“六气为一气”及其文化内涵

从文理、医理以及文化内涵多角度剖析《灵枢·决气》所载"六气为一气"的思想内涵。精、气、津、液、血、脉"六气"为人体之基础,然同源于"一气",其功能体现了阴阳互根互用。"六气为一气"观的文化内涵包括三个方面:一是在中国古代地理、社会、政治、哲学文化大环境下,其思维方式以"尚同""求一"为根本;二是万物为"一气"的哲学思维,即"气一元论";三是"气一元论"的延伸即"整体思维",正是中国古代文化"同源"思想的体现。     

半夏秫米汤历代方证演变

方证对应是中医临床实用的论治方法,研究以半夏秫米汤为基础方的方证在后世的演变,对于认识中医方证发展历史、掌握方证演变规律,乃至中医理论传承创新,均有指导意义。半夏秫米汤的源流变化有一条比较清晰的线路,后代在前代的基础上接力式地递进发展。该方的药味组成变化由晋代到明代较原方增加,清代又回归原方再创造;其主治范围也随之变化、拓展,由单纯的不寐到多种睡眠障碍再到精神变化,方随证变;其病机认识亦不断丰富,由阳不入阴到胆腑病机、中焦病机变化,体现了中医理论基于方证实用为特征的发展规律,对半夏秫米汤的病机认识也不断丰富,逐渐精准。     

眉弓轮廓过突改形术

目的 介绍眉弓轮廓过突的改形方法。方法 采用头皮冠状切口，以微型来复锯将前额骨过突部外板截除，并磨改重塑眶上嵴和眶外侧缘，临床应用共16例。结果 16例均获满意效果，12例求术者随访3～12个月，无复发和骨质增生。眉弓前突消失，前额角、鼻额角正常，前额-鼻曲线流畅。结论 该手术方法不仅简单、可靠、安全，而且眉弓轮廓改善明显。     

氯普鲁卡因与利多卡因用于硬膜外阻滞的比较

目的比较氯普鲁卡因与利多卡因用于硬膜外阻滞的效果. 方法将40例拟在硬膜外麻醉下施行下腹部、盆腔部择期手术的妇产科患者,随机分入氯普鲁卡因组和利多卡因组各20例.行硬膜外穿刺置管,分别注入2%氯普鲁卡因5ml或2%利多卡因5ml.5min后,如无全脊麻现象,再予2%氯普鲁卡因或2%利多卡因10ml,观察心率、血压、呼吸次数和氧饱和度及阻滞起效时间、痛觉消失与持续时间、硬膜外阻滞范围. 结果利多卡因组麻醉起效时间为4.13±1.51min,痛觉消失时间为10.27±2.31min.氯普鲁卡因组分别为2.00±0.65min和7.76±1.95min(P均< 0.01),麻醉持续时间:利多卡因组为47.27±11.82min,氯普鲁卡因组为52.00±8.40min(P<0.05).两组阻滞范围相同.用药后10、30、60min,利多卡因组收缩压均显著低于用药前(P<0.01),氯普鲁卡因组仅在用药后10min低于用药前水平(P<0.05). 结论氯普鲁卡因用于妇产科硬膜外阻滞麻醉较利多卡因起效快,痛觉完全消失快.在阻滞范围和持续时间上二者无显著差异.     

老年患者腹腔镜结直肠手术的安全性研究

Objective To compare the outcomes of laparoscopic colorectal surgery in elderly (≥ 70 years) and younger (< 70 years) patients, and to evaluate the safety of laparoscopic colorectal surgery in elderly. Methods From Aug. 2007 to Dec. 2007, 25 patients with colorectal cancer undergone laparoscopic colorectal surgery were studied prospectively. Ten patients aged 70 years or older (Elder Group), and 15 patients less than 70 years (Younger Group). The parameters of perioperative hemodynamics, blood chemistry, and intraabdominal organs perfusion were recorded periodically during operation and compared between the two groups. Results Elder group had a higher ASA degree (P<0.01). Mean age, height, weight, the classification of the disease, operative time, blood loss and complication were not significantly different between the two groups. The HCO3 value and PaCO2 value increased significantly intraoperatively, while the pH value decreased significantly. These parameters returned to basal line at the end of operation, with the decreased electrolytes, especially the kaliopenia and hypocalcemia. The CVP increased significantly at the beginning of operation and after fluid expansion, and decreased postoperatively. Gastric mucosal pH(pHi) decreased when the operation began. The partial pressure of gastric mucesa (PgCO2) increased significantly at the end of operation.Other parameters of hemodynamics including HR, CI, and SI were not significantly different during operation. The CVP of elder group was higher than that of younger group at 5 min after the beginning of the operation, while the MAP of elder group was lower than that of younger at 15 min after the end of the operation. Other parameters of hemodynamics including oxygenation, pedusion, and blood chemistry were not significantly different. Conclusions For laparoscopic colorectal surgery, no significant adverse response attributes to elderly patients. The compensation capacity of the elderly is lower. With the reasonable anesthesia administration, the adverse response can be controlled effectively.     

丙泊酚TCI与异氟醚复合麻醉对腹腔镜术后恢复的影响

目的研究丙泊酚TCI全凭静脉麻醉与异氟醚静吸复合麻醉对腹腔镜胆囊切除术后苏醒速度及PONV的影响.方法 90例择期行腹腔镜胆囊切除术的患者,ASAⅠ-Ⅱ级,随机分成丙泊酚TCI组(Ⅰ组)和异氟醚静吸复合组(Ⅱ组),均以丙泊酚-芬太尼-阿曲库铵诱导,插管后Ⅰ组以丙泊酚TCI维持麻醉至缝皮前,靶浓度为3 μg/mL,Ⅱ组持续吸入2%异氟醚(氧流量为2 L/min)至缝皮前,关闭吸入麻醉后使用回路内麻醉气体吸附器促进苏醒.术中按需追加芬太尼与阿曲库铵.两组病人分别记录:术前,术中1、5、10 min及术后MAP和HR;麻醉停止至拔管的时间以及清醒、定向力恢复的时间;麻醉用药量及术后d1随访有无恶心呕吐(PONV).结果Ⅰ组各时段MAP及HR与Ⅱ组间无显著差异,同组各时段MAP及HR除术始后1 min有所下降(P<0.05)外,其余也无显著差异.Ⅰ组麻醉停止至拔管时间、清醒及定向力恢复时间明显短于Ⅱ组,术后PONV发生率也明显低于Ⅱ组(均P<0.05).结论丙泊酚TCI全凭静脉麻醉用于腹腔镜之短小手术,与异氟醚静吸复合麻醉相比有苏醒快和术后PONV发生率低的优点.     

老年患者腹腔镜结直肠手术的安全性研究

Objective To compare the outcomes of laparoscopic colorectal surgery in elderly (≥ 70 years) and younger (< 70 years) patients, and to evaluate the safety of laparoscopic colorectal surgery in elderly. Methods From Aug. 2007 to Dec. 2007, 25 patients with colorectal cancer undergone laparoscopic colorectal surgery were studied prospectively. Ten patients aged 70 years or older (Elder Group), and 15 patients less than 70 years (Younger Group). The parameters of perioperative hemodynamics, blood chemistry, and intraabdominal organs perfusion were recorded periodically during operation and compared between the two groups. Results Elder group had a higher ASA degree (P<0.01). Mean age, height, weight, the classification of the disease, operative time, blood loss and complication were not significantly different between the two groups. The HCO3 value and PaCO2 value increased significantly intraoperatively, while the pH value decreased significantly. These parameters returned to basal line at the end of operation, with the decreased electrolytes, especially the kaliopenia and hypocalcemia. The CVP increased significantly at the beginning of operation and after fluid expansion, and decreased postoperatively. Gastric mucosal pH(pHi) decreased when the operation began. The partial pressure of gastric mucesa (PgCO2) increased significantly at the end of operation.Other parameters of hemodynamics including HR, CI, and SI were not significantly different during operation. The CVP of elder group was higher than that of younger group at 5 min after the beginning of the operation, while the MAP of elder group was lower than that of younger at 15 min after the end of the operation. Other parameters of hemodynamics including oxygenation, pedusion, and blood chemistry were not significantly different. Conclusions For laparoscopic colorectal surgery, no significant adverse response attributes to elderly patients. The compensation capacity of the elderly is lower. With the reasonable anesthesia administration, the adverse response can be controlled effectively.     

依托咪酯乳剂在老年人诱导麻醉中的脑电双频和循环的变化

目的 :采用脑电双频谱指数 (BIS)评价依托咪酯乳剂在老年人麻醉诱导时的深度及循环的变化。方法 :2 0例ASAⅠ～Ⅱ级腹腔镜胆囊切除术患者 ,年龄大于 60岁 (n =1 0 )为老年组 ,小于 60岁 (n =1 0 )为对照组。麻醉诱导用药为芬太尼 2ug/kg、依托咪酯 0 3mg/kg、阿曲库铵 0 5mg/kg。结果 :老年组最低BIS为 43 1± 6 4,对照组为 38 4± 4 7,无显著差异。达最低BIS所需时间老年组为 43 5± 7 4秒 ,对照组为 35 6± 8 1秒 (P <0 0 5) ;老年组用药前后的BP、HR稳定 ,对照组心率明显下降 (P <0 0 5)。结论 :依托咪酯乳剂用于老年人麻醉诱导是安全的     

用脑电双频指数观察异丙酚的量效关系

以脑电双频指数（ＢＩＳ）和边缘频率（ＳＥＦ）为主要指标,观察不同剂量异丙酚推注后的量效关系。选择１２例择期行腹腔镜下手术患者,持续记录ＰＥＥＧ各指标。静脉注射阿曲库铵０６ｍｇ／ｋｇ,并以１０ｍｇ／ｓ速率注入异丙酚２ｍｇ／ｋｇ诱导,气管插管后机械控制...     

论《内经》“肺风”对新型冠状病毒肺炎治疗的启示

新型冠状病毒肺炎的传播途径、发病情况、主症表现等有"风"的特点,且与《内经》中的"肺风"相似。通过对"肺风"的深入研究,认为治疗"肺风"的方剂独活散、麻黄续命汤可作为新型冠状病毒肺炎的参考用方。以古探今,"肺风"对新型冠状病毒肺炎的治疗启示有二:脏虚为本,风邪为标,间者并行,甚者独行;从风论治,散邪祛风,振奋阳气,内外兼顾。