血小板膜糖蛋白Ib／IX／V复合物表达变化：健康者与2型糖尿病患者的样本分析

背景：研究已证实血小板活化参与了糖尿病血管病变的发生发展。血小板膜糖蛋白Ib／IX／V复合物是血小板膜上主要的糖蛋白分子之一，是血管性血友病因子和凝血酶的受体，在血小板活化中起重要作用。 目的：观察2型糖尿病患者血小板膜糖蛋白Ib／IX／V复合物及其组分糖蛋白Ibd表达的变化。 设计：病例一对照实验。 单位：华中科技大学同济医学院附属协和医院中西医结合科。 对象：根据1999年世界卫生组织制定的糖尿病诊断标准选择2005—12／2007-01本院门诊就诊的外周血小板计数〉50×10^9L^-1的2型糖尿病患者51例，男28例，女23例，纳入对象在检查前两周内未服用影响血小板功能的药物。根据病情控制情况将患者分为控制良好组（n=25）和控制不良组（n=26）：根据是否合并血管病变分为合并血管病变组（n=27）和无血管病变组（n=24）。选择同期本院健康体检者23名为健康对照组，年龄、性别与病例组匹配。纳入对象或家属对检测项目和试验知情同意。试验经医院伦理委员会批准。 方法：患者均在清晨就诊时抽取空腹肘静脉血进行检测。健康体检者于来院体检时进行相同检测。①生化指标检测：由本院检验科完成空腹血糖、糖化血红蛋白和空腹面胰岛素的检测。②糖蛋白Ib／IX／V复合物及其组分糖蛋白Ibα的表达的检测：采集清晨空腹静脉血3mL，38g／L枸橼酸钠抗凝后10g／L多聚甲醛固定45min。取50μL固定后全血加至流式检测管，同时分别向不同管中加入20μL糖蛋白Ib／IX／V复合物单克隆抗体CD42a—b-c-d和PE标记的糖蛋白Ibα单克隆抗体CD42b，混匀后室温避光孵育30min，然后CD42a—b-c-d标记的样品中加入20uLFITC标记的羊抗鼠IgG混匀后室温避光孵育30min。于FACS420型流式细胞仪上检测样本平均荧光强度。③血小板聚集率测定：参照文献检测血小?     

伤科熏洗方对类风湿性关节炎患者血清肿瘤坏死因子-α和白细胞介素-1β水平的影响

目的探讨伤科熏洗方对类风湿性关节炎(RA)的疗效及其对RA患者血清肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)和白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)水平的调节作用。方法选取110例RA活动期患者,随机分为治疗组和对照组,每组55例。治疗组采用伤科熏洗方联合西药治疗,对照组仅用西药治疗,共4周。观察2组的临床疗效以及治疗前后临床症状和实验室指标的变化,采用ELISA法检测患者血清TNF-α和IL-1β水平。结果治疗组和对照组总有效率分别为72.7%和49.1%,治疗组明显高于对照组(P0.05)。治疗组和对照组临床症状均明显改善(P0.05),但治疗组明显优于对照组(P0.05)。治疗组血沉、C反应蛋白、TNF-α和IL-1β水平均明显降低(P0.05),对照组无明显变化(P0.05)。结论伤科熏洗方下调TNF-α和IL-1β可能是其治疗RA的重要机制之一。     

葫芦巴提取物对肾病综合征大鼠肾损伤的保护作用

目的 观察葫芦巴总皂苷改善阿霉素诱导的肾病综合征大鼠肾脏损伤的作用.方法 30只SD雄性大鼠随机分为对照组、模型组和治疗组,每组10只.采用一次性尾静脉注射盐酸阿霉素,制备肾脏损伤模型,分别在治疗第0、1、2、3和4周检测大鼠24 h尿蛋白排泄量.治疗4周后,各组大鼠处死后取双肾称重,计算肾重指数;肾组织行苏木精-伊红染色,光镜下观察形态学改变;并取血检测血清总蛋白(TP)、清蛋白(ALB)、血清肌酐(SCr)、血尿素氮(BUN)、血糖(BG)、总胆固醇(TC)和三酰甘油(TG).结果 从治疗第1～4周,治疗组和模型组24 h尿蛋白排泄量明显高于对照组(P均＜0.01),而治疗组明显低于模型组(P均＜0.01);治疗结束后,治疗组与模型组肾重指数、TC和TG均明显高于对照组(P均＜0.05),而治疗组上述指标均明显低于模型组(P均＜0.05);模型组TP和ALB明显低于对照组(P均＜0.05),而治疗组上述指标均明显高于模型组(P均＜0.05);肾组织苏木精-伊红染色显示,模型组出现明显的病理形态学改变,而治疗组病理损害明显减轻.结论 葫芦巴总皂苷对阿霉素肾病大鼠肾脏损伤具有明显的保护作用.     

Subcutaneous <Emphasis Type="Italic">versus</Emphasis> Intravenous Bortezomib Administration for Multiple Myeloma Patients: a Meta-analysis

Bortezomib, the first potent therapeutic proteasome inhibitor, has been suggested as a standard care in patients with newly diagnosed and relapsed multiple myeloma (MM). However, evidence bearing on the efficacy and safety of subcutaneous (SC) versus intravenous (IV) administration of bortezomib for MM patients is controversial. Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies were enrolled in our meta-analysis to investigate the efficacy and safety of bortezomib via SC vs. IV administration on MM patients. Sixteen trials with a total of2575 patients with MM (SC, n=1191; IV, n=1384) were included in our meta-analysis. There were no significant differences between these two arms regarding overall response rate (ORR), complete response (CR), or very good partial response (VGPR). The pooled RRs for rate of adverse events (AEs), such as thrombocytopenia and bortezomib-induced peripheral neuropathy (BIPN), were 0.79 (95% CI: 0.68-0.92) and 0.63 (95% CI: 0.51-0.79), respectively. Moreover, there was much more largely decreased incidence of grade 3 and higher thrombocytopenia and BIPN in bortezomib SC administration than IV route. In general, alternative SC administration should be considered instead of IV administration in use of bortezomib for patients with MM. Key words: bortezomib; multiple myeloma; meta-analysis; subcutaneous administration     

消瘀止血片对慢性肾功能衰竭患者血小板膜糖蛋白Ib/IX/V复合物的影响

选取2006年2月-2007年6月在华中科技大学同济医学院附属协和医院中阿医结合科门诊及病房的51例早中期慢性肾功能衰竭（CRF）患者,均符合CRF诊断标准（王海燕主编．肾脏病学．第2版．北京：人民卫生出版社,1996：1385）。其中男28例,女23例;年龄21～67岁,平均（44．26±15．00）岁;病程1～7年,平均（3．19±1．66）年。其中代偿期15例,失代偿期23例,衰竭期13例,无尿毒症期。     

Effects of salivae miltiorrhizae liguspyragine hydrochloride and glucose injection (参芎葡萄糖注射液) on the levels of main platelet thrombin receptors in chronic haemodialysis patients

Objective:To investigate the effects of Salvia Miltiorrhiza Liguspyragine Hydrochloride and Glucose Injection(参芎葡萄糖注射液,SLGI) on the expression of platelet membrane receptors proteinase-activated receptor-1(PAR1) and proteinase-activated receptor-4(PAR4) in end-stage renal disease(ESRD) patients on chronic haemodialysis(HD).Methods:Eighty-six ESRD patients on HD(treated group) were treated with SLGI,7 days as one therapeutic course,for two successive courses.The previous therapies were unchanged.Flow cytometry was used to assess the expression of platelet PAR1 and PAR4 in the patients,and turbidity method was used to determine the platelet maximum aggregation rate(MAR).Meanwhile,renal function was measured.The final data were compared with those before treatment and with those in the normal control group(54 healthy subjects).Results:Compared with the normal control group,the expressions of PAR1 and PAR4 and platelet MAR in ESRD patients on HD was significantly higher before treatment(P=0.001,P=0.006, and P=0.008);after treatment with SLGI,the above indices in patients were remarkably decreased(P=0.036 and P=0.046),except PAR4(P=0.067),but still higher than those in the normal control group,however,it was not statistically significant.Conclusions:(1) The overexpression of PAR1 and PAR4 might lead to increased platelet aggregation and this could be one of the reasons for the thrombotic events in ESRD patients on HD.(2) SLGI was able to down-regulate the expression of PAR1 in ESRD patients on HD,improve platelet function,and regulate platelet activation.     

出血性血小板病患者凝血酶受体GPIb／IX／V复合物表达研究

目的观察出血性血小板病患者的血小板膜糖蛋白（GP）Ib／IX／V复合物及其组分GP Ibα的表达。方法采用流式细胞术检测68例出血性血小板病患者在出血期的血小板GPIb／IX／V复合物和GP Ibα的表达，采用比浊法检测其血小板最大聚集率（MA），并与33例出血控制者及32例正常健康者比较。结果出血性血小板病患者在出血期间GPIb／IX／V复合物、GP Ibα表达明显低于正常组（P均〈0．01），出血控制者的GPIb／IX／V复合物、GP Ibα表达与正常组比较无显著性差异（P均〉0．05）。结论血小板GPIb／Ⅸ／V复合物作为凝血酶和血管性血友病因子的受体，在出血性血小板病患者体内的表达下降，导致血小板聚集功能障碍，可能是本病反复发作出血倾向的重要原因之一。     

磺脲类降糖药继发性失效2型糖尿病患者血清瘦素水平的变化

目的 观察磺脲类(SU)降糖药继发性失效2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者血清瘦素水平,探讨瘦素水平与其他代谢指标的相关性.方法 选择60例磺脲类降糖药继发性失效T2DM患者(SFS组)、30例血糖控制良好的T2DM患者(WCP组)和20例健康志愿者(NC组).采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA法)检测3组受检者的瘦素水平,同时检测生化指标、胰岛素水平等,并进行相关性分析.结果 WCP组患者血清瘦素水平[(10.2±3.6)ng/ml]与NC组[(6.6±2.3)ng/ml]比较,SFS组患者血清瘦素水平[(14.8±3.9)ng/ml]与WCP组比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05);WCP组及SFS组患者的空腹胰岛素水平[分别为(16.5±7.2)μU/L和(17.5±7.5)μU/L]、胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)[分别为(4.1±2.9)和(4.3±2.9)]与NC组[分别为(13.9±6.8)μU/L和(2.7±1.6)]比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).相关性分析显示,SFS组患者血清瘦素水平与空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖、糖化血红蛋白、体质指数、空腹胰岛素、HOMA-IR、三酰甘油及低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平呈正相关(P＜0.05),与高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平呈负相关(P＜0.05).结论 瘦素和胰岛素抵抗相互作用,可能在磺脲类降糖药继发性失效发病中起重要作用.     

Synthesis and characterization of surface-modified Fe3O4 super-paramagnetic nanoparticles

Aqueous dispersion and stability of Fe304 nanoparticles remain an issue unresolved since aggregation of naked iron nanoparticles in water. In this study, we successfully synthesized different Fe304 super-paramagnetic nanoparticles which were modified by three kinds of materials [DSPE-MPEG2000, TiO2 and poly acrylic acid （PAA）] and further detected their characteristics. Trans- mission electron microscopy （TEM） clearly showed sizes and morphology of the four kinds of nanopar- ticles. X-ray diffraction （XRD） proved successfully coating of the three kinds of nanoparticles and their structures were maintained. Vibrating sample magnetometer （VSM） verified that their magnetic proper- ties fitted for the super-paramagnetic function. More importantly, the particle size analysis indicated that Fe304@PAA had a better size distribution, biocompatibility, stability and dispersion than the other two kinds of nanoparticles. In addition, using CNE2 cells as a model, we found that all nanoparticles were nontoxic. Taken together, our data suggest that Fe304@PAA nanoaparticles are superior in the applica- tion of biomedical field among the four kinds ofFe304 nanoparticles in the future.     

血清脂联素水平在磺脲类药物继发性失效的2型糖尿病患者中的变化及临床意义

目的观察磺脲类降糖药（SU）继发性失效2型糖尿病患者血清脂联素水平与血糖控制良好2型糖尿病患者及正常人之间的差异。方法采用ELISA法检测所有受试者血清脂联素水平,同时检测血糖和血脂,计算体重指数,进行相关性分析。结果血糖控制良好的患者脂联素明显低于正常人（P〈0．05）,SU继发性失效的患者明显低于血糖控制良好的患者（P〈0．05）;两组2型糖尿病患者胰岛素抵抗水平均明显高于正常人（P均〈0．05）,而两组患者比较无明显差异（P〉0．05）。SU继发性失效患者脂联素水平与空腹血糖、餐后2小时血糖、糖化血红蛋白、体重指数、空腹胰岛素、胰岛素抵抗指数、胆固醇、总甘油三酯及低密度脂蛋白胆固醇呈明显负相关（P均〈0．05）,与高密度脂蛋白胆固醇呈明显正相关（P〈0．05）。结论脂联素水平下降和胰岛素抵抗相互影响,可能参与了2型糖尿病SU继发性失效的发生发展。