肾上腺髓质素与内科疾病

肾上腺髓质素是一种新发现的血管活性多肽，具有扩张血管降低血压，排钠、利尿，抑制血管平滑肌细胞移行、增殖，保护受损心肌，增强心肌收缩等生物学效应。本文就目前对肾上腺髓质素与肺动脉高压、充血性心力衰竭、肾功能衰竭、内毒索性休克、支气管哮喘等内科疾病的关系及其应用于临床治疗的可能性等研究进展作一综述。     

CT在脑性瘫痪早期诊断中的价值

目的探讨CT在小儿脑性瘫痪(脑瘫)早期诊断中的价值。方法对124例小儿脑瘫的头颅CT进行回顾性研究与分析。结果124例中96例头颅CT检查阳性,CT异常率77.42％,其中脑萎缩是最常见的表现(54.84％)。临床类型中痉挛型最多见(71.77％)。不同年龄组中,年龄越小,CT异常率越高。结论虽然CT不能作为诊断脑瘫的主要依据,但有助于早期发现病变,有助于寻找病因及定位,还可以为判断本病的预后提供依据,在脑瘫的早期诊断中具有重要价值。     

免疫性血管炎致冠状动脉扩张的实验研究

川崎病 (Ｋａｗａｓａｋｉｄｉｓｅａｓｅ,ＫＤ)在世界范围内发病率逐年增高 ,目前已成为儿童后天性心脏病的主要病因。本研究采用牛血清白蛋白静脉注射复制家兔实验性血管炎模型 ,进行冠状动脉 (ｃｏｒｏｎａｒｙａｒｔｅｒｙ,ＣＡ)造影和病理组织光镜和电镜检查及相关免疫学检查 ,旨在探讨异种动物蛋白引起幼兔免疫性血管炎的病理特点 ,以及是否可作为ＫＤ血管病变实验性动物模型的方法。材料及方法1.实验对象 :实验组 1:日本大耳幼年家兔 (简称幼兔 ) 2 5只 ,周龄 3～ 4周 ,体重 80 0ｇ以下 ,雌雄不拘。实验组 2 :日本大耳成年兔 10只 ,…     

Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Mediated Gene Therapy for Breast Cancer-An In Vitro Study

Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), also designated as Apo-2 ligand, is a typical member of the structurally related tumor necrosis factor (TNF) ligand family. It has been shown that TRAIL only induces the apoptosis of cancer cells rather than normal cells. This characteristic offers a new target for cancer treatment[1]. In fact, TRAIL gene has been successfully used for the treatment of cancer[2]. Viruses have been the common vectors used in TRAIL gene t…     

CT在脑性瘫痪早期诊断中的价值

目的 探讨CT在小儿脑性瘫痪（脑瘫）早期诊断中的价值。方法 对124例小儿脑瘫的头颅CT进行回顾性研究与分析。结果 124例中96例头颅CT检查阳性，CT异常率77.42％，其中脑萎缩是最常见的表现（54.84％），临床类型中痉挛型最多见（71.77％）。不同年龄组中，年龄越小，CT异常率越高。结论 虽然CT不能作为诊断脑瘫的主要依据，但有助于早期发现病变，有助于寻找病因及定位，还可以为判断本病的预后提供依据，在脑瘫的早期诊断中具有重要价值。     

免疫性血管炎致冠状动脉损伤的实验研究

目的 探讨异种动物蛋白所致家兔免疫性血管炎的病理特点,为建立川崎病动物模型提供实验依据。方法用牛血清白蛋白重复静脉注射复制兔的免疫性血管炎模型,25只幼兔作为实验A组,10只成年兔作为实验B组,10只幼兔为正常对照组。分别做冠状动脉造影、冠状动脉组织病理分析和相关免疫学检查。结果 经大体标本肉眼观察和冠状动脉造影证实:实验A组中有6只发现有冠状动脉扩张,实验B组均未出现冠状动脉扩张。病理检查:光镜下见实验A、B组均出现不同程度内皮细胞肿胀、坏死、内皮下组织水肿、血管壁炎性细胞浸润和弹力纤维断裂等改变,实验B组的病理改变较轻,且实验A组中冠脉扩张者比无冠脉扩张者病理损伤重;电镜检查:实验A组冠状动脉组织出现不同程度内皮细胞肿胀、坏死、脱落、染色质浓聚、平滑肌细胞轻度变性、线粒体肿胀及内质网扩大等改变。实验B组仅见内皮细胞肿胀和轻度平滑肌细胞变性。结论 首次发现用牛血清白蛋白诱导幼兔免疫性血管炎,可导致冠状动脉扩张,其病理改变与川崎病相似,可作为建立川崎病的实验动物模型方法;提供了免疫性血管炎可引起幼龄动物冠状动脉扩张的实验依据。     

Use of PEI-coated Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles as Gene Vectors

Summary: To evaluate the feasibility of using polyethyleneimine (PEI) coated magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (polyMAG-1000) as gerle vectors. The surface characteristics of the nanoparticles were observed with scanning electron microscopy. The ability of the nanoparticles to combine with and protect DNA was investigated at different PH values after polyMAG-1000 and DNA were combined in different ratios. The nanoparticles were tested as gene vectors with in vitro transfection models. Under the scanning electron microscope the nanoparticles were about 100 nm in diameter.The nanoparticles could bind and condense DNA under acid, neutral and alkaline conditions, and they could transfer genes into cells and express green fluorescent proteins (GFP). The transfection efficiency was highest (51%) when the ratio of nanoparticles to DNA was 1 : 1 (v:w). In that ratio, the difference in transfection efficiency was marked depending on whether a magnetic field was present or not: about 10 % when it was absent but 51% when it was present. The magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles coated with PEI may potentially be used as gene vectors.     

Immune Vasculitis Induced Atherosclerosis

Summary： The relationship between immune vasculitis and atherosclerosis was studied. The experimental model of weanling rabbits for immune vasculitis was reproduced by intravenous injection of 10% bovine serum albumin. There were 6 groups： group A, 25 weanling rabbits with immune vasculitis subject to coronary arteriography; group B, 10 normal mature rabbits subject to coronary arteriography; group C, 10 weanling rabbits subject to coronary arteriography, group D, 8 weanling rabbits with vasculitis and cholesterol diet; group E, 8 weanling rabbits receiving single cholesterol diet; group F： 8 weanling rabbits receiving basic diet. Four weeks later, coronary arteriography was performed in groups A, B and C. The rabbits in groups D, E and F were sacrificed for the study of pathological changes in the coronary artery after 12 weeks. The results showed that the dilatation of coronary artery occurred in 6 rabbits of group A, but in groups B and C, no dilatation of coronary artery appeared. In comparison with group E, more severe atherosclerosis occurred in group D, showing the thickened plaque, fibrous sclerosis and atherosclerotic lesion. Percentage of plaques covering aortic intima, incidence of atherosclerosis of small coronary arteries and degree of stenosis of coronary arteries were significantly higher in group D than in group E （P〈0.01）. No atherosclerosis changes were found in group F. It was concluded that in the acute phase, the serum immune vasculitis can induce the dilatation of coronary artery of some weanling rabbits, and aggravate the formation of atherosclerosis in rabbits fed with cholesterol diet. Immune vasculitis is a new risk factor of atherosclerosis and ischemic heart disease.     

一氧化氮、一氧化氮合成酶在免疫性血管炎致动脉粥样硬化中的作用

目的探讨一氧化氮(NO)、一氧化氮合成酶(NOS)在免疫性血管炎致动脉粥样硬化(AS)中的作用。方法4周龄雄性大耳兔24只分为3组。A组:基础饲料喂养对照组8只;B组:胆固醇喂饲组8只;C组:10%牛血清清蛋白注射并喂饲胆固醇饲料8只。实验满4周,A、B、C3组分别取心脏做主动脉组织病理学检查,主动脉血管弹力纤维染色及NOS组织化学染色,测血清NO和血浆血管内皮素(ET)含量。结果B组出现轻度AS,内弹力膜不完整;C组出现严重AS,内弹力膜断裂。3组NOS均呈阳性着色反应,C组阳性着色区域较A、B组明显扩大。C组与B组比较,其脂质斑块面积(PA)增大、小动脉粥样硬化发生率(IA)增高、NOS平均光密度(A)增高,血浆ET含量升高,血清NO含量降低,均有显著差异(P<0.01)。结论免疫性血管炎为AS发病的危险因素,NO/ET平衡失调,NOS活性异常可能参与免疫性血管炎致AS形成的病理过程。     

阳离子聚合物纳米基因载体的研究进展

由于阳离子聚合物等非病毒纳米基因导入载体安全、低毒、装载容量大、制备容易等优点已引起越来越多的关注，对提高其转导效率的研究也较多。该文作者对PLL和PEI等阳离子聚合物纳米基因载体的研究进展进行了综述。