亚甲基四氢叶酸还原酶基因多态性与糖尿病微血管病变关系的研究

目的探讨亚甲基四氢叶酸还原酶(MTHFR)基因多态性及血浆同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)水平与2型糖尿病肾病及视网膜病变的关系。方法选取417例2型糖尿病患者,按有无糖尿病肾病分为2组,糖尿病肾病组(DN组)90例,非糖尿病肾病组(NDN组)327例;再将这417例患者按有无视网膜病变分为2组,糖尿病视网膜病变组(DR组)176例,非糖尿病视网膜病变组(NDR组)241例。测定所有患者MTHFR基因型、血浆Hcy、糖化血红蛋白、叶酸、空腹血糖、三酰甘油、胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白、低密度脂蛋白等指标,分析其与DN和DR的关系。结果DN组和NDN组比较,DR组和NDR组比较,MTHFR基因CC型、CT型、TT型所占比例差异无统计学意义(P均0.05),C和T等位基因频率差异无统计学意义(P均0.05)。DN组血浆Hcy水平显著高于NDN组(P0.05),而DR组血浆Hcy水平与NDR组比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。DN组三酰甘油水平显著高于NDN组(P0.05)。Logistic回归分析结果显示,性别、病程、BMI、TC、LDL-C与DN的发生有关,病程、TG和Hcy与DR的发生有关。结论 2型糖尿病患者糖尿病微血管病变的发生与MTHFR第677位碱基C-T突变产生的基因多态性无明显相关性,血浆Hcy水平可能与2型糖尿病微血管病变的发生有关。     

唐山市2006—2009年不同人群HIV抗体检测结果分析

目的分析唐山市2006-2009年不同人群艾滋病病毒（HIV）抗体筛查检测数据,HIV感染的人群特征及不同人群的感染率。方法依据《全国艾滋病检测技术规范（2004年）版》规定的检测流程与方法,对不同人群进行HIV抗体初筛、复检及确证。结果 2006-2009年,唐山市45家艾滋病筛查实验室,共在献血员、孕产妇、公安司法机关被监管人员、男男同性恋、自愿咨询检测等人群中,筛查HIV抗体777 479人份,其中878人份样品初筛阳性,对261人份复检阳性样品进行了确认,160人份被确认HIV抗体阳性;对31人份确证为不确定的11例进行了随访,2例被确证阳性,9例被确证为阴性。4年不同人群HIV感染率分别为16.39/10万、15.33/10万、24.18/10万、23.09/10万,平均感染率为20.57/10万。结论在献血员、门诊及术前患者、公安司法机关被监管人员、男男同性恋人群、孕产妇、自愿咨询检测等人群中,进行HIV抗体筛查,仍是发现HIV感染的重要手段。对不确定型样品应按时随访检测。 【Abstract】 Objective To analyze the data of HIV antibody mass screening among different population groups in Tangshan in 2006-2009,characteristics of infected people and infection rates in them.Methods According to the procedures set by National Guideline for HIV/AIDS Detection,2004 version,samples were screened for HIV antibodies,retested and confirmed.Results In 2006-2009 45 laboratories in Tangshan performed HIV screening of 777 479 samples among blood donors,pregnant women,persons under custody,MSM and individuals seeking VCT.Of the tested samples 878 were screened as HIV positive and 261 were retested as HIV positive and 160 were confirmed as HIV positive.Eleven uncertain cases were followed up,of which 2 were confirmed as positive and 9-negative.The infection rates among different population groups in the 4 years were 16.39/100 000,15.33/100 000,24.18/100 000 and 23.09/100 000,respectively and the average infection rate was 20.57/100 000.Conclusion Routine HIV screening among blood donors,patients in health care settings,persons under custody by police and judicial organizations,MSM（men who have sex with men）,pregnant women and individuals seeking VCT represents an important approach to detect cases of HIV infection.And the uncertain cases should be followed-up regularly.