underwent transient middle cerebral artery occlusion after atorvastatin pretreatment (5 or 10 mg/ kg/day; po; 30 days) with or without CoQ10 (200 mg/kg/day). After 24 hours ischemic/reperfusion injury, animals were subjected to functional assessments followed by cerebral molecular and histological to detect inflammation, apoptosis and oxidative stress.

Results: Animals dosed with 10 mg/kg presented the worst neurological function and brain damage in the acute phase of stroke injury. CoQ10 supplementation efficiently improved functional deficit and cerebral infarction in all stroke animals, particularly those exhibiting statin toxicity. Such benefits were associated with remarkable anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects, based on the analyzed tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, Bax/Bcl2 and cleaved caspase 3/9 immunoblots. Importantly, our fluoro-jade staining data indicated CoQ10 may revert the stroke-induced neurodegeneration. No parallel alteration was detected in stroke-induced oxidative stress as determined by malondialdehyde and 8-oxo-2′-deoxyguanosine levels.

Discussion: These data suggest that all stroke animals may benefit from CoQ10 administration through modulating inflammatory and degenerative pathways. This study provides empirical evidence for potential advantages of CoQ10 supplementation in atorvastatin-receiving patients which may not shadow its antioxidant properties.     

阿托伐他汀对心肌梗死后大鼠基质金属蛋白酶-2及微小RNA-21的作用

目的 观察阿托伐他汀对心肌梗死后大鼠基质金属蛋白酶(MMP)-2、微小RNA(miRNA,miR)-21表达的影响.方法 选取140只Wistar大鼠建立急性心肌梗死模型,分为假手术组、对照组、阿托伐他汀低剂量组和高剂量组,进行左室重量指数、心肌胶原容积分数、miRNA-21及MMP-2 mRNA表达测定.结果 阿托伐他汀治疗组左室重量指数、心肌胶原容积分数、梗死周边区miR-21 、MMP-2 mRNA的表达均降低(P＜0.05);各组梗死周边区miR-21表达量与MMP-2 mRNA水平呈正相关(r对照组=0.611,P＜0.05;r阿托伐他汀低剂量组=0.502,P＜0.05;r阿托伐他汀低剂量组=0.541,P＜0.05).结论 阿托伐他汀能降低梗死周边区MMP-2和miR-21的表达,发挥减轻心室重构的作用.     

HSP22在高脂致动脉粥样硬化病变中的作用及对他汀干预的影响

目的:研究热休克蛋白22(heat shock protein 22,HSP22)在高脂饮食诱导的小鼠动脉粥样硬化(atherosclerosis,AS)病变中的作用,及其对阿托伐他汀(atorvastatin,Ator)干预的影响。方法:8~9周龄Apo E~(-/-)和HSP22~(-/-)Apo E~(-/-)和HSP22+Apo E~(-/-)雄性小鼠各18只,每种小鼠分为2个亚组,分别为对照组与他汀干预组(Ator组),HSP22~(-/-)组(KO组)与HSP22~(-/-)他汀干预组(KO+Ator组)及HSP22~+组(Tg组)与HSP22~+他汀干预组(Tg+Ator组),各干预组从第5周开始给予Ator(10 mg·kg~(-1)·d~(-1))干预,各对照组给予等量生理盐水,共饲养13周。采用油红O及苏木精-伊红(hematoxylin-eosin,HE)染色法观察AS病变程度,免疫组化法、Western blot法和ELISA法检测主动脉和血清中HSP22、NF-κB、eNOS、ICAM-1及IL-6的表达。结果:油红O及HE染色示Tg组主动脉斑块相对面积低于KO组(P0.05)。KO组的血清和主动脉中HSP22的蛋白表达显著低于对照组和Tg组,对照组显著低于Tg组。Tg组及对照组的主动脉eNOS蛋白的表达显著高于KO组。对照组的主动脉NF-κB及ICAM-1蛋白表达较KO组显著降低,较Tg组显著升高。对照组、KO组及Tg组血清IL-6水平的差异无统计学显著性。结论:HSP22基因缺失可上调NF-κB和ICAM-1的表达,降低eNOS的表达,加速AS的进展;HSP22基因过表达可降低NF-κB和ICAM-1的表达,从而改善AS。HSP22基因缺失部分限制了他汀下调NF-κB和ICAM-1及上调eNOS表达的作用;其过表达可促进他汀下调ICAM-1表达,进一步改善AS。     

Factorial study of the effects of atorvastatin and fish oil on dyslipidaemia in visceral obesity

BACKGROUND: Dyslipidaemia may account for increased risk of cardiovascular disease in central obesity. Pharmacotherapy is often indicated in these patients, but the optimal approach remains unclear. We investigated the effects of atorvastatin and fish oil on plasma lipid and lipoprotein levels, including remnant-like particle-cholesterol and apolipoprotein C-III, in dyslipidaemic men with visceral obesity. METHODS: We carried out a 6-week randomized, placebo-controlled, 2 x 2 factorial intervention study of atorvastatin (40 mg day(-1)) and fish oil (4 g day(-1)) on plasma lipids and lipoproteins in 52 obese men (age 53 +/- 1 years, BMI 33.7 +/- 0.55 kg m(-2)) with dyslipidaemia and insulin resistance. Treatment effects were analysed by general linear modelling. RESULTS: Atorvastatin had significant main effects in decreasing triglycerides (-0.38 +/- 0.02 mmol L(-1), P = 0.002), total cholesterol (-1.89 +/- 0.17 mmol L(-1), P = 0.001), LDL-cholesterol (-1.78 +/- 0.14 mmol L(-1), P = 0.001), remnant-like particle-cholesterol (-0.08 +/- 0.04 mmol L(-1), P = 0.035), apolipoprotein B (-49 +/- 4 mg dL(-1), P = 0.001), apolipoprotein C-III (-12.6 +/- 6.1 mg L(-1), P = 0.044) and in increasing HDL-cholesterol (+0.10 +/0- 0.04 mmol L(-1), P = 0.007). Fish oil had significant main effects in decreasing triglycerides (-0.38 +/- 0.11 mmol L(-1), P = 0.002) and in increasing HDL-cholesterol (+0.07 +/- 0.04 mmol L(-1), P = 0.041). There were no significant changes in weight or insulin resistance during the study. CONCLUSIONS: Atorvastatin and fish oil have independent and additive effects in correcting dyslipidaemia in viscerally obese men. Improvement in abnormalities in remnant lipoproteins may occur only with use of atorvastatin. Combination treatment with statin and fish oil may, however, offer an optimal therapeutic approach for globally correcting dyslipidaemia in obesity.     

阿托伐他汀联合阿司匹林治疗下肢动脉粥样硬化研究

目的：观察阿托伐他汀联合阿司匹林治疗下肢动脉粥样硬化的临床效果。方法：选取下肢动脉粥样硬化患者100例随机分为观察组与对照组,每组50例。对照组采用阿司匹林治疗,观察组采用阿托伐他汀联合阿司匹林治疗,连续治疗2个月后观察两组治疗效果。结果：观察组血黏度、血细胞比容、纤维蛋白原等指标均明显低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）;观察组与对照组治疗有效率分别为92.0%、76.0%,差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论：阿托伐他汀联合阿司匹林治疗下肢动脉粥样硬化效果明显优于阿司匹林,是临床防治下肢动脉粥样硬化的有效治疗方案。     

丁苯酞、阿托伐他汀联合阿司匹林治疗缺血性脑卒中疗效观察

摘 要 目的:观察丁苯酞、阿托伐他汀联合阿司匹林治疗缺血性脑卒中的疗效。方法：72例缺血性脑卒中患者随机分成观察组和对照组各36例,对照组采用阿托伐他汀片与阿司匹林肠溶片治疗,观察组采用丁苯酞软胶囊、阿托伐他汀片与阿司匹林肠溶片联合治疗,均连续治疗30 d。比较两组患者神经功能改善情况、临床疗效和血脂指标变化。结果：治疗后,两组独立活动能力分级均较治疗前有显著改变（P<0.05）,但两组间比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。观察组总有效率为97.22%;对照组总有效率为91.67%,两组比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。治疗后,两组患者TG、TC、LDL水平均下降（P<0.05）,而HDL水平上升（P<0.05）,组间比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。治疗后两组患者NIHSS评分较前显著下降（P<0.05）,但两组间差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。两组药品不良反应发生率比较,差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论：丁苯酞联合阿托伐他汀与阿司匹林治疗缺血性脑卒中能显著改善患者的NIHSS评分、独立生活能力和血脂水平,总有效率略高于阿托伐他汀与阿司匹林联合治疗,但差异无统计学意义,且不增加药品不良反应,其临床疗效有待进一步深入研究。     

1例冠心病伴2型糖尿病患者服用阿托伐他汀钙引发的思考

通过考察1例冠心病伴2型糖尿病患者服用他汀类药物治疗效果,研究阿托伐他汀在糖尿病患者中使用的合理性。患者入院时饭后血糖高达14.76 mmol/L,血糖监控表显示患者在22日中餐前,23日早餐、中餐前血糖均跃7 mmol/L,患者空腹血糖控制不佳,23日临床药师与医生查房建议患者加大甘精胰岛素用量,晚上皮下注射甘精胰岛素加至20 U,24日晚餐前后血糖仍跃7 mmol/L,血糖控制不佳。由此可知,本例患者应用他汀药物可能会导致患者血糖异常,但相对心血管不良风险,本例使用阿托伐他汀是合理的。