缺血预处理-后处理对大鼠肠缺血再灌注损伤的影响

Objective To evaluate the effects of ischemic preconditioning-postconditioning on the intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury in rats. Methods Forty healthy male SD weighing 225-275 g were randomly assigned into 5 groups ( n = 8 each): group I sham operation (group S) ; group II intestinal IR (group IIR); group Ⅲ ischemic preconditioning (group Ipr); group IV ischemic postconditioning (group Ipo); group V Ipr+ Ipo. The rats were anesthetized with intraperitonel 20% urethane 5 ml/kg. Superior mesenteric artery (SMA) was occluded for 60 min followed by 60 min reperfusion. In group S, SMA was isolated but not occluded. In group Ipr, SMA was occluded for 10 min followed by 10 min reperfusion, and the rest procedures were performed using the method described in group IIR. In group Ipo, 60 min ischemia was followed by three 30 s episodes of ischemia at 30 s intervals for reperfusion. In group Ipr+ Ipo, Ipr was performed followed by Ipo and the procedures were performed using the methods described in group Ipr and Ipo. The animals were killed at 60 min of reperfusion. The intestinal tissues were immediately removed for determination of MDA content, SOD and MPO activities and the degree of damage to intestinal mucous membrane was scored according to Chiu score. Arterial blood samples were taken for determination of plasma concentrations of TNF-α and 1L-6. Results Compared with group S, Chiu score, MDA content, MPO activity, and plasma concentrations of TNF-α and IL-6 were significantly increased, whereas SOD activity decreased in the other 4 groups ( P < 0.05). Chiu score, MDA content, MPO activity, and plasma concentrations of TNF-α and IL-6 were significantly decreased, whereas SOD activity increased in group Ipr, Ipo and Ipr + Ipo as compared with group IIR ( P < 0.05). Chiu score and MDA content were significantly lower, whereas SOD activity higher in group Ipr + Ipo than in group Ipr and Ipo ( P < 0.05). No significant differences were detected in the indices between group Ipr and group Ipo ( P > 0.05). Conclusion Ischemic preconditioning-postconditioning can attenuate the intestinal IR injury in rats, and the efficacy is better than that of either Ipr or Ipo alone.     

缺血预处理-后处理对大鼠肠缺血再灌注损伤的影响

Objective To evaluate the effects of ischemic preconditioning-postconditioning on the intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury in rats. Methods Forty healthy male SD weighing 225-275 g were randomly assigned into 5 groups ( n = 8 each): group I sham operation (group S) ; group II intestinal IR (group IIR); group Ⅲ ischemic preconditioning (group Ipr); group IV ischemic postconditioning (group Ipo); group V Ipr+ Ipo. The rats were anesthetized with intraperitonel 20% urethane 5 ml/kg. Superior mesenteric artery (SMA) was occluded for 60 min followed by 60 min reperfusion. In group S, SMA was isolated but not occluded. In group Ipr, SMA was occluded for 10 min followed by 10 min reperfusion, and the rest procedures were performed using the method described in group IIR. In group Ipo, 60 min ischemia was followed by three 30 s episodes of ischemia at 30 s intervals for reperfusion. In group Ipr+ Ipo, Ipr was performed followed by Ipo and the procedures were performed using the methods described in group Ipr and Ipo. The animals were killed at 60 min of reperfusion. The intestinal tissues were immediately removed for determination of MDA content, SOD and MPO activities and the degree of damage to intestinal mucous membrane was scored according to Chiu score. Arterial blood samples were taken for determination of plasma concentrations of TNF-α and 1L-6. Results Compared with group S, Chiu score, MDA content, MPO activity, and plasma concentrations of TNF-α and IL-6 were significantly increased, whereas SOD activity decreased in the other 4 groups ( P < 0.05). Chiu score, MDA content, MPO activity, and plasma concentrations of TNF-α and IL-6 were significantly decreased, whereas SOD activity increased in group Ipr, Ipo and Ipr + Ipo as compared with group IIR ( P < 0.05). Chiu score and MDA content were significantly lower, whereas SOD activity higher in group Ipr + Ipo than in group Ipr and Ipo ( P < 0.05). No significant differences were detected in the indices between group Ipr and group Ipo ( P > 0.05). Conclusion Ischemic preconditioning-postconditioning can attenuate the intestinal IR injury in rats, and the efficacy is better than that of either Ipr or Ipo alone.     

缺血预处理-后处理对大鼠肠缺血再灌注损伤的影响

Objective To evaluate the effects of ischemic preconditioning-postconditioning on the intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury in rats. Methods Forty healthy male SD weighing 225-275 g were randomly assigned into 5 groups ( n = 8 each): group I sham operation (group S) ; group II intestinal IR (group IIR); group Ⅲ ischemic preconditioning (group Ipr); group IV ischemic postconditioning (group Ipo); group V Ipr+ Ipo. The rats were anesthetized with intraperitonel 20% urethane 5 ml/kg. Superior mesenteric artery (SMA) was occluded for 60 min followed by 60 min reperfusion. In group S, SMA was isolated but not occluded. In group Ipr, SMA was occluded for 10 min followed by 10 min reperfusion, and the rest procedures were performed using the method described in group IIR. In group Ipo, 60 min ischemia was followed by three 30 s episodes of ischemia at 30 s intervals for reperfusion. In group Ipr+ Ipo, Ipr was performed followed by Ipo and the procedures were performed using the methods described in group Ipr and Ipo. The animals were killed at 60 min of reperfusion. The intestinal tissues were immediately removed for determination of MDA content, SOD and MPO activities and the degree of damage to intestinal mucous membrane was scored according to Chiu score. Arterial blood samples were taken for determination of plasma concentrations of TNF-α and 1L-6. Results Compared with group S, Chiu score, MDA content, MPO activity, and plasma concentrations of TNF-α and IL-6 were significantly increased, whereas SOD activity decreased in the other 4 groups ( P < 0.05). Chiu score, MDA content, MPO activity, and plasma concentrations of TNF-α and IL-6 were significantly decreased, whereas SOD activity increased in group Ipr, Ipo and Ipr + Ipo as compared with group IIR ( P < 0.05). Chiu score and MDA content were significantly lower, whereas SOD activity higher in group Ipr + Ipo than in group Ipr and Ipo ( P < 0.05). No significant differences were detected in the indices between group Ipr and group Ipo ( P > 0.05). Conclusion Ischemic preconditioning-postconditioning can attenuate the intestinal IR injury in rats, and the efficacy is better than that of either Ipr or Ipo alone.     

缺血预处理-后处理对大鼠肠缺血再灌注损伤的影响

Objective To evaluate the effects of ischemic preconditioning-postconditioning on the intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury in rats. Methods Forty healthy male SD weighing 225-275 g were randomly assigned into 5 groups ( n = 8 each): group I sham operation (group S) ; group II intestinal IR (group IIR); group Ⅲ ischemic preconditioning (group Ipr); group IV ischemic postconditioning (group Ipo); group V Ipr+ Ipo. The rats were anesthetized with intraperitonel 20% urethane 5 ml/kg. Superior mesenteric artery (SMA) was occluded for 60 min followed by 60 min reperfusion. In group S, SMA was isolated but not occluded. In group Ipr, SMA was occluded for 10 min followed by 10 min reperfusion, and the rest procedures were performed using the method described in group IIR. In group Ipo, 60 min ischemia was followed by three 30 s episodes of ischemia at 30 s intervals for reperfusion. In group Ipr+ Ipo, Ipr was performed followed by Ipo and the procedures were performed using the methods described in group Ipr and Ipo. The animals were killed at 60 min of reperfusion. The intestinal tissues were immediately removed for determination of MDA content, SOD and MPO activities and the degree of damage to intestinal mucous membrane was scored according to Chiu score. Arterial blood samples were taken for determination of plasma concentrations of TNF-α and 1L-6. Results Compared with group S, Chiu score, MDA content, MPO activity, and plasma concentrations of TNF-α and IL-6 were significantly increased, whereas SOD activity decreased in the other 4 groups ( P < 0.05). Chiu score, MDA content, MPO activity, and plasma concentrations of TNF-α and IL-6 were significantly decreased, whereas SOD activity increased in group Ipr, Ipo and Ipr + Ipo as compared with group IIR ( P < 0.05). Chiu score and MDA content were significantly lower, whereas SOD activity higher in group Ipr + Ipo than in group Ipr and Ipo ( P < 0.05). No significant differences were detected in the indices between group Ipr and group Ipo ( P > 0.05). Conclusion Ischemic preconditioning-postconditioning can attenuate the intestinal IR injury in rats, and the efficacy is better than that of either Ipr or Ipo alone.     

缺血预处理-后处理对大鼠肠缺血再灌注损伤的影响

Objective To evaluate the effects of ischemic preconditioning-postconditioning on the intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury in rats. Methods Forty healthy male SD weighing 225-275 g were randomly assigned into 5 groups ( n = 8 each): group I sham operation (group S) ; group II intestinal IR (group IIR); group Ⅲ ischemic preconditioning (group Ipr); group IV ischemic postconditioning (group Ipo); group V Ipr+ Ipo. The rats were anesthetized with intraperitonel 20% urethane 5 ml/kg. Superior mesenteric artery (SMA) was occluded for 60 min followed by 60 min reperfusion. In group S, SMA was isolated but not occluded. In group Ipr, SMA was occluded for 10 min followed by 10 min reperfusion, and the rest procedures were performed using the method described in group IIR. In group Ipo, 60 min ischemia was followed by three 30 s episodes of ischemia at 30 s intervals for reperfusion. In group Ipr+ Ipo, Ipr was performed followed by Ipo and the procedures were performed using the methods described in group Ipr and Ipo. The animals were killed at 60 min of reperfusion. The intestinal tissues were immediately removed for determination of MDA content, SOD and MPO activities and the degree of damage to intestinal mucous membrane was scored according to Chiu score. Arterial blood samples were taken for determination of plasma concentrations of TNF-α and 1L-6. Results Compared with group S, Chiu score, MDA content, MPO activity, and plasma concentrations of TNF-α and IL-6 were significantly increased, whereas SOD activity decreased in the other 4 groups ( P < 0.05). Chiu score, MDA content, MPO activity, and plasma concentrations of TNF-α and IL-6 were significantly decreased, whereas SOD activity increased in group Ipr, Ipo and Ipr + Ipo as compared with group IIR ( P < 0.05). Chiu score and MDA content were significantly lower, whereas SOD activity higher in group Ipr + Ipo than in group Ipr and Ipo ( P < 0.05). No significant differences were detected in the indices between group Ipr and group Ipo ( P > 0.05). Conclusion Ischemic preconditioning-postconditioning can attenuate the intestinal IR injury in rats, and the efficacy is better than that of either Ipr or Ipo alone.     

缺血预处理-后处理对大鼠肠缺血再灌注损伤的影响

Objective To evaluate the effects of ischemic preconditioning-postconditioning on the intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury in rats. Methods Forty healthy male SD weighing 225-275 g were randomly assigned into 5 groups ( n = 8 each): group I sham operation (group S) ; group II intestinal IR (group IIR); group Ⅲ ischemic preconditioning (group Ipr); group IV ischemic postconditioning (group Ipo); group V Ipr+ Ipo. The rats were anesthetized with intraperitonel 20% urethane 5 ml/kg. Superior mesenteric artery (SMA) was occluded for 60 min followed by 60 min reperfusion. In group S, SMA was isolated but not occluded. In group Ipr, SMA was occluded for 10 min followed by 10 min reperfusion, and the rest procedures were performed using the method described in group IIR. In group Ipo, 60 min ischemia was followed by three 30 s episodes of ischemia at 30 s intervals for reperfusion. In group Ipr+ Ipo, Ipr was performed followed by Ipo and the procedures were performed using the methods described in group Ipr and Ipo. The animals were killed at 60 min of reperfusion. The intestinal tissues were immediately removed for determination of MDA content, SOD and MPO activities and the degree of damage to intestinal mucous membrane was scored according to Chiu score. Arterial blood samples were taken for determination of plasma concentrations of TNF-α and 1L-6. Results Compared with group S, Chiu score, MDA content, MPO activity, and plasma concentrations of TNF-α and IL-6 were significantly increased, whereas SOD activity decreased in the other 4 groups ( P < 0.05). Chiu score, MDA content, MPO activity, and plasma concentrations of TNF-α and IL-6 were significantly decreased, whereas SOD activity increased in group Ipr, Ipo and Ipr + Ipo as compared with group IIR ( P < 0.05). Chiu score and MDA content were significantly lower, whereas SOD activity higher in group Ipr + Ipo than in group Ipr and Ipo ( P < 0.05). No significant differences were detected in the indices between group Ipr and group Ipo ( P > 0.05). Conclusion Ischemic preconditioning-postconditioning can attenuate the intestinal IR injury in rats, and the efficacy is better than that of either Ipr or Ipo alone.     

缺血预处理-后处理对大鼠肠缺血再灌注损伤的影响

Objective To evaluate the effects of ischemic preconditioning-postconditioning on the intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury in rats. Methods Forty healthy male SD weighing 225-275 g were randomly assigned into 5 groups ( n = 8 each): group I sham operation (group S) ; group II intestinal IR (group IIR); group Ⅲ ischemic preconditioning (group Ipr); group IV ischemic postconditioning (group Ipo); group V Ipr+ Ipo. The rats were anesthetized with intraperitonel 20% urethane 5 ml/kg. Superior mesenteric artery (SMA) was occluded for 60 min followed by 60 min reperfusion. In group S, SMA was isolated but not occluded. In group Ipr, SMA was occluded for 10 min followed by 10 min reperfusion, and the rest procedures were performed using the method described in group IIR. In group Ipo, 60 min ischemia was followed by three 30 s episodes of ischemia at 30 s intervals for reperfusion. In group Ipr+ Ipo, Ipr was performed followed by Ipo and the procedures were performed using the methods described in group Ipr and Ipo. The animals were killed at 60 min of reperfusion. The intestinal tissues were immediately removed for determination of MDA content, SOD and MPO activities and the degree of damage to intestinal mucous membrane was scored according to Chiu score. Arterial blood samples were taken for determination of plasma concentrations of TNF-α and 1L-6. Results Compared with group S, Chiu score, MDA content, MPO activity, and plasma concentrations of TNF-α and IL-6 were significantly increased, whereas SOD activity decreased in the other 4 groups ( P < 0.05). Chiu score, MDA content, MPO activity, and plasma concentrations of TNF-α and IL-6 were significantly decreased, whereas SOD activity increased in group Ipr, Ipo and Ipr + Ipo as compared with group IIR ( P < 0.05). Chiu score and MDA content were significantly lower, whereas SOD activity higher in group Ipr + Ipo than in group Ipr and Ipo ( P < 0.05). No significant differences were detected in the indices between group Ipr and group Ipo ( P > 0.05). Conclusion Ischemic preconditioning-postconditioning can attenuate the intestinal IR injury in rats, and the efficacy is better than that of either Ipr or Ipo alone.     

缺血预处理-后处理对大鼠肠缺血再灌注损伤的影响

Objective To evaluate the effects of ischemic preconditioning-postconditioning on the intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury in rats. Methods Forty healthy male SD weighing 225-275 g were randomly assigned into 5 groups ( n = 8 each): group I sham operation (group S) ; group II intestinal IR (group IIR); group Ⅲ ischemic preconditioning (group Ipr); group IV ischemic postconditioning (group Ipo); group V Ipr+ Ipo. The rats were anesthetized with intraperitonel 20% urethane 5 ml/kg. Superior mesenteric artery (SMA) was occluded for 60 min followed by 60 min reperfusion. In group S, SMA was isolated but not occluded. In group Ipr, SMA was occluded for 10 min followed by 10 min reperfusion, and the rest procedures were performed using the method described in group IIR. In group Ipo, 60 min ischemia was followed by three 30 s episodes of ischemia at 30 s intervals for reperfusion. In group Ipr+ Ipo, Ipr was performed followed by Ipo and the procedures were performed using the methods described in group Ipr and Ipo. The animals were killed at 60 min of reperfusion. The intestinal tissues were immediately removed for determination of MDA content, SOD and MPO activities and the degree of damage to intestinal mucous membrane was scored according to Chiu score. Arterial blood samples were taken for determination of plasma concentrations of TNF-α and 1L-6. Results Compared with group S, Chiu score, MDA content, MPO activity, and plasma concentrations of TNF-α and IL-6 were significantly increased, whereas SOD activity decreased in the other 4 groups ( P < 0.05). Chiu score, MDA content, MPO activity, and plasma concentrations of TNF-α and IL-6 were significantly decreased, whereas SOD activity increased in group Ipr, Ipo and Ipr + Ipo as compared with group IIR ( P < 0.05). Chiu score and MDA content were significantly lower, whereas SOD activity higher in group Ipr + Ipo than in group Ipr and Ipo ( P < 0.05). No significant differences were detected in the indices between group Ipr and group Ipo ( P > 0.05). Conclusion Ischemic preconditioning-postconditioning can attenuate the intestinal IR injury in rats, and the efficacy is better than that of either Ipr or Ipo alone.     

缺血预处理-后处理对大鼠肠缺血再灌注损伤的影响

Objective To evaluate the effects of ischemic preconditioning-postconditioning on the intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury in rats. Methods Forty healthy male SD weighing 225-275 g were randomly assigned into 5 groups ( n = 8 each): group I sham operation (group S) ; group II intestinal IR (group IIR); group Ⅲ ischemic preconditioning (group Ipr); group IV ischemic postconditioning (group Ipo); group V Ipr+ Ipo. The rats were anesthetized with intraperitonel 20% urethane 5 ml/kg. Superior mesenteric artery (SMA) was occluded for 60 min followed by 60 min reperfusion. In group S, SMA was isolated but not occluded. In group Ipr, SMA was occluded for 10 min followed by 10 min reperfusion, and the rest procedures were performed using the method described in group IIR. In group Ipo, 60 min ischemia was followed by three 30 s episodes of ischemia at 30 s intervals for reperfusion. In group Ipr+ Ipo, Ipr was performed followed by Ipo and the procedures were performed using the methods described in group Ipr and Ipo. The animals were killed at 60 min of reperfusion. The intestinal tissues were immediately removed for determination of MDA content, SOD and MPO activities and the degree of damage to intestinal mucous membrane was scored according to Chiu score. Arterial blood samples were taken for determination of plasma concentrations of TNF-α and 1L-6. Results Compared with group S, Chiu score, MDA content, MPO activity, and plasma concentrations of TNF-α and IL-6 were significantly increased, whereas SOD activity decreased in the other 4 groups ( P < 0.05). Chiu score, MDA content, MPO activity, and plasma concentrations of TNF-α and IL-6 were significantly decreased, whereas SOD activity increased in group Ipr, Ipo and Ipr + Ipo as compared with group IIR ( P < 0.05). Chiu score and MDA content were significantly lower, whereas SOD activity higher in group Ipr + Ipo than in group Ipr and Ipo ( P < 0.05). No significant differences were detected in the indices between group Ipr and group Ipo ( P > 0.05). Conclusion Ischemic preconditioning-postconditioning can attenuate the intestinal IR injury in rats, and the efficacy is better than that of either Ipr or Ipo alone.     

Isoflurane protects the isolated rat lungs against ischemia-reperfusion injury

Objective To study the effects of isoflurane on ischemia-reperfusion （IR）-induced injury in isolated rat lungs. Methods This study was perforrned on an isolated buffer-perfused rat lung model. There were four groups： CON group （n = 6）： perfusion for 60 min without ischemia; IR group （n = 6） ： after perfusion for 30 min, then interruption of perfusion and ventilation for 45 rain followed by reperfusion for 30 rain; ISO1 group （n = 6） ： 1.38% isoflurane was administered for 30 min before 45 min ischemia, then followed by 30 ,nin reperfusion; ISO2 group （n= 6）： 1.38% isoflurane was administered during the period of reperfusion. The Myeloperoxidase （MPO） activity of lung, neutrophils counts, tumor necrosis factor-α（TNF-α）, superoxide dismu ＇tase （SOD） activity, malondialdehyde （MDA） in perfusate, and the Wet-to-Dry lung weight ratios were measured. Results IR caused significant increases in the wet-to-dry lung weight ratios, the activity of lung MPO, the contents of MDA and TNF-α in perfusate, but decreasess in the ,SOD activity aod neutrophils counts. Administration of isoflurane （both ISO1 and ISO2 groups） significantly protected against IR-induced injury the via inhibiting increases of MPO activity and contents of MDA and TNF-a in perfusate. Isoflurane significantly increased the SOD activity and neutrophils counts in peffusate. No difference was found between ISO1 and ISO2 groups. Conclusion Our resuhs suggest that isoflurane protects the lungs against IR-induced injury in isolated mt lung model.