FEASIBILITY OF CONDUCTING CARDIOVASCULAR OUTCOME RESEARCH IN AUSTRALIAN GENERAL PRACTICE: RESULTS FROM THE ANBP2 PILOT STUDY

1. The present study aimed to determine the feasibility of conducting a 5 year cardiovascular outcome trial of the treatment of 6000 elderly hypertensive patients in Australian general practices. 2. General practitioners (GPs) were invited to participate by mail and personal follow-up. Patient records were reviewed to identify subjects for a blood pressure (BP) screening programme. Blood pressure was measured on three occasions and eligible subjects were included if the average BP was 160 mmHg systolic or 90 mmHg diastolic if systolic BP was 140 mmHg. 3. Seven hundred and forty-one GPs were approached and 89 were enrolled in the study (12% of mail invites and 75% of those receiving a personal contact). In 16 practices where screening was completed, 82 000 records were reviewed to identify 4% patients eligible for screening. Twenty-two per cent of eligible subjects attended screening. Of 1938 subjects screened, 180 (9%) had BP 5=160/90 mmHg. Forty-seven percent of subjects (n = 916) were receiving antihypertensive therapy and 184 (20%) were withdrawn from therapy. One hundred and sixteen (63%) of these subjects had BP return to study entry levels within 6 weeks. Fifty-seven newly diagnosed and 81 previously treated subjects were randomized (7% of the screened population). 4. Based on the high participation rate of GPs, the response rate of patients to attend a BP screening programme and the 7% randomization to screening ratio for entry into the study, the ANBP2 pilot study has demonstrated that it is feasible to recruit subjects from Australian general practices to a cardiovascular outcome trial.     

肌病肾病代谢综合征治疗进展

肌病肾病代谢综合征是急性动脉阻塞致骨骼肌溶解的严重并发症。积极治疗原发病，及早补液扩容、碱化尿液、早期血液净化治疗是降低截肢率、病死率的关键。本文就肌病肾病代谢综合征治疗进展作一综述。     

单独肝尾状叶血管瘤切除术

肝尾状叶由于解剖位置特殊,位置深,难以显露,手术难度大,是肝脏外科领域手术操作的难点与研究热点.随着肝血流控制技术的发展、肝实质离断技术的提高,肝尾状叶肿瘤切除率明显提高[1].2006年4月至2008年10月,我科完成单独肝尾状叶血管瘤切除术9例,现将手术技巧与疗效报道如下.     

卡介苗作为抗肿瘤重组蛋白疫苗佐剂的研究

目的：探讨卡介苗（BCG）能否增强抗肿瘤疫苗HSP-MUC1的特异性抑瘤作用，从而将BCG开发为肿瘤疫苗的新型佐剂。方法：动物水平上，BCG和HSP-MUC1共免疫小鼠，观察BCG能否增强HSP-MUC1所激发的特异性抑瘤作用。细胞水平上对BCG发挥佐剂作用的机制进行探讨，将BCG和HSP-MUC1共刺激树突状细胞（DC），观察BCG能否协同HSP-MUC1刺激DC表面的CD86分子表达的上调；并对DC培养上清中IL-6、TNF-α的水平进行测定。结果：BCG＋HSP-MUC1组小鼠的肿瘤重量显著地低于HSP-MUC1组（P〈0.05）。细胞学试验显示，BCG能够显著增强HSP-MUC1对DC的激活作用，使DC表面的CD86分子显著上调。BCG＋HSP-MUC1组的DC培养上清中细胞因子IL-6、TNF-α的水平显著地高于HSP-MUC1组（P〈0.05）。结论：BCG能够显著地增强HSP-MUC1的抗肿瘤活性，具有肿瘤疫苗佐剂的良好功效。     

Single-step nested polymerase chain reaction for detection of different genotypes of hepatitis C virus

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) exhibits considerable sequence variability and circulates in the blood at extremely low levels. Current methods for detecting HCV RNA are based mostly on nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR), in which part of the first amplification product is reamplified in the second tube by an internal primer pair. A novel nested PCR method was developed in which the two successive amplification processes are carried out in the same tube with a single step of physical manipulation. Careful selection of highly conserved sequences of the 5′ noncoding region as primers enabled successful detection of all three major genotypes circulating in France, including the one with variation in this region. Retaining high sensitivity of the conventional nested PCR, the novel method reduced greatly the risk of carry-over contaminations. It was also cost- and time-saving. The one-step nested PCR method is especially suitable for routine diagnosis of HCV infection in clinical laboratories. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

Vascular networks of the nucleus lentiformis

Summary The nucleus lentiformis vascular networks were studied in 30 brains by injecting the vascular system with gelatinous Indian ink. The nucleus lentiformis is divided into a medial part, the globus pallidus, and a lateral part, the putamen. These two parts differ completely from one another in their embryology, structure and functions. For these reasons, each part presents a specific vascular network. The putaminal network is dense and shows many similarities with the cerebral cortex vascular network; the pallidal one is simpler and less dense. These two vascular networks are located close to each other without overlapping. Their specificity may be in relation with the histological structure, with the morphogenetic evolution or with the functional activity of both nuclei to which they provide the vascularization.

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Les réseaux vascularies du noyau lenticulaire

Résumé L'étude des réseaux vasculaires du noyau lenticulaire (NL) est réalisée sur 30 cerveaux dont le système vasculaire a été injecté à l'encre de Chine gélosée. Le NL est constitué par deux parties, le putamen (néostriatum) et le globus pallidus (paléo-striatum), totalement différentes sur les plans morphologique, embryologique et fonctionnel. Chacune de ces parties possède un réseau vasculaire spécifique et caractéristique. Les deux réseaux se côtoient sans se chevaucher. Le réseau vasculaire putaminal est dense et présente de nombreuses similitudes avec le réseau vasculaire du cortex cérébral. Le réseau vasculaire pallidal se caractérise par sa simplicité et sa moindre densité. Leur spécificité peut être en rapport avec la structure histologique, l'évolution morphogénétique et avec l'activité fonctionnelle des noyaux dont ils assurent l'irrigation.

     

L1 knockout mice show dilated ventricles, vermis hypoplasia and impaired exploration patterns

L1 is a neural cell adhesion molecule mainly involved in axon guidance and neuronal migration during brain development. Mutations in the human L1 gene give rise to a complex clinical picture, with mental retardation, neurologic abnormalities and a variable degree of hydrocephalus. Recently, a transgenic mouse model with a targeted null mutation in the L1 gene was generated. These knockout (KO) mice show hypoplasia of the corticospinal tract. Here we have performed further studies of these KO mice including magnetic resonance imaging of the brain, neuropathological analysis and behavioral testing. The ventricular system was shown to be abnormal with dilatation of the lateral ventricles and the 4th ventricle, and an altered shape of the Sylvius aqueduct. Additionally, the cerebellar vermis of the KO mice is hypoplastic. Their exploratory behavior is characterized by stereotype peripheral circling reminiscent of that of rodents with induced cerebellar lesions.      

咪唑斯汀治疗慢性荨麻疹临床疗效评价及对血清IL-4水平的影响

目的：评价咪唑斯汀治疗慢性荨麻疹的疗效，探讨IL-4在慢性荨麻疹发病中的作用。方法：对32例慢性荨麻疹患用咪唑斯汀治疗，评价疗效，记录不良反应。同时用ELISA法检测慢性荨麻疹患治疗前后及正常人血清IL-4的水平。结果：治疗1、2wk后总有效率分别为62．5％、84．4％(P＜0．01)，不良反应3例。治疗前血清IL-4水平较正常人明显升高(P＜0．01)；治疗后IL-4水平下降(P＜0．01)，与正常人比较差异不甚明显(P＞0．05)。结论：咪唑斯汀是一种有效、安全的治疗慢性荨麻疹的药物，能降低慢性荨麻疹患血清IL-4的水平。     

白血病抑制因子受体中gp130细胞内区诱导白血病细胞Meg-01内c-myc的表达

观察人白血病细胞系Ｍｅｇ－０１白血病抑制因子（ＬＩＦ）受体α亚基（ｇｐ１９０）和另一亚基ｇｐ１３０细胞内区与ｃ－ｍｙｃ的关系,以探明白血病细胞过度增殖和晚期分化异常的机制。方法：用基因重组技术将两基因细胞内区互换以构成两嵌合体受体（１９０／１３０,１３０１９０）,并分别在Ｍｅｇ－０１表达,其与     

剖宫产仰卧位低血压综合征的防治

目的:探讨垫高产妇右髋对硬膜外麻醉剖宫产仰卧位低血压综合征的预防作用。方法:将144例ASAⅠ-Ⅱ级、无严重胎儿宫内窘迫、行硬膜外麻醉剖宫产术的产妇随机分为两组,A组垫高产妇右髋75例;B组床左侧倾斜30°69例。用监护仪连续监测并记录。收缩压较基础值下降30%或低于90 mmHg时,静脉注射麻黄素10~15 mg,比较两组麻黄素的使用率。结果:A组有7例使用麻黄素,占9.3%;B组有17例使用麻黄素,占24.6%,差异有显著性(P<0.05)。结论:硬膜外麻醉剖宫产垫高产妇右髋比床左侧倾斜30°防治仰卧位低血压综合征更有效。