炎症性肠病危险因素的流行病学调查研究

目的通过病例调查，筛选IBD的危险因素。方法采用问卷方式，对72例确诊IBD患者及72例配对的健康个体调查，对结果进行COX回归分析，筛选出IBD的致病危险因素。结果COX回归分析提示紧张度、牛奶和油炸食品在IBD致病因素中具有统计学意义。结论紧张度、牛奶和油炸食品可能是IBD的致病危险因素。     

Can Swimming Microalgal Cells be Vehicles for ZnO Nanoparticle Transportation and Thus Lead to Zn Diffusion?

The concentration of eco-toxic zinc oxide nanoparticles (nZnO) in aquatic ecosystems is increasing, and an effective method for their removal is needed. We hypothesize that microalgal cells may act as nZnO vehicles—if the nZnO concentration does not affect their swimming ability—enabling Zn diffusion and sedimentation. We conducted experiments using flasks connected via a U-type vessel; the first flask contained nZnO suspensions and second flask contained artificial seawater, respectively. We added microalgae to the first flask and illuminated the second. The microalgae appeared to promote sedimentation. However, only a few microalgal cells passed via phototaxis into the second flask, so the detection of nZnO or Zn ions in the second flask was not possible. Therefore, to confirm whether the microalgae affect Zn transportation, a more accurate method to detect nZnO or Zn ions at very low concentrations is needed.

     

剖宫产的伦理审视

近些年来，我国的剖宫产率处在不断上升的趋势，其中社会因素导致的非必须剖宫产占很大比率。剖宫产是在一定的医学指征下不得不采用的一种创伤性手术，对母婴、社会都会造成不良影响。对剖宫产现象进行伦理审视，理清其中的道德关系，有助于医者和患者把握正确的道德原则，从而采取相应的对策，减少非必须剖宫产的发生。     

PROK1及其受体PROKR1在子宫内膜异位症中的表达和临床意义

目的：探讨前动力蛋白-1(prokineticin 1,PROK 1)及其受体(prokineticin-receptor 1,PROKR 1)在子宫内膜异 位症中的表达水平及意义。方法：采用定量PCR(quantitative PCR,qPCR)和蛋白质印迹法检测PROK 1和PROKR 1在18 例正常对照组和22例子宫内膜异位症患者在位内膜及异位内膜中的表达水平;将6例正常对照组子宫内膜间质细胞分 离、培养,给予雌二醇(estradiol,E2)及肿瘤坏死因子-α(tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α)干预后,采用qPCR检测PROK 1 mRNA的表达水平。结果：PROK 1 和PROKR 1 mRNA在子宫内膜异位症患者的异位内膜和在位内膜以及正常对照组 子宫内膜中均有表达,表达最高的为异位内膜组,表达最低的为正常内膜组(P<0.05);PROK 1 和PROKR 1 蛋白在子 宫内膜异位症患者的异位内膜和在位内膜以及正常对照组的子宫内膜中均有表达,在异位内膜中表达最高,在正常 内膜中表达最低(均P<0.05);在正常子宫内膜组及子宫内膜异位症组中PROK 1的蛋白表达水平均为分泌期高于增生期 (均P<0.05);E2对子宫内膜间质细胞PROK 1 mRNA的表达无明显影响,TNF-α能上调子宫内膜间质细胞PROK 1 mRNA 的表达。结论：PROK 1及其受体参与了子宫内膜异位症的发生并对其发展有促进作用,TNF-α可能上调PROK 1的表 达从而促进血管生成。     

手指外伤邻指皮瓣与腹部皮瓣修复效果比较

目的观察手指外伤邻指皮瓣与腹部皮瓣修复效果。方法手指外伤55例58指,根据软组织缺损情况,分别选择邻指皮瓣、腹部皮瓣修复术,术后比较两组皮瓣成活情况及皮瓣颜色、形状、局部浅感觉、两点位置觉。结果 55例皮瓣均成活,邻指皮瓣颜色、形状与周围皮肤相似,局部浅感觉、位置觉较好,但修复面积小;腹部皮瓣颜色深褐,形状臃肿,局部浅感觉、位置觉较差,但修复面积大。结论邻指皮瓣较腹部皮瓣修复手指软组织缺损效果更好。用其他部位皮瓣取代腹部皮瓣修复手指软组织大面积创伤值得探索。     

Epstein-Barr virus gene polymorphism in different parts of the same nasopharyngeal carcinoma patient

In most previous studies, comparisons of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) gene polymorphisms and genotypes were made between strains from tumors and normal throat washings (TWs) from different individuals. However, it remains controversial whether different EBV subtypes are present in different parts of the same NPC patient. In order to address this question, in this study, we compared the genotypes in sets of paired throat washings (TW) and paraffin-embedded tissues of 20 patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), and we found the same genotype in throat washings (TWs) and tumor cells from the same individual in most cases. The subtypes of EBER and EBNA1 genes were furthermore sequenced, and identical EBV strains were identified in tumor tissues and TWs. In conclusion, different sites of the same individual are infected by the same EBV strains, except for a few differences in occasional cases, suggesting that the EBV subtype detected in throat washings is a reasonable guide to the subtype present in the carcinoma tissue.     

Quantitative assessment of the influence of tumor necrosis factor alpha polymorphism with gastritis and gastric cancer risk

Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFA) is an important molecule in inflammatory, infectious, and tumoral processes. Inflammation is one of the early phases in the development of gastric cancer (GC). Therefore, several studies have examined the association of polymorphism in TNFA with gastritis and GC risk. A functional polymorphism, -308G>A (rs1800629), which is located in the promoter of TNFA gene, has been suggested to alter the production of TNF-α and influence cancer risk. To date, a number of studies have been carried out to investigate the relationship between the polymorphism and gastritis or GC susceptibility, but the results were conflicting. To investigate this inconsistency, we performed a meta-analysis of 36 studies for TNFA -308G>A polymorphism to evaluate the effect of TNFA on genetic susceptibility for gastritis and GC. An overall random-effects per-allele odds ratio of 1.16 (95 % confidence interval 1.04–1.29, P?=?0.008) was found for the polymorphism. Significant results were also observed using dominant or recessive genetic models. In the subgroup analyses by ethnicity, significant results were found in Caucasians, whereas no significant associations were found among East Asians and other ethnic populations. No associations between the polymorphism and gastritis were observed. In addition, our data indicate that TNFA is involved in GC susceptibility and confers its effect primarily in diffuse type of tumors. Besides, -308G>A polymorphism was found to be significantly associated with both cardiac and noncardiac tumors. This meta-analysis demonstrated that the TNFA -308G>A polymorphism is a risk factor for developing GC, but the associations vary in different ethnic populations.     

桌面虚拟现实技术在医学多媒体课件中的设计与应用

介绍了桌面虚拟现实技术在课件制作中的设计思路及实现方法。指出将虚拟现实技术与课件教学内容的知识点相整合,可强化课件的学习自主性和知识交互性,从而提高学习效率和教学质量。     

毛细管气相色谱法测定酒石酸托特罗定中有机溶剂的残留量

摘 要 目的： 建立毛细管气相色谱法测定酒石酸托特罗定中8种有机溶剂残留量的方法。 方法: 采用CP sil 5CB色谱柱（60.0 m×0.32 mm,5 μm）;进样口温度为200℃;FID检测器温度为250℃;载气流速为1.2 ml·min^-1;柱温120℃;顶空瓶平衡温度85℃,时间30 min,以二甲基甲酰胺 水（1∶4）混合溶液为溶解介质,测定酒石酸托特罗定中甲醇,乙醇,乙腈,丙酮,乙酸乙酯,三氯甲烷和四氢呋喃的残留量;采用HP 1色谱柱（30.0 m×0.53 mm,5 μm）,进样口温度为220℃;FID检测器温度为250℃;载气流速为3.0 ml·min^-1;柱温80℃;顶空瓶平衡温度85℃,时间30 min,以二甲亚砜 氢氧化钠溶液（17∶13）混合溶液为溶解介质,测定酒石酸托特罗定中吡啶的残留量。结果:在各色谱条件下,被测溶剂峰之间均分离良好,8种溶剂的标准曲线线性良好,相关系数均大于0.999;平均回收率为86.0%～100.2%,RSD为1.7%～3.5%(n=9);甲醇,乙醇,乙腈,丙酮,乙酸乙酯,三氯甲烷,四氢呋喃和吡啶的检测限分别为0.63,0.43,0.30,0.18,0.079,0.36,0.18,0.89 μg·ml^-1。结论: 该法适用于酒石酸托特罗定中这8种有机溶剂残留量的测定。     

Biomarkers of joint metabolism and bone mineral density are associated with early knee osteoarthritis in premenopausal females

Clinical Rheumatology - Biomarkers of bone and cartilage metabolism were proposed as early diagnosis indicators for knee osteoarthritis (OA), however, which were influenced by disease stage, age,...