腓动脉皮支逆行岛状皮瓣的解剖与应用改进

目的探讨腓动脉皮支逆行岛状皮瓣的解剖学基础及临床应用效果。方法采用新鲜及防腐尸体下肢共25肢,对腓动脉皮支进行解剖学观测。于2003年9月~2005年6月收治足跖趾关节处软组织缺损患者10例,男8例,女2例。年龄21~55岁。其中背侧6例,跖侧4例,缺损范围10cm×6cm~15cm×10cm。应用带有外踝上11.0±1.7cm腓动脉固定皮支的腓动脉皮支逆行岛状皮瓣修复,皮瓣范围11.0cm×6.5cm~16.0cm×11.0cm。供区6例直接减张缝合,4例行自体游离皮片覆盖。结果解剖学观测外踝上11.0±1.7cm自腓动脉发出一固定皮支,起始点直径1.45±0.12mm,入深筋膜点距腓肠神经营养血管皮瓣轴线15.70±1.20mm。10例患者术后皮瓣均成活,血运良好,无静脉回流障碍;供区愈合良好。术后获随访6~12个月,皮瓣外形良好,质地、色泽与周边相似,足功能恢复良好,两点辨别觉11~18mm。结论腓动脉皮支逆行岛状皮瓣经改进后血运好,逆转距离长,修复范围大,操作简便,为临床修复足中远端软组织缺损提供了一种新方法。     

壳聚糖—明胶混合膜的制备及其生物降解性研究

将壳聚糖与明胶按一定比例混合制膜，通过体外降解及动物体内实验研究了其降解性和生物相容性，结果表明壳聚糖－明胶混合膜在小鼠体现人降解速度较快，并具有较好的生物相容性，溶菌酶对混合膜的生物降解有促进作用。     

生物降解性防术后粘连膜的实验研究

本文首次采用新型医用天然高分子材料壳聚糖作膜材料，制备了可降解吸收防术后粘连膜，并通过动物实验研究其生物降解性和生物相容性．初步研究结果表明，壳聚糖具有很好的成膜性。壳聚糖膜在小鼠体内可以缓慢降解，并具有较好的生物相容性，是一种很有发展前景的天然防术后粘连膜材料。     

THE VALUE OF 99mTc-MIBI MYOCARDIAL PERFUSION SPECT IMAGING IN DETECTING CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE IN PATIENTS WITH VALVULAR DISEASE BEFORE OPERATION

Objective. The aim of this study was to detect coronary artery disease using ^99mTc-MIBI myocardial perfusion imaging in patients with valvular disease. Methods. Thirty patients with valvular disease confirmed by echocardiography underwent ^99mTc-MIBI myocardial perfusion imaging using multiSPECT lh after stress test (exercise, dipyridamole or dobutamine test) and were performed coronary angiography within 1 month before valvular operation. Results. For 29 out of the 30 patients, the results of ^99mTc-MIBI myocardial perfusion imaging were similar with those of coronary angiography, the concordance rate was 96.7 % and the negative predictabili-ty was 100%. Conclusion. ^99mTc-MIBI myocardial perfusion imaging is a reliable non-invasive method for detecting coronary artery disease in patients with valvular disease and so as to draw up suitable operation programs for them.     

内蒙古自治区糖尿病患病率调查

目的：调查内蒙古地区２０～７４岁人群糖尿病（ｄｉａｂｅｔｅｓｍｅｌｉｔｕｓ,ＤＭ）及糖耐量减低（Ｉｍｐａｉｒｅｄｇｌｕｃｏｓｅｔｏｌｅｒａｎｃｅ,ＩＧＴ）的患病率。方法：根据ＷＨＯ１９８５年标准,采用自然人群,分层整群抽样方法对本地区２０～７４岁的４８５８人群于１９９６－１０～１９９７－０２进行了调查。结果：目前内蒙古地区ＤＭ及ＩＧＴ患病率分别为１７９％和３５６％,首府城市最高,中小城市次之,贫困农区最低。ＤＭ及ＩＧＴ患病率随年龄、体重指数及腰／臀比的增加而增高。结论：内蒙古地区调查结果与国内外调查结果一致,说明在人民生活水平发生深刻变化的年代,糖尿病正以惊人的速度增长。防治糖尿病是十分迫切的工作。     

Sixteen Chinese pediatric brucellosis patients onset of fever in non-epidemic areas and 8 developed with osteoarticular involvement

The purpose of this study is to summarize the manifestations, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, and treatment of childhood brucellosis in non-epidemic areas of China. A retrospective review of 16 admitted children patients with brucella’s disease who were diagnosed of brucellosis during the period from 2011 to 2016 was performed. Diagnostic criteria, clinical presentations, and outcomes were recorded. The most common symptom was fever. Osteoarticular involvement was found in 50% of the patients. They were infected by contacting with infected animals or consuming of unpasteurized milk or meat of sheep or goats, also. Standard agglutination test was positive in all patients and blood culture in 10 (62.5%) patients as well as medulloculture in 3 (18.8%) patients were positive. A combination of antibiotic treatment with rifampin plus cotrimoxazole showed good response and all clinical manifestations improved. Brucellosis is misdiagnosed frequently and should be considered in the differential diagnosis when patients do not respond to standard treatment. Blood culture, together with brucella serology test, is important and helpful in the diagnosis. MRI is a good method in differentiating those with symptoms of arthritis.     

关于骨质疏松超声诊断仪器亟待厘清的若干基本概念

继双能X线吸收仪之后,定量超声测骨仪器逐渐从群体筛查发展为筛查兼诊断手段,从补充、辅助工具进化成为潜在的主力。然而,在骨质疏松和骨折问题的本质,超声测骨仪器的产品名称、检测参数、派生参数、声学特性参数与骨矿密度相关性、产品性能表征与检验等方面,国内外均存在严重误读。本文就所涉及的一系列基本概念作了系统厘清,以期推动该类产品的科学、健康发展。     

破骨细胞与骨质疏松症的关系研究进展

破骨细胞是一种巨大的多核细胞,它的形成和活性异常可导致骨质疏松、类风湿关节炎、关节置换后假体无菌性松动等许多疾病;骨质疏松症是一种多因素导致的全身代谢性骨骼疾病,其治疗靶点主要集中在抑制破骨细胞的活性及促进成骨细 胞的形成方面,随着破骨细胞对骨作用的信号通路等骨生物学研究的深人,一些新的治疗靶点被陆续发现;目前,0PG/, RANKL /RANK信号通路、肿瘤坏死因子信号通路、一氧化氮和雌激素、过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ、小眼畸形相关转录因子等信号通路认为与破骨细胞关系密切,本文就破骨细胞与骨质疏松症关系作一综述,为骨质疏松症的防治提供相关依据。     

不同途径胆汁再利用对恶性梗阻性黄疸患者营养状况的影响

目的探讨两种胆汁再利用方法的临床应用价值,并观察有无不良反应。方法选取恶性梗阻性黄疸行经皮肝穿刺胆道引流术(PTCD)患者,随机分为胆汁回输联合肠内营养(EN)组(A组39例)、胆汁口服联合EN组(B组36例)与对照组(C组38例),通过各项指标比较各组患者胃肠功能及营养状况。结果 A、B组患者营养状况明显高于C组,差异有统计学意义,P0.05;A、B两组患者各项指标差异无统计学意义,P0.05;三组患者胃肠功能差异均无统计学意义,P0.05。结论两种胆汁再利用联合EN均可改善患者营养状况,且作用相似。住院患者可以首选胆汁回输联合EN,而不能进行胆汁回输的患者,可以选择口服胆汁联合EN。