Impaired Sensorimotor Gating Using the Acoustic Prepulse Inhibition Paradigm in Individuals at a Clinical High Risk for Psychosis

Many robust studies have investigated prepulse inhibition (PPI) in patients with schizophrenia. Recent evidence indicates that PPI may help identify individuals who are at clinical high risk for psychosis (CHR). Selective attention to prepulse stimulus can specifically enhance PPI in healthy subjects; however, this enhancement effect is not observed in patients with schizophrenia. Modified PPI measurement with selective attentional modulation using perceived spatial separation (PSS) condition may be a more robust and sensitive index of PPI impairment in CHR individuals. The current study investigated an improved PSSPPI condition in CHR individuals compared with patients with first-episode schizophrenia (FES) and healthy controls (HC) and evaluated the accuracy of PPI in predicting CHR from HC. We included 53 FESs, 55 CHR individuals, and 53 HCs. CHRs were rated on the Structured Interview for Prodromal Syndromes. The measures of perceived spatial co-location PPI (PSCPPI) and PSSPPI conditions were applied using 60- and 120-ms lead intervals. Compared with HC, the CHR group had lower PSSPPI level (Inter-stimulus interval [ISI] = 60 ms, P < .001; ISI = 120 ms, P < .001). PSSPPI showed an effect size (ES) between CHR and HC (ISI = 60 ms, Cohen’s d = 0.91; ISI = 120 ms, Cohen’s d = 0.98); on PSSPPI using 60-ms lead interval, ES grade increased from CHR to FES. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for PSSPPI was greater than that for PSCPPI. CHR individuals showed a PSSPPI deficit similar to FES, with greater ES and sensitivity. PSSPPI appears a promising objective approach for preliminary identification of CHR individuals.     

Micronemal protein 13 contributes to the optimal growth of Toxoplasma gondii under stress conditions

Parasitology Research - Toxoplasma gondii is a ubiquitous parasitic protozoan infecting humans and a wide variety of animals. Fast-replicating tachyzoites during acute infection and slowly growing...     

冠心病患者血清中IL-6、sICAM-1的表达及CRP测定的临床意义

目的 检测C-反应蛋白(CRP)、白介素-6(IL-6)、可溶性细胞粘附分子-1(sICAM-1)的水平．并探讨它们与冠状动脉造影证实的各级冠心病之间的关系。方法 CRP水平采用致敏乳胶增强免疫技术于Beckman LX-20全自动生化仪上作免疫浊度测定：sICAM-1、sICAM-1含量测定用ELISA方法。结果 冠心病(CHD)组患者血清中CRP、sICAM-1以及sICAM-1的水平明显高于非CHD组(P＜0．01)。各级冠心病组之间CRP、IL-6及sICAM-1的水平比较分别呈现不同的意义。结论 CRP、IL-6以及sICAM-1对冠状动脉疾病的诊断以及病变程度的分析均具有重要的临床价值。     

全脑放疗对广泛期小细胞肺癌脑转移的生存影响

目的 探索现代诊疗条件下,全脑放疗（WBRT）能否延长小细胞肺癌（SCLC）脑转移患者的生存期。方法 回顾性分析天津医科大学肿瘤医院2010—2020年245例伴有脑转移的广泛期SCLC患者的病历资料,其中WBRT组168例（剂量30 Gy分10次）,无WBRT组77例。所有患者均接受了至少2个周期的化疗,化疗方案均为顺铂或卡铂联合依托泊苷,115例接受了胸部放疗。研究终点为脑转移后生存期（BM‐OS）,采用卡方检验对分类数据进行比较,采用稳健逆概率处理加权（sIPTW）方法对组间变量进行匹配,采用Kaplan‐Meier方法进行生存分析,log‐rank检验进行生存曲线比较。结果 全组患者中位BM‐OS为9.1个月。有无WBRT患者的中位BM‐OS分别为10.6、6.7个月（P=0.003）,应用sIPTW平衡两组影响因素后,两组的BM‐OS差异仍具有统计学意义（P=0.02）。其中,首诊广泛期伴脑转移患者118例,有无WBRT的中位BM‐OS分别为13.0、9.6个月（P=0.007）;广泛期疗中出现脑转移患者127例,有无WBRT的中位BM‐OS分别为8.0、4.1个月（P=0.003）。在50例单纯脑转移患者中,有无WBRT的中位BM‐OS为13.3、10.9个月（P=0.259）;在195例伴有颅外转移的患者中,有无WBRT的中位BM‐OS分别为9.5、5.9个月（P=0.009）。结论 广泛期小细胞肺癌脑转移患者行全脑放疗能够为患者带来生存获益。     

Development of a new ferulic acid certified reference material for use in clinical chemistry and pharmaceutical analysis

This study compares the results of three certified methods, namely differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), the mass balance (MB) method and coulometric titrimetry (CT), in the purity assessment of ferulic acid certified reference material (CRM). Purity and expanded uncertainty as determined by the three methods were respectively 99.81%, 0.16%; 99.79%, 0.16%; and 99.81%, 0.26% with, in all cases, a coverage factor (k) of 2 (P=95%). The purity results are consistent indicating that the combination of DSC, the MB method and CT provides a confident assessment of the purity of suitable CRMs like ferulic acid.Abbreviations: ASTM, American Society for Testing and Materials; CRM, certified reference material; CT, coulometric titrimetry; DAD, diode-array detector; DSC, differential scanning calorimetry; EDQM, European Directorate for Quality Medicine; GUM, Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement; ISO, International Organization for Standardization; MB, mass balance; RM, reference material; SI, International System of Units; WHO, World Health OrganizationKEY WORDS: Differential scanning  calorimetry, Mass balance, Coulometric titrimetry, Certified reference  material, Uncertainty, Ferulic acid     

精神分裂症病人入院MMPI测试分析与护理

目的:通过入院明尼苏达多相人格测定(简称MMPI),掌握病人心理状态、个性特点及精神病性症状,为护理诊断提供依据。方法:随机抽取100份入院初的MMPI测评,其中符合本研究要求的66份进行统计学处理并与中国常模对照。结果:研究组MMPI的效度量表F分和10个临床量表分与常模存在不同程度差异(P<0.05),测图呈现3/4合并6/8测图,与一般典型的精神分裂症测图有别。结论:当前入院精神分裂症病人由于受社会大环境及社区精神卫生网的影响,精神病性症状减轻或症状不典型或以类神经症表现为主。护理诊断应因人而异。     

尿液N-乙酰-β-D-氨基葡萄糖苷酶自动化测定

目的建立用对硝基苯-N-乙酰-β-D-氨基葡萄糖苷自动化测定尿液N-乙酰-β-D-氨基葡萄糖苷酶的方法。方法采用两点终点法,无需做尿样空白,用自动生化分析仪直接测定。结果线性范围0～90U/L,精密度批内CV2.3%,批间CV2.8%,与手工终点法比较,Y(本法)=0.7831X(手工法) 0.5238,r=0.9719。结论该法简便,试剂稳定,适用于尿液NAG活力的自动分析。     

血清BDNF和CA125水平对急性心肌梗死患者病情及预后的评估价值

目的分析血清脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF)和糖类蛋白125(CA125)水平对急性心肌梗死(AMI)患者病情及预后的评估价值。方法选取2016年12月-2018年6月北京中医药大学孙思邈医院心血管内科收治的AMI患者136例作为研究组,选取同期门诊健康体检正常者50例作为健康对照组。采用酶联免疫吸附法检测血清BDNF水平,电化学发光免疫分析法检测CA125水平。随访1年记录不良心血管事件发生情况,比较不良心脏事件亚组和无不良心脏事件亚组患者血清BDNF和CA125水平。采用Logistic回归分析急性心肌梗死患者预后影响因素。结果研究组心率及血清BDNF、CA125、c-TnI、BNP水平均高于健康对照组(t=10.196、22.142、12.302、7.301、49.705,P均<0.001)。随访1年发生心脏不良事件38例(27.94%),不良心脏事件亚组患者血清BDNF、CA125水平均高于无不良心脏事件亚组患者(t=3.258、4.496,P均<0.001)。BDNF预测AMI患者1年不良心血管事件发生率的ROC曲线下面积(AUC)为0.871,当BNDF截点值为3.87 ng/ml时预测AMI患者1年不良心血管事件敏感度为84.1%,特异度为82.9%,约登指数为0.670。CA125的AUC为0.746,当CA125截点值为42.54 U/ml时预测AMI患者1年不良心血管事件的敏感度为83.2%,特异度为81.5%,约登指数为0.647。Logistic回归分析结果显示,高龄(OR=1.89,95%CI 1.02~3.51)、心率快(OR=1.77,95%CI 1.06~2.95)、高水平BDNF(OR=4.76,95%CI 2.38~9.56)、高水平CA125(OR=3.49,95%CI 1.71~7.12)、高水平cTnI(OR=3.80,95%CI 1.654~8.750)、高水平BNP(OR=4.90,95%CI 2.23~10.77)为AMI后不良心血管事件的危险因素。结论 AMI患者血清BDNF、CA125水平明显增高,且高水平BDNF、CA125是AMI患者发生不良预后的风险因素,提示二者可作为评估AMI患者病情及预后的预测因子。     

重型颅脑损伤患者医院感染的调查分析及预防

目的探讨重型颅脑损伤患者医院感染的临床特点与预防措施。方法对640例重型颅脑损伤患者医院感染情况进行回顾性分析(包括感染部位、细菌培养、药敏试验等)，并结合医院实际情况提出预防对策。结果640例重型颅脑损伤患者医院感染98例，感染率为15．31％，显著高于同期医院平均感染率(4．08）。感染部位分布：呼吸道最高，为15．16％，其次为泌尿道感染9．69％。感染病原体主要是革兰氏阴性菌占58．93%，其中以铜绿假单孢菌、大肠埃希菌为主，敏感抗生素为亚胺培能；其次是真菌占32．14％，敏感抗生素为氟康唑；革兰氏阳性菌占8．93%，其中以金黄色葡萄球菌为主，敏感抗生素为万古霉素。结论重型颅脑损伤患者是易发医院感染的主要高危人群。通过严格病房管理、消毒隔离、无菌操作及合理使用抗生素，有利于控制医院感染的发生。