e-PTFE与Bioglass结合修复重建下颌骨缺损的实验研究

目的通过动物实验,观察膜引导组织再生术(MGTR)与生物活性材料结合修复重建下颌骨骨缺损的效果.方法手术制备下颌骨标准骨缺损不愈合模型,将膨体聚四氟乙烯膜(e-PTFE)与Bioglass结合修复下颌骨缺损.结果实验组(e-PTFE-Bioglass)与对照组(e-PTFE)在术后各时点2、4、8、12w新生骨形成量有显著差异(P＜0.05).结论MGTR与Bioglass结合修复重建下颌骨骨缺损,术后成骨早,术后12w似正常骨质,为进一步临床应用提供实验依据.     

含氟涂漆与CPP-ACP或生物活性玻璃对根龋的作用评价

目的：体外研究含氟涂漆与酪蛋白磷酸肽-非结晶型磷酸钙(casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate,CPP-ACP)或生物玻璃对根龋的作用。方法：选择2017年4月—2018年10月北京大学人民医院口腔科收集的84颗活动性根龋牙,随机分为A、B、C、D组,每组均21颗牙,4组均给予含氟牙膏刷牙,B组增加含5%氟化钠的涂漆,C组增加含5%氟化钠+CPP-ACP的涂漆,D组增加含5%氟化钠+生物活性玻璃的涂漆。观察涂漆前、后各组根龋严重程度、表面粗糙度、矿物质浓度。采用SPSS 23.0软件包分析根龋严重程度与表面粗糙度的相关性。结果：B、C、D组涂漆50 d后硬度显著高于涂漆前及A组（P<0.05）;C、D组涂漆50 d后硬度显著高于B组（P<0.05）;D组涂漆50 d后硬度显著高于C组（P<0.05）。涂漆7 d后,B、C组表面粗糙度评分均显著高于A、D组（P<0.05）;涂漆14 d后,B组表面粗糙度评分均显著高于A、C、D组（P<0.05）;涂漆50 d后,D组表面粗糙度评分显著高于B、C组（P<0.05）。A组根龋严重程度评分与表面粗糙度呈负相关（P<0.05）。各组涂漆50 d后矿物质浓度均显著高于涂漆前（P<0.05）。结论：含氟化物+CPP-ACP或生物活性玻璃涂漆均具有显著阻止根龋的作用,生物活性玻璃较CPP-ACP更稳定,提高牙表面矿物质浓度效果更好。     

The effects of a novel Bioglass dentifrice on dentine sensitivity: a scanning electron microscopy investigation

Dentine sensitivity (DS) is a common condition which affects 8-35% of the population. Both In-Office and Over-the-Counter products have been used in treatment, usually occluding open dentine tubules on the exposed root surface. Currently there appears to be no ideal material which permanently occludes dentine tubules. Bioactive and biocompatible glasses are known to induce osteogenesis in physiological systems and may offer suitable materials for surface reactivity which could theoretically occlude tubules. A new dentifrice formulation containing a modified Bioglass material replacing part of the abrasive silica component was compared with original 45S6 bioactive glass. Dentine discs were treated with original Bioglass, three coded dentifrices containing 0, 2.5 and 7.5% Bioglass and two further selected dentifrice products. These specimens were prepared for scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and viewed in a Cambridge stereoscan 90B. The results demonstrated that original bioactive glass particles covered the dentine surface and/or occluded dentine tubules, although this original formulation was easily dislodged. Dentifrice with different ratios of added Bioglass was assessed to provide greater surface coverage and tubule occlusion than without Bioglass. It was concluded that the inclusion of bioactive glass particles in a suitably formulated vehicle may be an effective agent for the treatment of dentine sensitivity.     

人体硬组织替代材料表面键合白蛋白方法的研究

采用BrCN活化法。探讨了在羟基磷灰石(HA)、生物玻璃陶瓷(BGC)和羟基聚磷酸钙钠(HP)表面结合白蛋白的条件。结果表明，在一定条件下羟基聚磷酸钙钠可以和白蛋白形成共价键结合，而BGC和HA则难以形成这种结合。     

Bioglass reconstruction of posterior meatal wall after canal wall down mastoidectomy

Background

Canal wall down (CWD) mastoidectomy has many drawbacks including chronic otorrhea, granulations, dizziness on exposure to cold or hot water and tendency of debris accumulation in the mastoid cavity demanding periodic cleaning. Many of these problems can be solved by reconstruction of the posterior meatal wall (PMW).

人牙髓细胞在3种生物活性支架上的生长能力

目的：观察人牙髓细胞（human dental pulp cells,hDPCs）在生物活性支架上的增殖及分化情况。方法：采用酶消化法培养hDPCs,传至第4代用于实验。用免疫组织化学法鉴定细胞并测定细胞基质前体细胞抗原-1（stromal precursor antigen-1, STRO-1）表达率。实验使用3种支架,包括胶原（collagen, COL）支架、胶原-生物活性玻璃(collagen-bioglass, COL-BG)支架及胶原-生物活性玻璃-聚己内酯(collagen-bioglass-polycaprolacton, COL-BG-PCL)支架。将hDPCs植入支架,采用MTT法于6 h、1 d、3 d、5 d、7 d、14 d和21 d测定hDPCs增殖,在14 d进行碱性磷酸酶染色。结果：实验所用hDPCs中含有STRO-1阳性细胞;hDPCs在COL-BG支架及COL-BG-PCL支架上的增殖显著高于COL支架（P＜0.05）,尤其在14 d和21 d COL-BG支架及COL-BG-PCL支架的光密度值是COL支架的5倍;COL-BG支架及COL-BG-PCL支架上的碱性磷酸酶染色区明显较COL支架广泛。结论：hDPCs在COL-BG支架及COL-BG-PCL支架上增殖和分化活跃,优于传统的COL支架。     

Complications arising from clinical application of composite polycaprolactone/bioactive glass ceramic implants for craniofacial reconstruction: A prospective study

This study aimed to demonstrate the in vitro performance of a novel polymer-ceramic composite incorporating polycaprolactone (PCL) and bioactive glass (BGS-7), and investigate its clinical outcomes in craniofacial reconstruction. After preparation of the material, the biochemical properties of the composite PCL/BGS-7 implant were tested to evaluate apatite formation in simulated body fluid (SBF). Changes in the implant surface after soaking in the SBF were determined using field-emission scanning electron microscopy. For clinical application of the implant, patients with craniofacial defects were prospectively enrolled to receive three-dimensional (3D)-printed PCL/BGS-7 implants. Clinical outcomes were investigated by reviewing postoperative complications, including wound problems, allergic responses, hematoma, seroma, implant displacement, and bone union. The accuracy of reconstruction was assessed by measuring the surface error between the reconstructed and mirrored models. Upon exposure of the PCL/BGS-7 implant to SBF, apatite particles were actively developed on the surface of the PCL/BGS-7 sample, showing favorable bone-binding capacity. Regarding the clinical application, seven patients with craniofacial defects were included. The clinical outcome was favorable in terms of complications, except in one patient, who presented with delayed wound healing due to previous irradiation. The patients showed improvements in symmetry, with a significant change in mean ± SD surface error between preoperative (5 ± 3 mm) and postoperative (1.5 ± 0.65 mm) status (p = 0.018). Wthin the limitations of the study it seems that the PCL/BGS-7 implants might be a relevant option for repairing craniofacial bone defects, owing to its favorable bone-binding property and clinical safety, with few complications.     

倍骼生与羟基磷灰石在牙槽骨修复中的效果比较

目的：观察比较倍骼生（bioglass)与羟基磷灰石（HA）在牙槽骨修复中的效果，为临床上人工骨材料的选择和使用提供实验依据，方法：将24只成年家兔随机分成2组，纵行劈开其一侧下颌骨下缘形成牙槽骨缺损模型，分别植入倍骼生和HA，术后4，8，12周时取术区标本行大体观察，放射检查和组织学检查。得出骨修复的速度和质量结果。结果：Bioglass与HA均可修复牙槽骨缺损，bioglass组诱导新骨形成的速度和质量均优于HA组，结论：Bioglass是一种比HA更理想的骨修复材料。     

生物玻璃-羟基磷灰石陶瓷人工骨的动物实验研究

通过49只家兔对生物玻璃-羟基磷灰石陶瓷(简称BGHC)人工骨进行了急性毒性试验、溶血试验、皮肤刺激试验、组织埋植试验及人工骨与自体骨移植修复下颌骨骨缺损的对比性动物实验研究,结果证明BGHC人工骨复合材料为无毒、无溶血、无刺激性、组织相容性良好,具有诱导成骨能力,移植后与自体骨移植修复骨缺损相似,为骨性结合,无排斥反应,一切生物相容性能良好。BGHC为一种理想的骨代用品,为临床应用提供了可靠的依据。     

表面梯度涂层纯钛植入体骨结合和骨诱导能力的动物实验研究

目的：观察纯钛植入体表面用低温烧结技术生成羟基磷灰石/生物玻璃( nHA/BG)梯度涂层植入动物体内的骨结合和骨诱导能力。方法：将nHA/BG按比例混合,应用低温烧结技术在圆柱形纯钛植入体表面形成梯度涂层,模拟体液浸泡后产生活性纳米结构。将梯度涂层实验植入体和纯钛对照植入体分别植入12只新西兰兔股骨髁。术后不同时间行X线摄片,切取标本;硬组织切片,用四环素荧光标记观察植入体周围新生骨形成量;苦味酸-品红染色观察植入体-骨界面骨沉积和结合情况。结果：低温烧结和模拟体液浸泡制备的nHA/BG梯度涂层为纳米化多孔粗糙结构,动物实验示,梯度涂层植入体与周围新生骨明显增多,骨整合良好。结论：梯度涂层和模拟体液浸泡制备的植入体涂层有良好的骨结合和骨诱导能力。