Biological Activity and Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitors from Scirpus californicus (C. A. Mey.) Steud.

The methanol extract of the rhizomes of Scirpus californicus (Cyperaceae) inhibited the enzyme xanthine oxidase (XO) in vitro . Bioassay-guided isolation led to piceatannol, scirpusin A and scirpusin B as the main XO inhibitors of S. californicus. Piceatannol, scirpusin A and B were mixed-type inhibitors of the XO with K _i values of 1.1×10⁻⁴, 6×10⁻⁴ and 5×10⁻⁵ M , respectively. The extract and above mentioned compounds were marginally active as hypotensors when tested in normotensive rats at 2.5 mg/kg and were inactive towards the DNA binding assay in vitro.     

Chemical constituents from the tubers of Scirpus yagara and their anti-inflammatory activities

A new natural compound, dehydrophyllodulcin (1) was isolated from the tubers of Scirpus yagara, together with 11 known compounds. Among them, compounds 2, 5–8, and 10–12 were isolated from this plant for the first time. ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, and 2D NMR data of compound 1 are first reported in this article, though it was synthesized in 1996. The structures of all compounds were determined by comprehensive analyses of their spectroscopic data and compared with literature information. Moreover, the anti-inflammatory effects of compounds 1, 3, 4, 6, and 9 against inflammatory cytokines production in Lipopolysaccharide – or Pam3csk4-stimulated macrophage RAW264.7 cells were evaluated by Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. And these compounds significantly inhibited the tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6 productions in RAW264.7 cells, with IC₅₀ values less than 20 μM.     

荆三棱化学成分研究（Ⅰ）

目的对荆三棱Scirpusyagara根茎进行化学成分研究。方法利用硅胶柱色谱、反相ODS柱色谱等方法分离和精制，通过理化性质和波谱分析等方法对分离得到的化合物进行结构鉴定。结果分离得到7个化合物，分别鉴定为白桦脂醇（Ⅰ）、木犀草素（Ⅱ）、槲皮素（Ⅲ）、白藜芦醇（Ⅳ）、白皮杉醇（Ⅴ）、荆三棱素A（Ⅵ）和荆三棱素B（Ⅵ）。结论化合物Ⅱ和Ⅲ为首次从该种植物中分离得到。     

水葱化学成分研究

目的研究水葱Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani根茎的化学成分。方法采用硅胶、聚酰胺、ODS、Sephadex LH-20等柱色谱进行分离纯化,根据理化性质及核磁共振波谱数据鉴定化合物的结构。结果从水葱根茎水提取物中分离得到12个化合物,分别鉴定为5,7,2′,4′-四羟基-3,5′-二甲氧基黄酮(1)、苜蓿素(2)、橙皮素(3)、槲皮素(4)、木犀草素(5)、圣草素(6)、芹菜素(7)、柚皮素(8)、白杨素(9)、5,7-二羟基色原酮(10)、儿茶素(11)、苜蓿素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(12)。结论化合物1为新化合物,命名为水葱素;化合物2～5、7～12为首次从莎草科植物中分离得到,化合物6为首次从藨草属植物中分离得到。