实验性氟中毒兔甲状腺的形态学观察

54只大耳白幼兔随机分为三组,每组18只;一组为对照,其余两组分别按10mg/kg/日和20mg/kg/日氟化钠喂养。在实验90、150、250天时,将动物分批处死,摘出甲状腺,用显微镜观察甲状腺的形态学变化。 结果表明,在实验90天时,各组动物甲状腺形态学表现无明显区别。实验150天时,10mg/kg/日和20mgF~-/kg/日组各检出1例广泛重度退变的甲状腺,并发现20mgF~-/kg/日滤泡直径增大。在实验250天时,10mgF~-/kg/日组检出两例弥漫增生性甲状腺肿,并发现滤泡直径增大。20mgF~-/kg/日组除检出2例弥漫增生性甲状腺肿外,还检出2例广泛重度退变的甲状腺,并发现滤泡直径明显增大及上皮细胞核直径明显变小。结果表明一定程度的氟中毒对甲状腺的形态学改变是有影响的。     

沧州市碘盐覆盖率较低地区重点人群碘营养监测与评价

目的调查沧州市碘盐覆盖率较低地区重点人群碘营养状况,为调整和完善碘缺乏病防治措施提供依据。方法在沧州市碘盐覆盖率〈80%的县开展调查,共涉及4个县（市）、区。每个县随机抽取3个乡,每个乡抽取2所小学,每所小学检测40名8-10岁学生尿碘含量及其家中食用盐碘含量,采集小学所在村居民饮用水进行水碘含量检测,每村抽取10名育龄妇女测定其尿碘浓度。结果 4个县（市）、区共采集水样32份,水碘范围为10.4-272.7μg/L,碘盐覆盖率39.7%（376/947）;采集儿童尿样939份,儿童尿碘范围为15.4-1 088.0μg/L,尿碘中位数为177.8μg/L;采集妇女尿样248份,尿碘中位数为173.5μg/L;东光县两组人群尿碘中位数最高,分别为251.8μg/L和273.8μg/L,河间两组人群尿碘中位数最低,分别为130.8μg/L和118.7μg/L。水碘与儿童尿碘水平成正相关。结论水碘在碘盐覆盖率较低地区是影响人群尿碘水平的主要因素,被调查县（市）、区儿童和育龄妇女的碘营养处于适宜水平,但是有的乡（镇）儿童可能存在碘缺乏。     

氨基胍对大鼠急性肺栓塞后肺组织细胞凋亡的影响

目的　观察氨基胍对大鼠急性肺栓塞后肺组织细胞凋亡的影响。方法　将大鼠随机分为对照组、模型组、治疗(AG)组,采用改良的导管方法将体外已凝的大鼠血栓注入右心房制备大鼠急性肺栓塞模型。AG组于制成肺栓塞后立即腹腔注射氨基胍,模型组给等容量的生理盐水,对照组只通过导管注入血清。于肺栓塞后1h放血处死大鼠,迅速取肺组织,流式细胞仪(FCM)测定肺组织细胞凋亡率,免疫组化法检测Caspase - 3蛋白的表达。结果　肺栓塞后,肺组织细胞凋亡率明显上升,Caspase - 3蛋白表达阳性细胞明显增多,给予氨基胍后细胞凋亡率明显下降,Caspase- 3蛋白表达阳性细胞数明显减少。结论　氨基胍可降低急性肺栓塞后肺组织细胞凋亡率及Caspase - 3蛋白表达,对急性肺栓塞大鼠有保护作用。     

高碘地区鸡甲状腺的病理学观察

自1965年Suzuki报道了日本北海道渔民因食含碘丰富的海藻引起高碘性地方性甲状腺肿以后(以后简称高地甲),近年来国内有关高地甲的报道逐渐增多;不但在沿海地区和近海地区发生,而且在内陆地区也有发现。据我们调查,位于我省内陆的保定地区新城县、兴隆村饮水碘含量高达760μg/L以上,人群甲状腺患病率为2.66%,7～14岁儿童患病率6.79%,肿大率为18.7%,接近构成内陆水源型高碘地甲病区。为了进一步证实和了解高碘对甲状腺     

氟中毒大鼠肝肾细胞凋亡与p53的关系

目的 研究氟中毒大鼠肝、肾细胞凋亡与相关基因p53的关系。方法 用流式细胞术检测氟中毒大鼠及氟加硒大鼠肝、肾细胞凋亡百分率及相关基因p53。结果 氟中毒大鼠组及氟加硒组肝、肾细胞凋亡率明显高于对照组（P＜0.01）且相关基因p53的表达也明显高于对照组（P＜0.01)。并且加硒组肝、肾细胞凋亡率明显低于氟中毒组。结论 氟可以导致细胞凋亡，加硒可保护细胞减少细胞凋亡。p53参与并介导细胞凋亡。     

2009年河北省儿童大骨节病监测报告

目的掌握河北省大骨节病病情动态,为制定防治策略提供科学依据。方法根据2008年度大骨节病防治项目技术方案要求,对7～12岁在校学生进行临床及右手正位X线拍片检查,分别统计临床患病率与X线阳性率。结果全部监测点未检出临床Ⅰ度及以上病人,以县为单位统计X线阳性检出率丰宁县0.9%,崇礼县1.2%,各监测点最高检出率为2.2%,其中一个监测点检出率为0。结论河北省大骨节病病情处于稳定状态,且都达到国家控制标准。     

实验性慢性氟中毒兔病理演变过程及其机理探讨

80只纯系大耳白幼兔随机分为三组,一组做对照,其余两组分别用10mg/Kg/日和20mg/Kg/日氟化钠喂养。各组动物分别在实验饲养30、90、150、210和250天时以气栓处死进行检查。结果表明:血清F~-的浓度与供氟的量及摄氟时间成正比,血清Ca、P和ALP的水平在不同实验期加氟各组与对照组之间无区别意义(P>0.05)。实验90天后加氟各组动物发生氟斑牙和X线诊断的氟骨症。病理学观察表明,氟中毒动物不仅能引起关节软骨的营养不良性退变,也引起软骨成骨和膜内成骨两个过程的障碍,导致骨质疏松,形态学改变与甲状旁腺机能亢进所引起的纤维性囊性骨炎的形态学表现很相似。慢性氟中毒后,肝脏发生肝细胞颗粒变性和脂肪变性,肾脏发生肾小管颗粒变性、坏死、病理性钙化和肾小球萎缩。     

河北省低碘盐覆盖率地区重点人群碘营养状况调查

Objective To investigate the iodine nutrition status of the target population living in the areas with low coverage rate of iodized salt and to provide a basis to prevent and control iodine deficiency. Methods The investigation was carried out in the areas with coverage rate of iodized salt lower than 80%, including 7 counties (city, district). Three townships(sub-district office) were sampled in each county and two elementary schools in each township(sub-district office). Urinary iodine level was measured for 40 children aged from 8 to 10 years old in each elementary school. Drinking water iodine was collected and determined in their living villages. Twenty salt samples were tested for iodine in salt from 20 house which had fertile women, and urine iodine of 10 fertile women were tested in each village. Results Sixty-two water samples were determined and the water iodine was ranged from 5.8 to 272.7 μg/L, of which 3 water samples were equal and more than 150 μg/L. Eight hundred and seventy-two salt samples were collected. The coverage rate of iodized salt was 70.74%(585/827) and the coverage rates were below than 80% in 5 counties (city, district). A total of 1660 children' urine samples were collected, the content of urine iodine ranged from 10.0 to 1088.0 μg/L and the urine iodine median was 173.7 μg/L. Four hundred and thirty-seven urine samples were collected from the fertile women and the urine iodine median was 179.1 μg/L. The iodine level of children and women was the highest in Dongguang County(251.8,273.8 μg/L) while that of Hejian County (130.8,118.7 μg/L) was the lowest. Conclusions Although the iodine nutrition of children and fertile women is appropriate in areas with low coverage rate of iodized salt, we presume from the results that the possibility of iodine deficiency in pregnant and lactating women exists in Hejian and Anping.     

河北省2007年度碘盐覆盖率≤80%的市（县）、区碘缺乏病调查分析

目的调查河北省2007年居民户碘盐覆盖率≤80%的7个市（县）、区碘缺乏病流行情况。方法按照《全国碘缺乏病监测方案》确定的碘缺乏病高危地区调查范围,甲状腺触诊和B超法检查按照卫生部颁发的《地方性甲状腺肿诊断标准》（WS276-2007）,尿碘浓度检测采用砷铈分光光度测定方法（WS/T107-2006）,盐碘含量采用直接滴定法测定。结论7市（县）、区均未构成碘缺乏病高危地区,但仍有3个县加权法儿童甲状腺肿大率超过5%,4个县居民户碘盐覆盖率〈80%,部分县尿碘中位数在正常范围偏低水平,需进一步提高居民户碘盐覆盖率。