葡萄糖酸锌片辅助治疗小儿急性腹泻的疗效

目的 观察葡萄糖酸锌片辅助治疗小儿急性腹泻的临床疗效.方法 将200例急性腹泻患儿按随机数字表法分为2组:观察组和对照组,每组100例.2组患儿均给予蒙脱石散口服,补充液体纠正脱水、维持电解质平衡及抗感染等治疗.在此基础上,观察组加用葡萄糖酸锌片治疗.观察2组患儿临床疗效及腹泻停止时间等情况.结果 观察组、对照组总有效率分别为93.0%、83.0%,2组比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);观察组、对照组腹泻停止时间分别为(3.51±0.64)、(5.02±1.75)d,2组比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).结论 葡萄糖酸锌片辅助治疗小儿急性腹泻有较好的疗效.     

大鼠肠缺血再灌注损伤后肠黏膜差异表达蛋白质组的分离与鉴定

3、醛脱氢酶和醛糖还原酶,前3种酶与改善能量代谢相关,后3种酶与抗氧化应激、抑制凋亡相关.结论 建立了重复性较好的正常与II/R损伤后大鼠肠黏膜组织的双向凝胶电泳图谱.II/R的损伤机制可能与顺乌头酸酶、丙酮酸激酶、细胞色素C还原酶、蛋白二硫化物异构酶A3、醛脱氧酶和醛糖还原酶的下调有关.     

缺血预处理-后处理对大鼠肠缺血再灌注损伤的影响

Objective To evaluate the effects of ischemic preconditioning-postconditioning on the intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury in rats. Methods Forty healthy male SD weighing 225-275 g were randomly assigned into 5 groups ( n = 8 each): group I sham operation (group S) ; group II intestinal IR (group IIR); group Ⅲ ischemic preconditioning (group Ipr); group IV ischemic postconditioning (group Ipo); group V Ipr+ Ipo. The rats were anesthetized with intraperitonel 20% urethane 5 ml/kg. Superior mesenteric artery (SMA) was occluded for 60 min followed by 60 min reperfusion. In group S, SMA was isolated but not occluded. In group Ipr, SMA was occluded for 10 min followed by 10 min reperfusion, and the rest procedures were performed using the method described in group IIR. In group Ipo, 60 min ischemia was followed by three 30 s episodes of ischemia at 30 s intervals for reperfusion. In group Ipr+ Ipo, Ipr was performed followed by Ipo and the procedures were performed using the methods described in group Ipr and Ipo. The animals were killed at 60 min of reperfusion. The intestinal tissues were immediately removed for determination of MDA content, SOD and MPO activities and the degree of damage to intestinal mucous membrane was scored according to Chiu score. Arterial blood samples were taken for determination of plasma concentrations of TNF-α and 1L-6. Results Compared with group S, Chiu score, MDA content, MPO activity, and plasma concentrations of TNF-α and IL-6 were significantly increased, whereas SOD activity decreased in the other 4 groups ( P < 0.05). Chiu score, MDA content, MPO activity, and plasma concentrations of TNF-α and IL-6 were significantly decreased, whereas SOD activity increased in group Ipr, Ipo and Ipr + Ipo as compared with group IIR ( P < 0.05). Chiu score and MDA content were significantly lower, whereas SOD activity higher in group Ipr + Ipo than in group Ipr and Ipo ( P < 0.05). No significant differences were detected in the indices between group Ipr and group Ipo ( P > 0.05). Conclusion Ischemic preconditioning-postconditioning can attenuate the intestinal IR injury in rats, and the efficacy is better than that of either Ipr or Ipo alone.     

大鼠肠缺血再灌注时肺组织β-防御素-2 mRNA表达的变化

目的 观察大鼠肠缺血再灌注时肺组织β-防御素-2(BD-2)mRNA表达的变化.方法 72只雄性SD大鼠随机分为2组(n=36):假手术组(S组)和肠缺血再灌注组(II/R组).采用夹闭肠系膜上动脉(SMA)的方法制备肠缺血再灌注模型.II/R组阻断SMA 1 h后再灌注,S组仅分离SMA.分别于再灌注即刻(T0),再灌注15(T1)、30(T2)、60 min(T3)、3 h(T4)和6 h(T5)时处死6只大鼠,取肺组织,光镜下观察肺组织病理学结果,计算肺通透性指数(PPI),检测肺组织肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)含量和BD-2 mRNA表达水平.结果 S组肺组织结构未见异常,II/R组出现肺水肿和中性粒细胞浸润.与S组比较,II/R组再灌注各时点PPI升高,BD-2 mRNA表达上调,T0-3时TNF-a含量升高(P＜0.05或0.01).II/R组BD-2 mRNA表达水平与TNF-a含量及PPI的相关系数分别为0.823和-0.615(P＜0.01).结论 大鼠肠缺血再灌注时肺组织BD-2基因表达上调.     

帕瑞昔布钠用于老年患者髋关节置换术术后镇痛的研究

目的:观察帕瑞昔布钠用于老年患者髋关节置换术术后的镇痛效果,探讨合适的镇痛方案。方法:择期行髋关节置换术患者60例,随机分为帕瑞昔布钠组(P组)和芬太尼组(F组),每组30例。两组均采用腰硬联合麻醉,P组于切皮前给予帕瑞昔布钠40mg iv,切皮后12h、24h、36h各给予帕瑞昔布钠40mg iv。F组于切皮前给予芬太尼50ug,术后给予静脉镇痛,芬太尼0.8mg+0.9%氯化钠溶液至100ml,每小时泵注2ml。采用VAS评分评估镇痛效果,记录术后2、8、12、24、36和48h的VAS评分,恶心、呕吐等不良反应的发生情况以及患者对镇痛效果的总体满意度。结果:两组患者均可获得较好的镇痛效果,P组头晕、恶心、呕吐、瘙痒等不良反应发生率明显低于F组(P0.01),P组镇痛满意度明显高于F组(P0.01)。结论:帕瑞昔布钠用于老年髋关节置换术后的镇痛效果确切,不良反应的发生率更低且镇痛满意度更高。     

缺血预处理-后处理对大鼠肠缺血再灌注损伤的影响

Objective To evaluate the effects of ischemic preconditioning-postconditioning on the intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury in rats. Methods Forty healthy male SD weighing 225-275 g were randomly assigned into 5 groups ( n = 8 each): group I sham operation (group S) ; group II intestinal IR (group IIR); group Ⅲ ischemic preconditioning (group Ipr); group IV ischemic postconditioning (group Ipo); group V Ipr+ Ipo. The rats were anesthetized with intraperitonel 20% urethane 5 ml/kg. Superior mesenteric artery (SMA) was occluded for 60 min followed by 60 min reperfusion. In group S, SMA was isolated but not occluded. In group Ipr, SMA was occluded for 10 min followed by 10 min reperfusion, and the rest procedures were performed using the method described in group IIR. In group Ipo, 60 min ischemia was followed by three 30 s episodes of ischemia at 30 s intervals for reperfusion. In group Ipr+ Ipo, Ipr was performed followed by Ipo and the procedures were performed using the methods described in group Ipr and Ipo. The animals were killed at 60 min of reperfusion. The intestinal tissues were immediately removed for determination of MDA content, SOD and MPO activities and the degree of damage to intestinal mucous membrane was scored according to Chiu score. Arterial blood samples were taken for determination of plasma concentrations of TNF-α and 1L-6. Results Compared with group S, Chiu score, MDA content, MPO activity, and plasma concentrations of TNF-α and IL-6 were significantly increased, whereas SOD activity decreased in the other 4 groups ( P < 0.05). Chiu score, MDA content, MPO activity, and plasma concentrations of TNF-α and IL-6 were significantly decreased, whereas SOD activity increased in group Ipr, Ipo and Ipr + Ipo as compared with group IIR ( P < 0.05). Chiu score and MDA content were significantly lower, whereas SOD activity higher in group Ipr + Ipo than in group Ipr and Ipo ( P < 0.05). No significant differences were detected in the indices between group Ipr and group Ipo ( P > 0.05). Conclusion Ischemic preconditioning-postconditioning can attenuate the intestinal IR injury in rats, and the efficacy is better than that of either Ipr or Ipo alone.     

缺血预处理-后处理对大鼠肠缺血再灌注损伤的影响

Objective To evaluate the effects of ischemic preconditioning-postconditioning on the intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury in rats. Methods Forty healthy male SD weighing 225-275 g were randomly assigned into 5 groups ( n = 8 each): group I sham operation (group S) ; group II intestinal IR (group IIR); group Ⅲ ischemic preconditioning (group Ipr); group IV ischemic postconditioning (group Ipo); group V Ipr+ Ipo. The rats were anesthetized with intraperitonel 20% urethane 5 ml/kg. Superior mesenteric artery (SMA) was occluded for 60 min followed by 60 min reperfusion. In group S, SMA was isolated but not occluded. In group Ipr, SMA was occluded for 10 min followed by 10 min reperfusion, and the rest procedures were performed using the method described in group IIR. In group Ipo, 60 min ischemia was followed by three 30 s episodes of ischemia at 30 s intervals for reperfusion. In group Ipr+ Ipo, Ipr was performed followed by Ipo and the procedures were performed using the methods described in group Ipr and Ipo. The animals were killed at 60 min of reperfusion. The intestinal tissues were immediately removed for determination of MDA content, SOD and MPO activities and the degree of damage to intestinal mucous membrane was scored according to Chiu score. Arterial blood samples were taken for determination of plasma concentrations of TNF-α and 1L-6. Results Compared with group S, Chiu score, MDA content, MPO activity, and plasma concentrations of TNF-α and IL-6 were significantly increased, whereas SOD activity decreased in the other 4 groups ( P < 0.05). Chiu score, MDA content, MPO activity, and plasma concentrations of TNF-α and IL-6 were significantly decreased, whereas SOD activity increased in group Ipr, Ipo and Ipr + Ipo as compared with group IIR ( P < 0.05). Chiu score and MDA content were significantly lower, whereas SOD activity higher in group Ipr + Ipo than in group Ipr and Ipo ( P < 0.05). No significant differences were detected in the indices between group Ipr and group Ipo ( P > 0.05). Conclusion Ischemic preconditioning-postconditioning can attenuate the intestinal IR injury in rats, and the efficacy is better than that of either Ipr or Ipo alone.     

金属生物材料的抗腐蚀性能和生物相容性研究

研究金属生物材料的目的就是要使生物材料代替组织器官，在其完成功能的同时，应与周围组织匹配并且毒性反应最小。本文介绍一些金属生物材料的抗腐蚀性能和生物相容性，为组织工程与外科移植提供技术支持。腐蚀问题、力学性能问题、材料与组织相容性问题三方面应综合考虑。     

缺血后处理抗大鼠肠缺血-再灌注损伤的蛋白质组学研究

目的 研究缺血后处理(ischemic postconditioning,IPo)抗大鼠肠缺血-再灌注(intestinal ischemic/reperfusion injury,IL/R)损伤后肠黏膜的蛋白质变化,探讨其可能的肠保护机制.方法 16只雄性SD大鼠,随机分为IL/R组和IPo组.IL/R组阻断肠系膜上动脉60 min后再开放60min,IPo组在阻断肠系膜上动脉60 min后行三个循环灌注30 s/,阻断30 s,余同IL/R组.再灌注结束即刻在距回肠末端5 cm处取20 cm小肠刮取肠黏膜,利用高分辨双向电泳对肠黏膜组织进行蛋白质分离,Image Master 2D Elite 5.0图像软件进行分析,应用基质辅助电离解析飞行时间质谱获取肽质量指纹图谱,检索数据库鉴定差异表达的蛋白质,明确其生物学功能.结果 研究发现10个差异表达的蛋白质点,其中6个在IPo组中表达上调,4个表达下调.9个通过鉴定及功能分析,其中醛糖还原酶、醛脱氢酶与抗氧化应激和抑制凋亡相关.结论 建立了重复性较好的IPo与IL/R损伤后肠黏膜组织的双向电泳图谱.IPo的肠保护机制可能与其上调醛糖还原酶和醛脱氢酶的表达,从而抑制氧化损伤及细胞凋亡有关.     

儿童肾病综合征高凝状态的肝素治疗

肾病综合征常易导致高凝状态,本文研究儿童肾病综合征高凝状态时肝素联合强的松治疗,对其凝血机制及蛋白尿的影响。报告如下。