Association of kidney function with cancer incidence and its influence on cancer risk of smoking: The Japan Multi-Institutional Collaborative Cohort Study

The association between kidney function and cancer incidence is inconsistent among previous reports, and data on the Japanese population are lacking. It is unknown whether kidney function modifies the cancer risk of other factors. We aimed to evaluate the association of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) with cancer incidence and mortality in 55 242 participants (median age, 57 years; 55% women) from the Japan Multi-Institutional Collaborative Cohort Study. We also investigated differences in cancer risk factors between individuals with and without kidney dysfunction. During a median 9.3-year follow-up period, 4278 (7.7%) subjects developed cancer. Moderately low and high eGFRs were associated with higher cancer incidence; compared with eGFR of 60-74 ml/min/1.73 m², the adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) (95% confidence intervals [CIs]) for eGFRs of ≥90, 75-89, 45-59, 30-44 and 10-29 ml/min/1.73 m² were 1.18 (1.07-1.29), 1.09 (1.01-1.17), 0.93 (0.83-1.04), 1.36 (1.00-1.84) and 1.12 (0.55-2.26), respectively. High eGFR was associated with higher cancer mortality, while low eGFR was not; the adjusted subdistribution HRs (95% CIs) for eGFRs of ≥90 and 75-89 ml/min/1.73 m² were 1.58 (1.29-1.94) and 1.27 (1.08-1.50), respectively. Subgroup analyses of participants with eGFRs ≥60 and <60 ml/min/1.73 m² revealed elevated cancer risks of smoking and family history of cancer in those with eGFR <60 ml/min/1.73 m², with significant interactions. Our findings suggest that the relationship between eGFR and cancer incidence was U-shaped. Only high eGFR was associated with cancer mortality. Kidney dysfunction enhanced cancer risk from smoking.     

Outcome of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for mycosis fungoides and Sézary syndrome

Although allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) has been reported to provide prolonged remission of relapsed/refractory mycosis fungoides (MF) and Sézary syndrome (SS), its role has not been fully evaluated. Here, the outcomes of allogeneic HSCT for patients with MF/SS were retrospectively evaluated by using the registry database of the Japan Society for Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation. Forty-eight patients were evaluable and enrolled in the analysis. Median age was 45.5 years. Eighteen patients (38%) received myeloablative conditioning, and 33 (69%) received HSCT from an alternative donor. Disease status was complete or partial response in 25% of the patients and relapsed or refractory in the others. At the time of analysis, 18 patients were alive, with a median follow-up of 31.0 months (range, 3.8-31.1). Three-year overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were 30% (95%CI, 16-45%) and 19% (95%CI, 9-31%), respectively. Disease progression was not observed later than 17 months after transplantation. Both disease status and performance status at transplant significantly affected OS and PFS. Although our findings suggest that allogeneic HSCT provides long-term PFS in patients with MF/SS, the timing of transplantation should be decided carefully based on the disease status and the patient's condition in order to improve the outcome.     

蒙药治疗肝损伤的实验研究进展

随着蒙医药临床与实验科学的快速发展，关于肝损伤的实验研究也逐渐增多，其研究内容从最初的药物对实验动物生化指标的影响发展到组织病理形态学改变以及分子生物，免疫蛋白测定等。本文章通过查阅与总结从1992年至今关于蒙药治疗肝损伤实验研究，总结多种蒙药复方、单药及其提取物对不同模型导致肝损伤的作用及影响，为蒙药治疗肝损伤的进一步研究发展提供最初的信息资源。     

灯盏花素注射液辅助治疗急性脑梗死的Meta分析

目的对灯盏花素注射液辅助治疗急性脑梗死进行Meta分析。方法检索CNKI、万方、维普、PubMed等数据库中关于灯盏花素注射液联合常规西药治疗急性脑梗死的临床随机对照试验,时限为建库至2019年4月,通过Cohrane协作网提供的Rev Man5. 3软件对提取的数据进行统计学分析,采用Jadad量表对纳入文献的临床试验方法进行质量评价。结果共纳入30篇文献、3 312例患者。与单用常规西药比较,联合灯盏花素注射液能改善患者各项指标,提高临床总有效率[RR=1. 24,95%CI (1. 20,1. 28),P<0. 000 01],降低血液流变学指标[MD血浆黏度=-0. 67,95%CI (-1. 28,-0. 07),P=0. 03;MD全血低切黏度=-1. 20,95%CI (-1. 65,-0. 75,P <0. 000 01;MD全血高切黏度=-0. 56,95%CI (-1. 07,-0. 05),P=0. 03]和神经功能缺损评分[MDNIHSS=-4. 15,95%CI (-5. 00,-3. 30),P <0. 000 01],并且未出现明显不良反应。结论灯盏花素注射液联合常规西药能有效改善急性脑梗死患者临床疗效,降低血液流变学指标,安全性较高。     

Expressions of conventional vitellogenin and vitellogenin-like A in worker brains are associated with a nursing task in a ponerine ant

In eusocial insect colonies, non-reproductive workers often perform different tasks. Tasks of an individual worker are shifted depending on various factors, e.g., age and colony demography. Although a vitellogenin (Vg) gene play regulatory roles in both reproductive and non-reproductive division of labours in a honeybee, it has been shown that the insect Vg underwent multiple gene duplications and sub-functionalisation, especially in apical ant lineages. The regulatory roles of duplicated Vgs were suggested to change evolutionarily among ants, whereas such roles in phylogenetically basal ants remain unclear. Here, we examined the expression patterns of conventional Vg (CVg), Vg-like A, Vg-like B and Vg-like C, as well as Vg receptor, during the task shift in an age-dependent manner and under experimental manipulation of colony demography in a primitive ant Diacamma sp. Expressions of CVg and Vg-like A in a brain were associated with a nursing task. It is suggested that associations of brain expressions of these Vgs with worker tasks were acquired in the basal ant lineage, and that such Vg functions could have sub-functionalised in the derived ant lineage.