一氧化氮在颌面部枪弹伤软组织创伤修复过程中的作用

一氧化氮在颌面部枪弹伤软组织创伤修复过程中的作用朱晓天１周树夏１李江２（１第四军医大学口腔医学院颌面外科教研室西安７１００３３２第四军医大学病理学教研室）关键词颌面部伤火器伤一氧化氮一氧化氮合酶中图号Ｒ７８２．４；Ｒ８２８．８ＮＯ是一个小分子内源性活...     

腹部火器伤的治疗原则

腹部火器伤（主要由枪弹和弹片所致的开放伤）占腹部成伤的94％。据统计腹部穿透伤的死亡率17．5％，术后并发症发生率76．2％，再手术率24．2％。     

胸腹壁软组织火器伤伴内脏损伤二例报告

一个看来处理简单的由枪弹所致的胸腹壁火器伤，也可能发现远隔内脏受到损伤。现报告二例。     

不同湿热环境下颅脑火器伤死亡因素分析

目的　研究高温高湿环境下颅脑火器伤后生命体征变化特点及死亡因素。　方法　杂种猫 3 2只随机分为 4组 ,火器伤后分别放入A (2 5℃、相对湿度 50 % )、B (3 5℃、相对湿度85% )、C(3 8℃、相对湿度 90 % )、D(40℃、相对湿度 95% )四种环境中。每隔 10min记录一次血压、脉搏、呼吸频率及体温 ,到 6h时结束实验。　结果　常温枪伤组实验过程中生命体征稳定 ,随着温度及湿度的增加 ,各组动物相同时相点的体温、呼吸及心率均明显不同 (P <0 .0 5)。A组、B组动物在伤后 6h内均无死亡。C组 1.5h开始死亡 ,至 5h动物全部死亡 ,平均生存时间为 3 .4h。D组 0 .5h开始死亡 ,至 2 .5h动物全部死亡 ,平均生存时间为 2 .0h。　结论　高温高湿环境对颅脑火器伤时的生命体征变化和死亡率影响显著     

犬海水中火器伤后早期血流动力学变化

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the hemodynamic changes in the early stages of gunshot wound of dogs in seawater for exploring early treatment protocol. METHOD: Fourteen conventional Beagles models undergoing gunshot wound in seawater were used along with another 2 dogs receiving the wound on land to serve as control. After the dogs were rescued from the seawater, the respiration (R), heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), central venous pressure (CVP), pulmonary arterial wedge pressure (PAWP), and cardiac output (CO) were measured continuously in the early stages of the wound (53.62+/-12.19 min following injury), followed by statistical analysis of the results. RESULTS: Compared with the control group, the hemodynamic disturbance of the dogs receiving the wound in seawater was relatively severe during the first 15 min of the wound. The mortality tended to descend relevant to the position of the wounds, in the order of the head, chest, abdomen and limbs. CONCLUSIONS: Gunshot wound in seawater may cause severe hemodynamic changes, resulting in progressive dysfunction of circulation and high mortality rate. Early treatment should be targeted at hemodynamic stabilization in accordance to the characteristic changes during the early stages of the wound.     

高温高湿环境下颅脑火器伤亚低温治疗的实验研究

目的 观察早期亚低温治疗高温高湿环境下犬颅脑火器伤的疗效。方法 选杂种犬60只，制作出高温高湿环境下（气温39°C±0．5℃．相对湿度80％-85％）颅脑火器伤的动物模型，随机分为亚低温组和对照组，每组30只犬。亚低温组在术中采用静脉内输入1．2℃±0．34℃冷冻生理盐水．输液量为体重的5％，术后采用降温毯降温，体温控制在33～35℃，持续48h。对照组按常规治疗。Powlab／8SP生理记录仪动态监测生命体征变化和记录两组动物的生存率，分析比较二组的治疗结果。结果 亚低温组动物生命体征平稳，死亡率40％（12／30）；对照组动物生命体征紊乱，死亡率70％（21／30），两组死亡率差异显著（P〈0．05）。结论 早期亚低温治疗高温高湿环境下颅脑火器伤可以降低动物的死亡率。