高效液相色谱法测定人血浆中阿莫西林浓度及药代动力学

高效液相色谱法测定人血浆中阿莫西林浓度及药代动力学谭力周继红罗楠袁倚盛（南京军区南京总医院中心仪器分析科，南京２１０００１）阿莫西林（ａｍｏｘｉｃｉｌｉｎ）为β内酰胺类抗生素，其抗菌谱广，口服受食物影响小，对大多数病人耐受性良好，因而在临床上得以广泛...     

Parent training to increase compliance in a young multihandicapped child

A training program was implemented to modify a mother's behavior management skills to improve compliance in her 4-year-old child who suffered from severe developmental and physical disabilities. A multiple baseline analysis indicated that behavioral intervention was effective in training the mother to make definitive commands, provide appropriate positive attention, and persist with commands during social interactions with her child. In addition, substantial improvement in the child's compliance with mother's commands followed introduction of parent training. Further, positive collateral effects included the child's increased time on-task and decreased oppositional behavior. All gains were maintained at a 6-month follow-up probe.     

Clonidine-induced suppression of plasma catecholamines in states of adrenal medulla hyperfunction

To assess adrenal medulla activity in states of hyperfunction, a single 0.3 mg oral dose of clonidine hydrochloride (Catapres) was given to twelve patients with varying evidence of familial adrenal medullary hyperplasia and pheochromocytomas from kindreds with Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia type 2 syndrome (MEN-2), seven patients with sporadic pheochromocytomas and six normal subjects. Mean arterial blood pressure and plasma norepinephrine (NE) levels were lower than baseline values 2 h after clonidine in the normal subjects. Plasma epinephrine (E) rose in one normal but fell in the remainder after clonidine administration. In sporadic pheochromocytoma patients, E fell slightly in 4 and NE fell in 3 while mean arterial blood pressure was not significantly lower than baseline values in 7 patients 2 h after clonidine. In MEN-2, mean arterial blood pressure fell and there was a variable response of plasma E and NE to clonidine, which appears to be related to the presence of detectable anatomic (CT scan) and functional (131I-mlBG scintigraphy) abnormalities of the adrenal medulla. These findings are thus compatible with the spectrum of adrenal medulla dysfunction and the presumed development of pheochromocytoma in this syndrome.     

抗胆碱药3-(2-苯基-2-环戊基-2-羟基-乙氧基)奎宁环烷的立体化学和构效关系

研究了强效抗胆碱药dl-3-(2-苯基-2-环戊基-2-羟基-乙氧基)-奎宁环烷的四个光学异构体的两种不对称合成方法,用HPLC检测了异构体含量,讨论了构效关系。     

苯丙胺诱发小鼠激怒反应及其机制

苯丙胺15mg/kg ip能诱发小鼠激怒反应,使小鼠出现攻击和殴斗行为。强安定药、弱安定药和利血平有明显拮抗效果。镇静剂如巴比妥类、抗胆碱药及抗肾上腺素药均无拮抗作用。金刚胺、左旋多巴和阿扑吗啡均能增强苯丙胺的激怒效应。因苯丙胺激怒小鼠的方法简便易行,可作为筛选抗精神病药的动物模型。苯丙胺产生激怒作用的机制与增强多巴胺能神经的功能有关,推测可能是促进边缘系统多巴胺释放的结果。