沙培林腔内注射对乳腺癌改良根治术后皮下积液的疗效

目的:观察沙培林腔内注射治疗乳腺癌改良根治术后皮下积液的疗效及安全性。方法:选择行乳腺癌改良根治术后发生皮下积液患者60例,随机分为观察组和对照组,每组30例。观察组行抽净积液后腔内注射沙培林混合液,3h后抽净药液,再用绷带加压包扎积液创面;对照组仅以50%葡萄糖腔内注射,其余步骤相同。观察两组皮下积液改善的效果以及发热和局部皮肤坏死等不良反应。结果:治疗前两组积液量差异无统计学意义(164.45±36.22ml vs 172.41±45.37ml,P0.05);第一次治疗后和第二次治疗后,观察组积液量均少于对照组(55.43±36.29ml vs 132.31±41.65ml,18.39±15.47ml vs 69.42±38.75ml;P0.05),积液完全消失时间(3.22±0.64天vs11.84±1.83天)明显短于对照组(P0.05)。两组发热率均为3.33%(1/30),差异无统计学意义(P0.05),均未发生皮肤坏死事件。结论:局部腔内注射沙培林可很快减少乳腺癌改良根治术后皮下积液,且使用方便、安全。     

直肠癌新辅助治疗后不同等待时间对术后病理和预后的影响

目的探讨中低位直肠癌术前新辅助治疗后不同等待时间对术后病理及预后的影响。 方法回顾性分析2013年1月~2018年12月期间于江苏省人民医院行新辅助放化疗的77例进展期中低位直肠癌患者临床资料,按照新辅助治疗后术前等待时间分为Ⅰ组43例（6~8周）和Ⅱ组34例（9~12周）,比较两组术后病理及预后情况。 结果两组患者新辅助前的一般资料如性別、年龄、cTNM分期及CEA水平等比较差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）。术后病理结果提示：Ⅱ组术后病理淋巴结阳性率显著低于Ⅰ组（20.6% vs. 46.5%,P=0.018）。Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组pCR率分别为18.6%和17.6%,二者差异无统计学意义（χ²=0.012,P=0.914）。Ⅰ组共有14例患者（32.6%,14/43）肿瘤消退明显,仅剩下少量镜下癌灶或无肿瘤残留,Ⅱ组共有13例患者（38.2%,13/34）肿瘤消退明显,两组比较差异无统计学意义（Z=-0.702,P=0.483）。两组术后并发症发生率及远期肿瘤复发及转移差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。 结论延长新辅助放化疗至手术的时间间隔至9~12周较6~8周能进一步降低淋巴结的阳性率,但对pCR率及肿瘤消退分级评分并无影响。对术后短期并发症发生情况以及长期复发及转移等情况也未产生较大影响。延期手术对患者来说利弊共存,因此应根据患者病情制定个体化治疗策略。     

Synthesis and Evaluation of Diindole-Based MRI Contrast Agent for In Vivo Visualization of Necrosis

Purpose

Noninvasive imaging of cell necrosis can provide an early evaluation of tumor response to treatments. Here, we aimed to design and synthesize a novel diindole-based magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agent (Gd-bis-DOTA-diindolylmethane, Gd-DIM) for assessment of tumor response to therapy at an early stage.

Procedures

The oil-water partition coefficient (Log P) and relaxivity of Gd-DIM were determined in vitro. Then, its necrosis avidity was examined in necrotic cells in vitro and in rat models with microwave ablation-induced muscle necrosis (MAMN) and ischemia reperfusion-induced liver necrosis (IRLN) by MRI. Visualization of tumor necrosis induced by combretastatin A-4 disodium phosphate (CA4P) was evaluated in rats bearing W256 orthotopic liver tumor by MRI. Finally, DNA binding assay was performed to explore the possible necrosis-avidity mechanism of Gd-DIM.

Results

The Log P value and T1 relaxivity of Gd-DIM is ??2.15?±?0.01 and 6.61 mM^?1 s^?1, respectively. Gd-DIM showed predominant necrosis avidity in vitro and in vivo. Clear visualization of the tumor necrosis induced by CA4P was achieved at 60 min after administration of Gd-DIM. DNA binding study indicated that the necrosis-avidity mechanism of Gd-DIM may be due to its binding to exposed DNA in necrotic cells.

Conclusion

Gd-DIM may serve as a promising necrosis-avid MRI contrast agent for early assessment of tumor response to therapy.

     

Evaluation of Radioiodinated 1,4-Naphthoquinones as Necrosis Avid Agents for Rapid Myocardium Necrosis Imaging

Purpose

Identifying necrotic myocardium in ischemic regions is of great importance for risk stratification and clinical decision-making. However, rapid noninvasive imaging of necrotic myocardium is still challenging. This study sought to evaluate the potential of 1,4-naphthoquinones to rapidly visualize necrotic myocardium and the possible mechanisms of necrosis avidity.

Procedures

Six 1,4-naphthoquinones were radiolabeled with iodine-131 and the necrosis avidity was estimated in mouse models with muscular necrosis by gamma counting and autoradiography. The necrotic myocardium imaging property and biodistribution of [¹³¹I]naphthazarin (6) were determined in rat models with re-perfused myocardial infarction. A possible mechanism of necrosis avidity was explored by in vitro DNA-binding and in vivo blocking experiments.

Results

The radiochemical purities of the six radiotracers were greater than 95 %. The uptakes in necrotic muscles of all six radiotracers were higher than those in viable muscles, and [¹³¹I]naphthazarin (6) showed the highest necrotic-to-viable ratio and necrosis-to-blood ratio at all tested time points. The necrotic myocardium could be clearly visualized by single-photon emission computed tomography/x-ray computed tomography (SPECT/CT) using [¹³¹I]naphthazarin (6) as early as 3 h post-injection. Post-mortem biodistribution showed the uptake of [¹³¹I]naphthazarin (6) in necrotic myocardium was 11.67-fold higher than that in viable myocardium. Absorption spectra and emission spectra suggested naphthazarin (6) could bind to DNA through intercalation. The uptake of [¹³¹I]naphthazarin (6) in necrotic muscle could be significantly blocked by excessive ethidium bromide (a typical DNA intercalator) and cold naphthazarin (6) with 63.49 and 71.96 % decline at 3 h post-injection in vivo, respectively.

Conclusions

1,4-Naphthoquinones retained necrosis avidity and [¹³¹I]naphthazarin (6) rapidly visualized necrotic myocardium. The necrosis avidity mechanism of [¹³¹I]naphthazarin (6) may be attributed to its binding with exposed DNA in necrotic tissues.

     

黄芪和香菇多糖对脑损伤后免疫功能的影响

目的：探讨黄芪和香菇多糖对脑损伤病人免疫功能的影响。方法：采用前瞻性临床对照研究，将颅脑外伤病人随机分为：治疗组２１例和对照组２６例，观察治疗前后的免疫功能变化。结果：治疗组外周血ＣＤ４、ＣＤ１６、ＣＤ５７、ＣＤ４／ＣＤ８、Ｃ３水平比对照组明显提高（Ｐ〈０．０５）。结论：黄芪和香菇多糖能促进颅脑外伤后细胞免疫功能的恢复，对增强机体抗感染能力，改善预后有一定临床意义。     

Effects of skeleton structure on necrosis targeting and clearance properties of radioiodinated dianthrones

Necrosis avid agents (NAAs) can be used for diagnose of necrosis-related diseases, evaluation of therapeutic responses and targeted therapeutics of tumor. In order to probe into the effects of molecular skeleton structure on necrosis targeting and clearance properties of radioiodinated dianthrones, four dianthrone compounds with the same substituents but different skeletal structures, namely Hypericin (Hyp), protohypericin (ProHyp), emodin dianthrone mesomer (ED-1) and emodin dianthrone raceme (ED-2) were synthesized and radioiodinated. Then radioiodinated dianthrones were evaluated in vitro for their necrosis avidity in A549 lung cancer cells untreated and treated with H₂O₂. Their biodistribution and pharmacokinetic properties were determined in rat models of induced necrosis. In vitro cell assay revealed that destruction of rigid skeleton structure dramatically reduced their necrosis targeting ability. Animal studies demonstrated that destruction of rigid skeleton structure dramatically reduced the necrotic tissue uptake and speed up the clearance from the most normal tissues for the studied compounds. Among these ¹³¹I-dianthrones, ¹³¹I-Hyp exhibited the highest uptake and persistent retention in necrotic tissues. Hepatic infarction could be clearly visualized by SPECT/CT using ¹³¹I-Hyp as an imaging probe. The results suggest that the skeleton structure of Hyp is the lead structure for further structure optimization of this class of NAAs.     

腕踝针联合三步推拿法对颈型颈椎病功能恢复及实验室指标的影响

目的 观察腕踝针联合三步推拿法对颈型颈椎病功能恢复及实验室指标的影响.方法 选取2020年8月至2021年3月中国福利会国际和平妇幼保健院针灸科收治的颈型颈椎病患者120例,分为对照组和观察组,每组60例.对照组采用"循经推穴、局部松解和理筋总收"的三步推拿法治疗,观察组采用腕踝针联合三步推拿法治疗.比较两组治疗前后患者颈痛量表(NPQ)、颈椎功能障碍指数(NDI)、疼痛视觉模拟(VAS)评分,全血黏度、血浆黏度、颈动脉收缩峰值血流速度(Vp)、平均血流速度(Vm).结果 两组患者治疗后NPQ、NDI、VAS评分均低于治疗前(P<0.01).观察组患者治疗后全血高切黏度、全血低切黏度、血浆黏度低于治疗前(P<0.01),对照组患者治疗后全血低切黏度低于治疗前(P<0.01).两组患者治疗后Vp和Vm高于治疗前(P<0.01).观察组治疗后Vm高于对照组,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),其余指标比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01).结论 腕踝针联合三步推拿法治疗颈型颈椎病能够明显改善疼痛,提高血流速度,降低血液黏稠度,改善颈部血液循环,进而改善颈椎功能,提高日常生活质量.     

Effect of Degree of Branching on Properties of Photosensitive Nanoparticles as Drug‐Delivery Carriers

Hyperbranched copolymers with different degrees of branching (DBs), poly(3,4‐dihydroxycinnamic acid)‐co‐poly(4‐hydroxycinnamic acid) (PCA), were prepared by polycondensation. Amphiphilic PCA–DTT copolymers were prepared by grafting dithiothreitiol (DTT) into PCA by the Michael addition. PCA–DTT nanoparticles were self‐assembled by additional water into a DMSO solution of PCA–DTT. The diameter and photoresponsivity of the PCA–DTT nanoparticles were influenced by the DB, and they increased with increasing the DB. Bovine serum albumin (BSA) as a model protein was successfully encapsulated into the PCA–DTT nanoparticles, and the release behavior of BSA was affected by the DB in PBS. These biodegradable and photoresponsive nanoparticles would be useful as functional carriers for drug delivery systems.     

Stathmin／Oncoprotein18（Op18）在人脑胶质瘤中的表达研究

目的探讨Stathmin／oneoprotein18（Op18）基因在人脑胶质瘤中的表达规律及意义。方法分别采用免疫组化法和Westernblot法检测10例正常脑组织和56例脑胶质瘤中Stathmin蛋白的表达。结果免疫组化法检测Stathmin蛋白在正常脑组织、低级别胶质瘤（Ⅰ～Ⅱ级）及高级别胶质瘤（Ⅲ～Ⅳ级）中阳性表达率分别为20％、65％、100％。正常脑组织分别与Ⅰ～Ⅱ级组、Ⅲ～Ⅳ级组比较，均有显著性差异（P〈0．05）；Ⅰ～Ⅱ级组与Ⅲ～Ⅳ级组比较，有显著性差异（P〈0．05）。Westernblot法检测显示，Stathmin蛋白在胶质瘤中的表达明显增高，正常脑组织分别与Ⅰ～Ⅱ级组、Ⅲ～Ⅳ级组比较，差异均有显著性（P〈0．01），Ⅰ～Ⅱ级组与Ⅲ～Ⅳ级组比较，差异有显著性（P〈0．01）。结论Stathmin在脑胶质瘤中过表达，Stathmin可能为脑胶质瘤的生物治疗提供一个新靶点。     

Development of Duramycin-Based Molecular Probes for Cell Death Imaging

Molecular Imaging and Biology - Cell death is involved in numerous pathological conditions such as cardiovascular disorders, ischemic stroke and organ transplant rejection, and plays a critical...