大鼠肾上腺细胞经胶原凝胶三维培养后进行同种移植的实验研究

Objective To investigate a novel method of adrenocotical cells transplantation. Methods Adrenal glands of neonate rats were dissociated into adrenal cortical cells. Cells were cultured in self-made collagen type Ⅰ gel for one week, and then transplanted under the renal capsule of bilateral adrenalectomy mate rats. Blood samples were collected per week after surgery. Animals were sacrificed at the 8th week, and histological characteristics of the allografts, proliferation of transplanted cells, CYP11B1 and CYP11B2 expression as well as plasma aldosterone and corticosterone were observed. Results There were totally 15 rats receiving collagen gel transplantation, and 12 survived 8 weeks post-operation. The plasma cortocosterone level in collagen gel transplantation group was significantly higher than in adrenocortical cell transplantation group, and reached the normal level from 6th to 8th week, but the change in plasma aldosterone level in collagen gel transplantation group was similar to that of adrenocortical cell transplantation group. The adrenocortical cells cultured in gel grew well, and had a high proliferation rate. 95% of them were fasciculata cells which expressed CYP11B1, and the rest were glomerulosa cells which expressed CYP11B2. No inflammatory cell infiltration was observed. Conclusion The proliferation and function of adrenocortical cells could be promoted when they were cultured in collagen gel.     

大鼠完全性单侧输尿管梗阻可复模型的建立

目的 建立1种可复的完全性单侧输尿管梗阻大鼠模型(UUO).方法 取成年雄性大鼠42只,随机平均分为实验和对照两组,分别采用V管卡压法输尿管结扎术(实验组)和单纯丝线结扎术(对照组).3周后解除梗阻,分别在梗阻术前、术后1、2、3周和解除梗阻后1、3、6周,采用彩色多普勒超声(DCFI)分别测定积水肾肾盂前后径(APD)、最大肾皮质厚度(RCT)及肾盂容积(V),并进行大体和病理学观察.结果 两组动物在梗阻术后,随时间延长,V、APD逐渐增大,RCT逐渐减小,不同时期之间差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).解除梗阻后,实验组V、APD渐趋减小,RCT趋向增大.对照组V、APD继续增大,RCT继续减小.结论 以V管卡压法建立的大鼠UUO模型,不仅符合急性完全梗阻性肾积水的要求,而且具有良好的可复性.该术式简单、易行,实验费用低廉.     

胸部外伤致食管破裂的X线诊断2例报告

胸部外伤性食管破裂少见,易误诊。现将我院经X线诊断证实2例报告如下。 例1.患者男,20岁。5天前酒后骑摩托车与汽车相撞,当即昏迷,送当地医院诊治。当日患者饮水后即呕吐,为胃内容物。次日出现胸闷,呼吸困难,烦躁不安。胸透见两侧胸膜腔大量液气胸,钡餐检查见食管破裂。遂予以胸腔闭式引流转入我院。外科情况:胸廓饱满,双肺叩实,呼吸音减低,经两侧胸膜腔引流出大量带恶臭味脓液。X线检查:鉴于患者一般情况较差,予以半卧位透视,见两侧液气胸,右肺组织被压缩约10％。左侧液气胸伴多发性包裹性液气胸,肺组织压缩约40％。随即仰卧位服70％泛影葡胺100ml,见造影剂迅速经食管下段破裂处进入双侧胸膜腔,确诊为食管下段破裂,虽经积极抗感染、深静脉高营养,输血、空肠造瘘及各种支持疗法等,但因患者不配合治疗,多次趁人不备,自拔引流管及多次饮水,终因中毒性休克、呼吸循环衰竭死亡。     

寰枢椎间侧方穿刺定位和定深的观测

目的为寰枢椎间侧方穿刺提供解剖学依据及穿刺点和穿刺深度的确定方法。方法观测40例头部正中矢状切标本的寰枢椎间孔逆向穿刺点、舌骨平面的横径半宽及穿刺深度、寰枢椎间孔的上下径和前后径、穿刺点距下颌角点和乳突尖的距离。结果穿刺点在以O点为圆心,半径为0.5cm范围内的占87.5%,在范围以外的占12.5%;穿刺深度为(5.17±0.83)cm。结论以O点为穿刺点,穿刺针尖指向椎管后1/3,穿刺方向垂直于矢状面,穿刺深度为4.40～6.30(5.17±0.47)cm较为安全。     

果胶降脂胶囊治疗高脂血症的临床疗效观察

本文研究了37例原发性高脂血症病人在正常膳食条件下,每日口服12粒果胶降脂胶囊,治疗3周后血脂变化情况.结果表明:对血清甘油三酯和血清胆固醇有显著降低作用(P<0.05).在实验剂量条件下,未见果胶对胃肠功能有任何不良影响.本研究为临床开展高脂血症的防治提供了新的途径.     

圆形分布法在传染病流行病学调查中的应用

在传染病的发生过程中,某些疾病存在着明显的季节性,如呼吸道传染病、消化道传染病等,这些呈季节性变动的资料可通过三角函数变换,使原始数据成为线性资料.本文以长春市1990、1991、1992年细菌性痢疾(以下简菌痢)各月发病为例用圆形分布法进行统计分析,以了解细菌性痢疾发病高峰的集中时间和流行期,从而为传染病监测和防治工作提供科学依据.     

胎儿宫内取血在产前诊断领域的应用

胎儿宫内取血在产前诊断领域的应用北京协和医院妇产科（１００７３０）向阳，孙念怙编者按取胎儿脐血进行产前诊断，这是促进出生健康儿的非常重要的和新的技术，北京协和医院妇产科写的这篇综述，可做为尚未开展此技术的单位参考，希望有更多的有条件的单位，学习开展，...     

脂质体转染AFP基因构建树突状细胞肝癌瘤苗及体外活性检测

目的：探讨以ＡＦＰ为靶点，构建ＡＦＰ－ＤＣ肝癌瘤苗及其抗肝癌免疫治疗的可能性。方法：应用脂质体将ＡＦＰ基因转染体外培养的未成熟 ＢＭＤＣ，构建 ＡＦＰ－ＤＣ肝癌瘤苗，以流式细胞术、Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎ ｂｌｏｔ、３Ｈ－ＴｄＲ法和 ＭＴＴ法等检测其免疫活性。结果：ＡＦＰ－ＤＣ瘤苗不仅能产生和分泌ＡＦＰ，而且能上调自身的Ｂ７分子和ＭＨＣ分子，明显刺激Ｔ细胞增殖及提高ＣＴＬ的杀伤作用。结论：提示肝癌相关基因ＡＦＰ可作为抗肝癌基因治疗的切入点。