大步迈向新百年

过去的一年非凡、辉煌,我们隆重地庆祝伟大的、光荣的、正确的中国共产党百年华诞,我们也纪念敬爱的林巧稚大夫诞辰120周年。新的百年开始了!紧跟祖国快速发展的步伐,作为妇产科医生,我们一定要做出更多的、更出色的工作,实现“健康中国2030”的宏伟目标。从脱贫、致富、图强,国民的健康日趋重要。     

消化性溃疡合并出血80例患者的观察与护理体会

目的：探讨消化性溃疡合并出血患者的护理措施。方法选取河南省平顶山市平煤神马医疗集团总医院2014年7月～2015年6月80例消化性溃疡合并出血患者，把80例患者随机分成观察组和对照组各40例，对照组给予常规护理，观察组在对照组的基础之上给予针对性的护理措施，观察两组患者的临床症状的改善情况。结果观察组的临床治疗有效率高于对照组，且观察组的护理满意度高，住院时间短，与对照组比较，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论消化性溃疡合并消化道出血的内科治疗给予针对性的护理后，可以提高疗效，降低患者的焦虑及抑郁情绪，提高患者对疾病知识的掌握程度及对护理工作的满意度。     

焦虑抑郁情绪对冠心病患者血管内皮细胞功能的影响

目的探究焦虑抑郁情绪对冠心病患者血管内皮功能的影响。方法根据冠心病患者是否合并焦虑抑郁情绪分为冠心病组(n=50)、冠心病合并焦虑抑郁组(n=57)和健康人群为对照组(n=48)。采用血管内皮功能监测仪Endo PAT2000(以色列,Itamar.公司)测定血管内皮功能指数(RHI)评估血管内皮功能,比较三组之间RHI差别并分析相互关系。结果冠心病组患者的RHI(1.41±0.36)、冠心病合并焦虑抑郁组患者的RHI(1.21±0.35)与对照组(2.55±0.18)相比明显减低(P0.05),冠心病合并焦虑抑郁组患者的RHI与非焦虑抑郁组相比更低,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论冠心病患者存在血管内皮功能受损,而且合并焦虑抑郁对血管内皮损伤更重,焦虑抑郁情绪是血管内皮功能损伤的重要危险因素之一。     

卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿粘连程度及相关因素分析

Objective To investigate the relationship between degree of endometrioma adhesions and clinical feature, surgical treatment and postoperative recurrence. Methods From Jan 2003 to Mar 2008, 662 patients with endometrioma undergoing laparoscopic ovarian endometrioma excision in Peking Union Medical College Hospital were studied retrospectively. All patients were classified into four groups according to the extent of adhesions: 31 cases in none adhesions group, 123 cases in mild adhesions group (filmy thickness, avascular, easily separated adhesions), 310 cases in moderate adhesions group (less than a half of ovary was adjacent to dense thickness adhesions which was difficult to separate, or above a half of ovary were adjacent to filmy thickness adhesions) and 198 cases in severe adhesions group (above a half of ovary was adjacent to dense thickness, well vascularized adhesions which was difficult to separate, and always involved the other pelvic organs, observed angiogenesis). The comparison of degree, characteristics, period of pain, lab test, surgical management and postoperative recurrence was performed among those above groups. In the mean time, risk factors and multinomial logistic regression were analyzed. Results (1)Clinical characteristics: The incidence of patients with dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, straining feeling in anus, chronic pelvic pain and the level of CA125 (>35 kU/L) was remarkably higher in moderate-to-severe adhesion groups than in none-to-mild adhesions groups (P=0.000, 0.000, 0.001, 0.006 and 0.000, respectively). Infertility rate were significantly higher in severe adhesions group(15.7%,31/198) than none adhesions group(3.2%,1/31), mild adhesions group(11.4%,14/123) and moderate adhesions group(9.7%,30/310, OR=1.728, P<0.05).(2)Operating time and blood loss: Operating time of each groups was as followed: (37±15) min in none adhesions group, (42±19) min in mild adhesions group, (50±20) min in moderate adhesions group and (63±22) min in severe adhesion group. Blood loss was (23±12) ml in none adhesion group, (31±27) ml in mild adhesion group, (40±32) ml in moderate adhesion group and (70±67) ml in severe adhesions group. Thicker adhesions result in longer operation time and more blood loss. (3)Combined with other disease: The ratio of patients who combined with adenomyosis or deeply infiltrating endometriosis in moderate-to-severer adhesion groups was higher than patients in none-to-mild adhesions groups (OR=3.466, P=0.000). (4) Postoperative recurrence: It was categorized into recurrence of pain and cyst. Moderate-to-severe adhesions was related to higher recurrence rate of pain (OR=1.685,P=0.046), but was irrelevant to recurrence of cyst. Conclusion The more extent of endometrioma adhesions was related to severer pelvic pain symptoms, longer operating time and more blood loss. Postoperative pain recurrence rate was observed in moderate-to-severe adhesion group. Extent of adhesions was irrelevant to cyst recurrence.     

全喉切除术后综合语言康复重建效果

全喉切除是治疗中晚期喉癌的重要手术,但术后丧失发音功能,许多学者对全喉切除术后语言康复及发音重建进行研究。随访1987/1997行气管食管瘘发音重建术的患者169例,术后分别进行同等程度的发音训练,局部针灸及按摩,分别观察术后3周及术后5年的发音效果,结果发现直接法具有见效果快,易掌握的特点,但需要不断更换发音钮。瓣膜法具有发音效果稳定的优点,但术式较复杂,精确度高,术后感染可影响发音效果,相比之下瓣膜法更适合。     

严重烧伤病人应激性溃疡的发生机理及药物治疗

本文对严重烧伤病人应激性溃疡的发生机理及药物治疗进行探讨，并总结出对严重烧伤病人应激性溃疡的预防应从早期开始，良好的液体复苏，H2受体阻断剂的应用，控制感染，积极的营养支持等综合措施，是预防和治疗应激性溃疡的关键。     

舶来的"四泉利润"

“做个加盟店很不划算，交加盟费、风险金，还要给特许商管理费……”，许多意向加盟商都有这种说法。有些特许商也常说：“开上几十家店，加盟费都赚不过来，自已还可以直营，还有管理费、促销费、培训费……”这正应了“羊毛出在羊身上”这句古话。     

餐桌旁的领袖们

第六章毛泽东“站”在水中“谈判”：赫鲁晓夫在大跃进的高潮中来到北京。是被毛泽东发脾气“召”来的。苏联驻华大使尤金是位气色很好的哲学家，求见毛泽东，表达了苏联领导的一个意思：希望同中国搞个联合舰队。毛泽东明白中国的海军只能做沿海防御，没任何实力参加联合舰队。怀疑苏联这么搞，是想借联合之名，行控制之实。     

餐桌旁的领袖们

薄一波的“山药蛋话” 都说苏联人海量，敢拿大茶缸子喝白酒。可是这些苏联人又常被中国人拼得云山雾罩钻桌子，名堂何在？     

胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白、内毒素与肝纤维化

目前胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白（insulin—like growth—factor—binding protein，IGFBPs）及其超家族功能的研究是国际上的热点。有研究表明IGFBPs与肝纤维化的发生有关，而临床检测和动物实验表明肠源性内毒素血症与肝纤维化的发生发展有着密切关系，同时有研究显示内毒素可诱导循环中某些IGFBPs和其肝脏基因的表达发生变化。