Fe_3O_4纳米粒子的细胞相容性

背景：无论是作为化疗药物载体还是作为肿瘤热疗介质,Fe3O4纳米粒子与肿瘤细胞微观结构的作用都有待于深入研究。目的：分析Fe3O4纳米粒子的细胞相容性,探讨其在骨肉瘤化疗中作为药物载体的应用和存在的问题。方法：参照GB/T16886.5-2003（医疗器械生物学评价第5部分：体外细胞毒性试验）的评价标准和要求,偶联十六烷基三甲基溴化铵、聚乙二醇、油酸钠Fe3O4纳米粒子胶体溶液,分别与大鼠原发骨肉瘤细胞和人成纤维细胞共培养的方式对其进行细胞毒性测试。结果及结论：偶联油酸钠Fe3O4纳米粒子细胞相容性良好,参照GB/T16886.5-2003标准属于安全范围。偶联十六烷基三甲基溴化铵Fe3O4纳米粒子细胞相容性差,不适宜作为化疗药物载体进入人体。偶联聚乙二醇Fe3O4纳米粒子有一定的细胞相容性,作为磁靶向热化疗载体还需研究。     

地塞米松在颅脑创伤院前急救的应用研究

目的:分析地塞米松临床应用不良反应的特点及一般规律,指导临床合理用药。方法:通过维普、中国期刊数据库检索国内2009年1月~2014年1月的学术期刊中,关于地塞米松临床应用不良反应的文献,搜集248例资料完整的应用地塞米松引起不良反应的病例,对其一般资料、临床表现进行回顾性分析。结果:地塞米松不良反应可累及全身各个系统,临床表现多样,呃逆、过敏性休克、精神异常所占比例较高,分别为12.9%(32/248)、16.3%(41/248)、9.7%(24/248)。146例患者在首次用药出现不良反应,占58.9%。本组患者除2例死亡外,其余246例均转归良好。结论:地塞米松不良反应多种多样,临床上应引起高度重视,尤其是过敏性休克,做到早预防、早发现、早治疗,以免引发严重后果。     

左氧氟沙星治疗慢性乙型肝炎合并肺结核患者疗效观察

目的探讨左氧氟沙星治疗合并慢性乙型肝炎的肺结核患者临床疗效及安全性。方法 77例处于非活动期或肝功能轻度异常的慢性乙型肝炎合并肺结核患者,随机分为治疗组38例予以3HREV/6HRE治疗,对照组39例予以3HREZ/6HRE治疗。结果治疗组肝功能损害发生或者加重几率23.7%,对照组肝功能损害发生或者加重几率48.7%,两组差异有显著性（P〈0.05）。治疗组抗结核总有效率92.1%,对照组总有效率94.9%,抗结核化疗总有效率无显著性差异（P〉0.05）。结论左氧氟沙星治疗慢性乙型肝炎合并肺结核患者临床疗效好,且肝毒性小,值得临床推广应用。     

左氧氟沙星治疗47例合并肝损害肺结核患者疗效分析

目的：分析左氧氟沙星治疗合并肝脏损害的肺结核患者临床疗效及安全性。方法：回顾性分析我院收治的合并肝损害的肺结核患者47例,予以左氧氟沙星为主的联合化疗,并给予适当保肝治疗,进行疗效及安全性分析。结果：治疗9月后显效30例,有效15例,无效2例,总有效的率95．7％,肝脏损害未进一步加重。结论：左氧氟沙星联合抗结核药物治疗伴肝功能损害的肺结核疗效显著,肝毒性小,值得临床进一步研究。     

22例悬吊牵引治疗胸腰椎压缩性骨折的临床研究

目的:探索悬吊牵引治疗胸腰椎压缩性骨折的方法.方法:患者采用悬吊牵引,时间为5～24h,治疗中定时床旁X线摄片复查,达到骨折复张要求(复张厚度达椎体80%以上)解除牵引后,改用10～15cm腰垫治疗.结果:经本方法治疗的患者,大部分在半年后复查拍片,受伤椎体能保持正常形态.腰背活动功能正常.达到满意的康复效果.结论:本方法宜用于年龄在15～50岁胸11椎至腰4椎楔状压缩性骨折无严重神经症状病人,进行悬吊牵引,短时间内纠正胸腰椎螺旋状变形损伤,强化复位治疗时间较短,迅速减轻病痛,以后经传统的康复治疗,使病人得以顺利康复.     

纳米粒子在恶性肿瘤治疗中的研究进展

通常将金属与无机物粒径在1~100 nm范围或有机物和聚合物粒径小于1000 nm的颗粒称为纳米粒子。当粒子尺寸进入纳米量级后其表面原子与总原子数量之比急剧增大,从而表现出许多特有的性质,如比表面积大、表面活性中心多、表面反应活性高、强烈的吸附能力、较高的催化能力、低毒性     

罕见孪生姐妹青春期同时发生多发性皮脂腺囊肿病例报告

病例女,18岁,孪生姐妹。因发现双腋下包块1＋年就诊。两患者于1＋年前无明显诱因同时出现双腋下串珠样包块,始约碎米粒样大小,后个别包块渐增大,最大约豌豆粒大小。病程中无红肿,无疼痛,无瘙痒。查体：两姐妹双腋底与前后壁交界处串珠样包块,活动,光滑无压痛,圆形高出皮面,质地中等,无波动感。实验室检查血常规和术前凝血常规无特殊。手术所见：包块呈豌豆大小,表面光滑,有光泽和弹性,呈黄白色与常见皮脂腺囊肿不同,与周围组织无粘连,囊壁较厚,     

拉米夫定的不同用法在HBV感染结核病的临床应用研究

目的探讨拉米夫定的不同用法在HBV感染结核病的临床应用价值。方法采用前瞻性研究方法,选择2011年8月至2015年11月在我院进行诊治的190例HBV感染结核病患者,根据入院顺序分为观察组与对照组,每组95例,对照组给予拉米夫定联合阿德福韦酯治疗,观察组给予拉米夫定序贯阿德福韦酯治疗,治疗观察6个月。结果观察组治疗有效率(88.4%)高于对照组(72.6%),两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,观察组ALT、AST、TBIL、DBIL低于对照组(P<0.05),观察组HBV-DNA、HbeAg转阴率(91.6%、81.1%)高于对照组(74.7%、68.4%),两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论相对于联合疗法,拉米夫定序贯阿德福韦酯疗法在HBV感染结核病的治疗中能减轻肝脏损伤,提高HBV-DNA、HbeAg转阴率及结核患者的治疗有效率。     

Fe3O4纳米粒子的组织相容性及组织分布研究

BACKGROUND: Ferroferric oxide (Fe₃O₄) nanoparticles are a research hotspot in drug delivery system, which can transport antineoplastic drugs to the lesion under external magnetic field. Additionally, its submicrons even can reach the tumor site several centimeters far away from the magnetic source. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the histocompatibility and in vivo distribution of Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles and to explore its application prospect and limitations as a drug carrier in the chemotherapy of osteosarcoma. METHODS: 10.0 mg/kg Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles were administrated into Wistar rats via tail vein, then the rats were executed at 15, 60 and 120 minutes, respectively, and the rat lung, brain, heart, liver, kidney, hind limb and skeletal muscle were removed. The ferric ion content in each tissue was determined by atomic absorption spectrometer, and the morphological changes of different tissues were observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining at each time point. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: After administrated for 15 minutes, the concentration of Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles in the liver and kidney reached peak, followed by a decrease at 60 and 120 minutes, but still remained a high level. The concentration of Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles at three time points showed significant difference compared with the control group (P < 0.05), demonstrating that the nanoparticles can be quickly enriched and long-term persistent in the liver and kidney. After administrated for 15 minutes, the concentration of Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles in the heart, lung, skeletal muscle and bone reached peak, which had significant difference compared with the control group (P < 0.05), and significantly decreased subsequently except that in the bone. This significant difference still displayed at 60 minutes between groups (P < 0.05), indicating that the nanoparticle can reach a high concentration but persist short time in the high blood perfused tissues. Compared with the control group, the concentration of Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles in the brain tissue showed no significant difference at each time point (P > 0.05), suggesting that the blood-brain barrier can inhibit the nanoparticle penetration. No overt morphological changes were found in each tissue after hematoxylin-eosin staining. In conclusion, the distribution of Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles conjugate sodium oleate in organism is influenced by the blood perfusion and mononuclear phagocyte system, and they cannot penetrate the blood-brain barrier and make no significant effect on tissues, but maintain a high level in the liver kidney and bone for a long-term, thus providing a theoretical basis for the drug delivery system in the magenetic hyperthermia therapy of malignant tumors.