大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞同种异体移植治疗糖尿病的初步研究

目的观察植入糖尿病大鼠体内的骨髓间充质干细胞（MSCs）能否分化为可分泌胰岛素的细胞或者促进胰岛β细胞增殖。方法采用贴壁法分离培养来自同种异体大鼠的MSCs,移植前用5-溴-2-脱氧尿嘧啶核苷（BrdU）标记。将60只雄性SD大鼠随机分为正常对照组（NC组）;糖尿病大鼠对照组（DM组）;经左心腔注射移植MSCs糖尿病大鼠组（MSCs组）;经左心腔注射移植MSCs并行环孢霉素A灌胃的糖尿病大鼠组（MSCs＋CsA组）。分别于造模前、成摸时和移植细胞后7、14、28天时检测OGTT和体重;每周固定时间测一次随机血糖;处死大鼠前从心脏取血测胰岛素;移植细胞后7、14和28天时,取各组大鼠胰腺组织行增殖细胞核抗原和Brdu免疫组化。结果移植MSCs后7天和14天都可在MSCs组和MSCs＋CsA组大鼠胰腺的血管内及其周围、胰腺外分泌组织和／或胰岛内发现Brdu阳性细胞。移植MSCs后14天MSCs＋CsA组OGTT的2h血糖值较DM组有下降趋势（P=0．069）;三组糖尿病大鼠间胰岛素水平和体重无明显差异;移植MSCs未使MSCs和MSCs＋CsA组胰岛中增殖细胞明显增多。结论通过左心室注入的大鼠MSCs可以迁移到损伤的胰腺组织中,植入的MSCs使糖尿病大鼠的血糖下降不显著,不能证明能分化为可分泌胰岛素的细胞,也未促进胰岛细胞增殖;在胰岛损伤高峰期移植细胞,很难达到治疗的目的。     

一个中国人Liddle综合征家系的SCNN1G基因新突变及其临床特征

目的 分析2个Liddle综合征家系上皮细胞钠通道编码基因SCNN1B及SCNN1G的基因突变.方法 收集2个临床诊断为Liddle综合征的家系,抽取先证者及其家系成员外周血基因组DNA,PCR扩增上皮细胞钠通道β亚单位编码基因SCNN1B和γ亚单位编码基因SCNN1G第13外显子,产物直接DNA测序进行基因突变检测.结果 例1 SCNN1B基因第13外显子的扩增片段经双向测序显示第564密码子存在CGA-TGA(R-X)杂合无义突变,其家系成员均未发现这一基因突变;例2 SCNN1G基因第567密码子存在CAG-TAG(Q-X)杂合无义突变,2个家系成员携带此突变基因,这一突变位点尚未在国内外报道过,50名无关正常人中未发现此突变基因.结论 对临床诊断的Liddle综合征患者及其亲属,进行基因突变检测有助于确定诊断及早期筛查出家系中的其他患者.编码人类肾小管上皮细胞钠通道γ亚单位基因SCNN1G第13外显子第567密码子CAG-TAG(Q-X)杂合无义突变可能会导致Liddle综合征.     

Liddle's syndrome caused by a novel mutation of the γ-subunit of epithelial sodium channel gene SCNN1G in Chinese

Objective To screen the mutation of the β and γ subunits of epithelial sodium channel gene SCNN1 in two families with Liddle's syndrome. Methods Two patients clinically diagnosed as Liddle's syndrome and their family members were enrolled. Peripheral blood samples were collected and total genomic DNA was prepared. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to amplify the exon 13 of the SCNN1B and SCNN1G gene. PCR products were purified and subjected to direct DNA sequencing. Results A heterozygous nonsense mutation at codon 564 of the SCNN1B gene from CGA(Arg) to stop codon(TGA)was detector in the proband of family 1. More importantly, a novel heterozygous nonsense mutation of CAG (Gln) to stop codon TAG at codon 567 of the SCNN1G gene was detected in the proband and another two members of family 2. Conclusion Screening for specific mutations of the SCNN1 gene in relatives of patients with Liddle's syndrome can be used to identify the previously unrecognized cases within the family.A new nonsense mutation(Q567X) of the SCNN1G gene is likely the cause of Liddle's syndrome in family 2.     

Liddle's syndrome caused by a novel mutation of the γ-subunit of epithelial sodium channel gene SCNN1G in Chinese

Objective To screen the mutation of the β and γ subunits of epithelial sodium channel gene SCNN1 in two families with Liddle's syndrome. Methods Two patients clinically diagnosed as Liddle's syndrome and their family members were enrolled. Peripheral blood samples were collected and total genomic DNA was prepared. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to amplify the exon 13 of the SCNN1B and SCNN1G gene. PCR products were purified and subjected to direct DNA sequencing. Results A heterozygous nonsense mutation at codon 564 of the SCNN1B gene from CGA(Arg) to stop codon(TGA)was detector in the proband of family 1. More importantly, a novel heterozygous nonsense mutation of CAG (Gln) to stop codon TAG at codon 567 of the SCNN1G gene was detected in the proband and another two members of family 2. Conclusion Screening for specific mutations of the SCNN1 gene in relatives of patients with Liddle's syndrome can be used to identify the previously unrecognized cases within the family.A new nonsense mutation(Q567X) of the SCNN1G gene is likely the cause of Liddle's syndrome in family 2.     

灯盏细辛治疗糖尿病肾病的系统评价

目的系统评价灯盏细辛治疗糖尿病肾病（DN）的疗效及安全性。方法计算机检索Cochrane图书馆临床对照试验库、MEDLINE、EMbase、中同期刊全文数据库（CNKI）,中国生物医学文献数据库和中文科技期刊全文数据库,手工检索《中华内分泌代谢杂志》等14种相关中文期刊、相关会议记录及所获文献的参考文献。收集灯盏细辛治疗糖尿病肾病的随机或半随机对照试验。由两名研究者独立选择试验、提取资料,并按照Cochrane系统评价的方法评价纳入研究的质量和提取有效数据,而后应用RevMan5．0．18软件进行Meta分析。结果共纳入32个RCT和1个半随机试验,共计2322例DN患者。大部分试验方法质量学较低且样本含量小。“漏斗图”呈不对称分布,提示可能存在发表偏倚及试验方法质量低下,发表偏倚提示阴性结果的试验可能未发表。Meta-析结果显示：①灯盏细辛可减少糖尿病肾病的24小时尿白蛋白排泄率、24小时尿总蛋白、降低血清肌酐、血浆胆固醇、甘油三酯、血浆粘度及纤维蛋白原。②灯盏细辛在降低DN患者24小时尿白蛋白排泄率和血清肌酐方面与ACEI类药物的疗效相似,但窖低24小时尿蛋白总量效果不如ACEI。③灯盏细辛在减少DN患者24小时尿蛋白和血浆纤维蛋白原方面,疗效优于丹参。④灯盏细辛与凯时（前列腺素E1）相比,降低24小时尿白蛋白排泄率不如凯时。治疗期间尚未发现严重的不良反应。结论灯盏细辛可能是一种相对安全和有效治疗糖尿病肾病的药物。由于纳入试验方法质量低下和可能存在发表偏倚,使本系统评价的证据强度不足,有待进一步进行大样本、高质量的多中心随机双盲对照试验来证实。