Kathon® CG reactivity in 1396 consecutively patch tested patients in the Copenhagen area

In 1396 consecutively patch tested patients 18 (1.3%) reacted to Kathon CG. Relevance was established in 4 of the 18 patients. The frequency of positive reactions to Kathon CG in eczema patients seems to have been stable in Denmark during the period 1983 to 1988.     

“Do You Have a Healthy Smile?”

This article examines whether cosmetic interventions by dentists and plastic surgeons are medically indicated and, hence, qualify as medical interventions proper. Cosmetic interventions (and the business strategies used to market them) are often frowned upon by dentists and physicians. However, if those interventions do not qualify as medical interventions proper, they should not be evaluated using medical-ethical norms. On the other hand, if they are to be considered medical practice proper, the medical-ethical principles of nonmaleficence, beneficence, justice and others hold true for cosmetic interventions as much as they do for other medical and dental interventions. It is concluded that most cosmetic interventions do not qualify as medical interventions proper because they do not restore or maintain the patient's health (defined as the patient's integrity) by any objective standards. Rather, cosmetic interventions are intended to enhance a person's physical appearance; more specifically, they intend to fulfill the client's subjective perception of an enhanced appearance. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

美白化妆品卫生安全及功效评价

美白化妆品越来越被人们所重视,其安全性和功效性评价已成为消费者和生产厂家所关注的重点。本文从科学角度介绍了美白化妆品的美白原理,美白成分及其卫生安全评价,以及国内外对美白化妆品功效评价的进展情况,包括美白活性成分的仪器分析法、功效评价的体外细胞法、动物试验法和人体皮肤试验仪器测试法等。同时展望了美白化妆品的未来发展趋势,为我国美白化妆品事业的发展提供参考。     

化妆品过敏的检测和评价

随着化妆品的广泛使用,化妆品过敏的现象也越来越普遍,受到人们的高度关注。作者对化妆品过敏的原因、化妆品过敏的分类和特点做了简要介绍,而对国内外化妆品过敏的非动物检测和评价方法做了重点介绍,主要包括皮肤斑贴试验、体外皮肤模型试验、角质层水分含量试验、皮肤屏障功能试验、皮肤红斑指数测试、皮肤其它生理指数测试等,并针对化妆品过敏的种种现象,对我国化妆品过敏防治的未来发展趋势做了展望,为我国化妆品事业的健康发展提供技术参考。     

化妆品毒理学试验方法的标准比对

化妆品行业的快速发展离不开标准化的技术支撑，标准化对于推动技术进步、规范市场秩序、促进国际贸易起到重要的作用。本文对毒理学试验方法中的急性经皮毒性试验、亚慢性经皮毒性试验、致畸试验的国内外相关标准进行梳理和比对，分析目前标准存在的具体问题并提出建议。     

比马前列素用于睫毛增长的安全风险探讨

目的 探讨比马前列素用于睫毛增长的安全风险。方法 针对比马前列素的理化性质、药理作用和药动学、临床应用、不良反应、化妆品监管政策等方面进行梳理分析，为监管工作提供理论依据。结果 比马前列素是一种人工合成的前列腺素类似物——前列腺素F_2α类似物，可以有效降低眼压和促进毛发增长。其消除半衰期为45 min，主要通过尿液排泄。FDA孕期评级为C级，可能对胎儿有不利影响；上市后不良反应主要包括眼睛充血、眼睑红斑、眼刺激等，其安全性有必要进行进一步评估；不符合中国化妆品的定义和规定的功效宣称，欧盟和加拿大禁止比马前列素等药物成分用于化妆品，美国将其作为药品管理。结论 为了保证化妆品质量安全，规范和促进行业健康发展，建议中国监管部门跟踪关注比马前列素等前列腺素类似物的使用安全性，必要时调整管理措施。     

An Elective Course on Dermatological Topics and Cosmeceutical Compounding

Objective. To implement and assess a pharmacy dermatology and cosmeceutical compounding elective course and its impact on graduates’ careers.Design. A 3-credit elective course that incorporated classroom lectures on ambulatory dermatologic diseases and cosmeceutical products with case studies, weekly quizzes, and a comprehensive business plan project was implemented in a doctor of pharmacy (PharmD) program in 2010.Assessment. Assessment instruments including weekly quizzes, a business plan project, and pre- and post-course tests were used to evaluate course content. Across 3 offerings of the course (2010, 2011, 2012), pre- and post-course test scores improved. Results of a postgraduate survey showed that 54% of respondents worked at a pharmacy offering compounding services, and 57% felt that the course played a significant or very significant role in their counseling on dermatologic conditions.Conclusions. Assessment methods revealed student learning of course content and the course appeared moderately beneficial to graduates’ early careers. A more longitudinal analysis is needed to assess the course’s impact on long-term career choices, particularly those dealing with compounding of cosmeceutical products.