深部真菌感染治疗的现状与对策

深部真菌感染指真菌侵犯皮下组织、黏膜和内脏所引起的感染性疾病,包括限局性的单一器官感染和2个或2个以上器官(组织)侵犯的系统性真菌感染。前者如肺念珠菌病、上颌窦曲霉病等,后者如播散性念珠菌病、真菌血流感染等。近20年来深部真菌感染呈持续增多趋势,美国国家医院感染监     

某部四川抗震救灾期间皮肤病发病情况调查

目的调查某部四川抗震救灾期间皮肤病发生情况,为部队在特殊情况下执行紧急任务时皮肤病防治提供科学依据。方法采用现场调查方法对抗震救灾某部1872名指战员进行皮肤病发病情况调查。结果官兵中有1653人患皮肤病,患病率为88．3％。在皮肤病的病种构成上,虫咬皮炎、足癣、痤疮、股癣、夏季皮炎、花斑糠疹、日光性皮炎、湿疹、体癣和慢性单纯性苔藓所占比例较高。其中虫咬皮炎的患病率最高（为52．8％）,足癣、痤疮、股癣、夏季皮炎、花斑糠疹、日光性皮炎、湿疹、体癣和慢性单纯性苔藓的患病率依次为20．4％、10．3％、9．5％、9．2％、5．0％、4．5％、4．2％、3．8％和3．3％。结论抗震救灾部队官兵皮肤病发病率较高,昆虫性皮肤病特别是虫咬皮炎的发生更为显著,应高度重视高发皮肤病的防治工作。     

成人丘疹性皮肤念珠菌病误诊2例分析

对成人丘疹性皮肤念珠菌病误诊2例分析如下。 1病历摘要 例1：男，83岁。因周身皮肤起红色斑丘疹伴瘙痒5个月余，头部瘙痒加重2个月于2005—08就诊。患者5个月前无明显诱因，周身出现红斑、丘疹伴瘙痒，先后就诊多家医院，均诊断为湿疹，先后给予开瑞坦片、多虑平片、雷公藤多甙片、中药、肤痒冲剂、派瑞松软膏等药物治疗，病情缓解。3个月后，头部瘙痒加重，继续应用上述药物，效果不理想。以湿疹收入院，入院查体：一般情况好，心肺腹部无异常。皮肤科查体：躯干散在分布淡红色米粒大小扁平丘疹，直径0．2～0．4cm，可见少量细小鳞屑。     

复方倍他米松注射液局部注射治疗瘢痕疙瘩和增生性瘢痕的多中心研究

目的评价国产复方倍他米松注射液局部注射治疗瘢痕疙瘩和增生性瘢痕的安全性和疗效,并与进口复方倍他米松注射液(得宝松)进行对照.方法本研究采用多中心、随机盲法、阳性药物平行对照的临床研究方法.受试者分别接受国产复方倍他米松注射液和得宝松注射液治疗.在治疗前、治疗3、6,9周,选择一处无破溃皮损作为观察的靶皮损,观察临床症状和体征.结果本临床试验共入组病例144例,完成试验病例133例,其中对照组64例,试验组69例.试验结束时FAS分析临床疗效有效率(对照组为61.11%,试验组为65.28%,x3=0.27,P=0.6071)、痊愈率(对照组为2.78%,试验组为0.00%,P=0.4965)提示试验组和对照组疗效相当,经检验差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05).安全性方面,试验组共有3例不良反应发生,不良反应发生率为4.17%,两组不良反应发生情况比较差异无统计学意义(P=0.2448).结论国产复方倍他米松注射液局部注射治疗瘢痕疙瘩和增生性瘢痕安全有效,与得宝松相当.

Abstract：

Objective To compare the safety and efficacy of home - made and imported (diprospan) compound betamethasone injection in the treatment of keloid and hypeiplastic scar. Methods A multi-center, randomized, blind, positive-controlled, parallel-group clinical study was conducted. Patients with keloid or hyperplastic scar were divided into test and control groups to receive intralesional injection of compound betamethasone made in China and Schering-Plough Labo N.V. Belgium, respectively. A lesion without ulceration was selected as the target lesion for the evaluation of symptom and signs of patients at the beginning of the treatment (DO), on day 21 (D21), 42 (D42) and 63 (D63) after the initiation of treatment. Results A total of 144 patients were enrolled, and 133 patients, including 64 in the control group and 69 in the study group, completed the trial. The improvement rate was 61.11% in the control group and 65.28% in the test group (x2 = 0.27, P = 0.6071), and the cure rate was 2.78% in the control group, 0.00% in the test group (P =0.4965), indicating that there was no statistically significant difference in the efficiency between the domestic and imported injection (P> 0.05). There were 3 (4.17%) cases of adverse reaction in the test group, and no statistical difference was noted in the occurrence of side effects between the two groups (P = 0.2448). Conclusion The local injection of domestic compound betamethasone shows a favorable efficacy and safety, which are comparable to those of diprospan, in the treatment of keloid and hyperplastic scar.     

加巴喷丁胶囊治疗疱疹后神经痛的多中心临床观察

目的 观察加巴喷丁治疗疱疹后神经痛的临床疗效和安全性.方法 多中心、随机双盲、安慰剂对照、平行设计临床试验.疱疹后神经痛患者随机分为治疗组和对照组,两组患者分别口服加巴喷丁胶囊1800 mg/d或安慰剂胶囊,总共接受6周的药物治疗.于治疗前及治疗后第1、3、6周各随访1次,进行疗效和安全性评价.以视觉模拟评分法进行疱疹后神经痛的疼痛评分作为主要观察指标,以5点严重程度评分方法进行睡眠质量评分作为次要观察指标.结果 4个中心共人选141例疱疹后神经痛患者,125例完成试验,其中试验组66例,对照组59例.与用药前相比,用药后1周、3周和6周时,两组在疼痛严重程度、睡眠质量方面均有不同程度改善;试验组在用药后1周、3周改善更为明显.用药后第1周和第3周试验组的有效率分别为29.58%和57.75%,对照组分别为13.04%和40.58%,试验组高于对照组,两组比较,差异均有统计学意义(X2CMH分别为5.94,4.12,P＜0.05).加巴喷丁有较好的耐受性,不良反应主要表现为头晕、头昏、嗜睡和转氨酶升高等.结论 加巴喷丁胶囊治疗疱疹后神经痛,能改善患者疼痛严重程度和睡眠质量,不良反应发生率低.     

加巴喷丁胶囊治疗疱疹后神经痛的多中心临床观察

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy and safety of gahapentin in the treatment of postherpetic neuralgia. Methods A multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel design, 6-week study was performed. Patients with postherpetic neuralgia were recruited into this study and randomly divided into two groups to receive gabapentin or placebo 1800 mg daily in three divided doses with a forced titration schedule, respectively. The primary efficacy measure was change in the pain score based on a visual analogue scale from baseline to the final week of therapy, and secondary measure was the improvement in sleep quality scored on a 5-point severity scale. Efficacy and safety evaluation was performed at baseline, and 1, 3, and 6 weeks atter the treatment. Results One hundred and forty-one patients were recruited in four clinical centers, and 125 patients completed the trial, of whom 66 were in the treatment group and 59 in the control group. An improvement was observed in both pain scores and sleep scores on week 1, 3 and 6 in both two groups, and the improvement was greater in gabapentin-treated group than that in the control group. The response rate was 29.58% and 57.75%, respectively in gabapentin-treated group on week 1 and 3, com-pared to 13.04% and 40.58%, respectively, in the control group (t = 5.94, 4.12, respectively, both P ＜0.05).Gabapentin was well tolerated, and the most common adverse events were dizziness, vertigo, somnolence and transient abnormality of hepatic function. Conclusion Gabapentin could markedly reduce pain intensity and improve sleep quality with a low incidence of adverse events in patients with postherpetic neuralgia.     

儿童隐球菌性脑膜炎(附8例报告)

隐球菌是一种具荚膜的酵母样真菌 ,最常侵犯中枢神经系统 ,引起隐球菌性脑膜炎 (隐脑 )。隐脑多见于成年人 ,有关儿童隐脑的相关资料报道甚少 ,我院自 1993年 3月至 2 0 0 1年 6月共收治儿童隐脑患者 8例 ,现将有关资料报告如下。1　临床资料1.1　一般资料　本组 8例 ,男 6例 ,女 2例 ,年龄 2～ 8岁。被确诊为隐脑时病程 14 d至 1年 ,8例中曾被误诊为病毒性脑膜炎 3例 ,上呼吸道感染 3例 ,结核性脑膜炎 2例。发病前有鸽粪接触史 2例。本组仅 1例因肾病综合征长期服用泼尼松治疗。1.2　临床表现　头痛 7例 (7/ 8) ,呈进行性加剧 ,其中以头痛…     

加巴喷丁胶囊治疗疱疹后神经痛的多中心临床观察

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy and safety of gahapentin in the treatment of postherpetic neuralgia. Methods A multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel design, 6-week study was performed. Patients with postherpetic neuralgia were recruited into this study and randomly divided into two groups to receive gabapentin or placebo 1800 mg daily in three divided doses with a forced titration schedule, respectively. The primary efficacy measure was change in the pain score based on a visual analogue scale from baseline to the final week of therapy, and secondary measure was the improvement in sleep quality scored on a 5-point severity scale. Efficacy and safety evaluation was performed at baseline, and 1, 3, and 6 weeks atter the treatment. Results One hundred and forty-one patients were recruited in four clinical centers, and 125 patients completed the trial, of whom 66 were in the treatment group and 59 in the control group. An improvement was observed in both pain scores and sleep scores on week 1, 3 and 6 in both two groups, and the improvement was greater in gabapentin-treated group than that in the control group. The response rate was 29.58% and 57.75%, respectively in gabapentin-treated group on week 1 and 3, com-pared to 13.04% and 40.58%, respectively, in the control group (t = 5.94, 4.12, respectively, both P ＜0.05).Gabapentin was well tolerated, and the most common adverse events were dizziness, vertigo, somnolence and transient abnormality of hepatic function. Conclusion Gabapentin could markedly reduce pain intensity and improve sleep quality with a low incidence of adverse events in patients with postherpetic neuralgia.     

加巴喷丁胶囊治疗疱疹后神经痛的多中心临床观察

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy and safety of gahapentin in the treatment of postherpetic neuralgia. Methods A multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel design, 6-week study was performed. Patients with postherpetic neuralgia were recruited into this study and randomly divided into two groups to receive gabapentin or placebo 1800 mg daily in three divided doses with a forced titration schedule, respectively. The primary efficacy measure was change in the pain score based on a visual analogue scale from baseline to the final week of therapy, and secondary measure was the improvement in sleep quality scored on a 5-point severity scale. Efficacy and safety evaluation was performed at baseline, and 1, 3, and 6 weeks atter the treatment. Results One hundred and forty-one patients were recruited in four clinical centers, and 125 patients completed the trial, of whom 66 were in the treatment group and 59 in the control group. An improvement was observed in both pain scores and sleep scores on week 1, 3 and 6 in both two groups, and the improvement was greater in gabapentin-treated group than that in the control group. The response rate was 29.58% and 57.75%, respectively in gabapentin-treated group on week 1 and 3, com-pared to 13.04% and 40.58%, respectively, in the control group (t = 5.94, 4.12, respectively, both P ＜0.05).Gabapentin was well tolerated, and the most common adverse events were dizziness, vertigo, somnolence and transient abnormality of hepatic function. Conclusion Gabapentin could markedly reduce pain intensity and improve sleep quality with a low incidence of adverse events in patients with postherpetic neuralgia.     

新生隐球菌不同变种所致小鼠原发性皮肤感染的比较

目的：探讨新生隐球菌不同变种在原发性小鼠新生隐球菌皮肤感染中的作用。方法：按照我们建立的原发性皮肤隐球菌感染模型的方法，将新生隐球菌新生变种标准野生株B3501与格特变种标准株ATCC32609分别皮内接种于免疫抑制与非抑制的BALB／c小鼠，皮损真菌培养与组织病理检查确证感染。观察2种隐球菌感染的病程，比较皮损形成与消退的平均时间。结果：2种变种的新生隐球菌皮下接种于BALB／c小鼠后，可以在免疫抑制与非抑制的BALB／c小鼠皮肤上产生丘疹、结节、溃疡、传染性软疣样皮损，皮损可以自愈，真菌培养与病理确证为隐球菌感染。2种菌株只在免疫正常小鼠的皮损形成时间上存在差异。结论：新生变种与格特变种的新生隐球菌均可以造成BALB／c小鼠相似的皮肤感染。推测2种变种对原发性皮肤感染的致病力可能无差异，新生变种发病较多可能与其分布有关。