排序方式: 共有19条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
1 病原
心肌炎是心肌的一种炎症性病变,可分为感染性和非感染性两大类.非感染性包括过敏或变态反应性心肌炎,如风湿性心肌炎以及理化和药物引起的中毒性心肌炎等.感染可由各种病原体引起,但目前除个别国家尚有相当数量的白喉杆菌及南美洲锥虫病(Chagas)引起的心肌炎外,绝大多数属病毒性心肌炎类(VMC)[1].
…… 相似文献
2.
Pamina M. Gorbach Barbara S. Mensch Marla Husnik Astou Coly Benoit Mâsse Bonus Makanani Chiwawa Nkhoma Lameck Chinula Tchangani Tembo Stan Mierzwa Kimberly Reynolds Stacey Hurst Anne Coletti Andrew Forsyth 《AIDS and behavior》2013,17(2):790-800
In a microbicide safety and effectiveness trial (HPTN 035) in Malawi, 585 women completed the same questionnaire through a face-to-face interview (FTFI) and an audio computer-assisted self-interview (ACASI). Concordance between FTFI and ACASI responses ranged from 72.0 % for frequency of sex in the past week to 95.2 % for anal intercourse (AI) in the past 3 months. Reported gel and condom use at last sex act were marginally lower with ACASI than FTFI (73.5 % vs. 77.2 %, p = 0.11 and 60.9 % vs. 65.5 %, p = 0.05, respectively). More women reported AI with ACASI than FTFI (5.0 % vs. 0.2 %, p < 0.001). Analyses of consistency of responses within ACASI revealed that 15.0 % of participants in the condom-only arm and 28.7 % in the gel arm provided at least one discrepant answer regarding total sex acts and sex acts where condom and gel were used (19.2 % reported one inconsistent answer, 8.1 % reported two inconsistent answers, and 1.4 % reported three inconsistent answers). While ACASI may provide more accurate assessments of sensitive behaviors in HIV prevention trials, it also results in a high level of internally inconsistent responses. 相似文献
3.
Karin Hatzold Stephano Gudukeya Miriam N Mutseta Richard Chilongosi Mutinta Nalubamba Chiwawa Nkhoma Hambweka Munkombwe Malvern Munjoma Phillip Mkandawire Varaidzo Mabhunu Gina Smith Ngonidzashe Madidi Hussein Ahmed Taurai Kambeu Petra Stankard Cheryl C Johnson Elizabeth L Corbett 《Journal of the International AIDS Society》2019,22(Z1)
4.
Collin Mangenah Lawrence Mwenge Linda Sande Nurilign Ahmed Marc d'Elbe Progress Chiwawa Tariro Chigwenah Sarah Kanema Miriam N Mutseta Mutinta Nalubamba Richard Chilongosi Pitchaya Indravudh Euphemia L Sibanda Melissa Neuman Getrude Ncube Jason J Ong Owen Mugurungi Karin Hatzold Cheryl C Johnson Helen Ayles Elizabeth L Corbett Frances M Cowan Hendramoorthy Maheswaran Fern Terris‐Prestholt 《Journal of the International AIDS Society》2019,22(Z1)
5.
Taha TE Kumwenda N Kafulafula G Kumwenda J Chitale R Nkhoma C Katundu P Mukiibi J Chen S Hoover D Broadhead R 《Annals of tropical paediatrics》2004,24(4):301-309
We assessed the safety of short-term antiretroviral prophylaxis to prevent mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV by monitoring haematological changes in children up to the age of 18 months. Babies of HIV-infected women were randomised at birth to receive a single dose of nevirapine (NVP) alone or with zidovudine (ZDV) twice daily for a week. Based on the time of presentation to the labour ward, mothers of these babies might or might not have received intrapartum NVP. Complete blood counts were performed at birth and at 1.5, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15 and 18 months. Babies' HIV status was determined by HIV-1 RNA testing. A total of 1755 babies were included in the study. Age-specific mean haemoglobin levels and prevalence of anaemia (haemoglobin < 10 g/dL) were not significantly different in cases where only the babies received a single dose of NVP and cases where NVP was given to mother/infant pairs or additional ZDV to the baby. Among HIV-infected children compared with uninfected children, the age-specific frequency of anaemia was significantly greater, anaemia started earlier and recovery to normal levels was slower and prolonged. A reversible granulocytopenia was observed in all children between 1.5 and 3 months of age. HIV infection significantly increased the children's risk of death. Antiretroviral prophylaxis appeared to protect against anaemia and child death. Short regimens of antiretrovirals to prevent MTCT of HIV are not associated with long-term adverse haematological changes. 相似文献
6.
7.
8.
Late postnatal transmission of HIV-1 and associated factors 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Taha TE Hoover DR Kumwenda NI Fiscus SA Kafulafula G Nkhoma C Chen S Piwowar E Broadhead RL Jackson JB Miotti PG 《The Journal of infectious diseases》2007,196(1):10-14
BACKGROUND: The present study was undertaken to determine the risk and timing of late postnatal transmission (LPT) of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). METHODS: Breast-fed infants previously enrolled in 2 trials of antiretroviral prophylaxis were monitored in Malawi. Kaplan-Meier and proportional hazard models assessed cumulative incidence and association of factors with LPT. RESULTS: Overall, 98 infants were HIV infected, and 1158 were uninfected. The cumulative risk of LPT at age 24 months was 9.68% (95% confidence interval, 7.80%-11.56%). The interval hazards at 1.5-6, 6-12, 12-18, and 18-24 months were 1.22%, 4.05%, 3.48%, and 1.27%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The risk of LPT beyond 6 months is substantial. Weaning at 6 months could prevent >85% of LPT. 相似文献
9.
10.