海藻糖在生育力保存中的应用

肿瘤诊疗技术的进步显著提高了患者的生存率,但放化疗可能造成人类生育力的下降乃至丧失。如何有效保存生育力已成为近年来研究的热点。海藻糖属于非渗透性冷冻保护剂,是一种具有特殊生物学性能的双糖,能够在干燥、脱水、冷冻等恶劣条件下有效保护蛋白质等大分子不变性失活。随着研究的逐步深入,海藻糖已被广泛应用于生育力保存等医学领域中,有学者将其用于保存精子、精原干细胞、卵母细胞、胚胎、卵巢组织和睾丸组织并取得了显著成果。综述海藻糖的生物学性质、作用机制假说以及在生育力保存中的应用研究现状和最新进展。     

达芬奇机器人手术配合流程再造及效果评价

目的 优化达芬奇机器人手术配合流程,提高工作效率.方法 收集2013年1月至2013年9月,在我院实施的达芬奇机器人手术236例.对手术配合流程进行再造,对流程再造前后手术医师、手术室护士的满意度,开台时间采用1检验和x2检验统计分析.结果 流程再造后,开台时间与流程再造前比较,存在统计学差异（P＜0.05）.手术医师、手术室护士的满意度较再造前提高（P＜0.05）.结论 达芬奇机器人手术配合流程再造有利于提高手术室的工作效率.     

慢性乙型肝炎合并脂肪肝人群疾病预后的流行病学研究

目的：探讨慢性乙型病毒性肝炎（chronic hepatitis B,CHB）合并脂肪肝患者的疾病预后情况,为CHB合并脂肪肝的防治策略提供临床依据。方法：回顾性分析2016—2017年915例慢性乙型肝炎患者,收集相关临床信息,采用肝脏瞬时弹性成像技术测脂肪肝严重程度,比较有无合并脂肪肝的CHB患者间的乙肝病毒载量（hepatitis B virus DNA,HBV DNA）水平、肝纤维化程度等疾病进展。结果：915例CHB患者中,合并脂肪肝者447例（占总数的48.8%）。控制衰减参数（controlled attenuation parameter,CAP）值与HBV DNA水平呈负相关,脂肪肝越严重,病毒载量越低。与CHB患者相比,合并脂肪肝的CHB患者的肝纤维化程度较低（OR=0.79,95%CI：0.67~0.92,P=0.003）。CAP值与丙氨酸氨基转移酶呈现U型关联。结论：本研究发现提示合并重度脂肪肝后,CHB患者肝脏炎症严重程度加重。     

血管生成相关长链非编码RNA在冠状动脉慢性完全闭塞病变中的治疗作用

长链非编码 RNA 参与生物的生理过程和疾病的病理过程,是重要的生物标志物或公认的治疗 的疾病靶点。长链非编码RNA通过调控两种效应细胞(血管内皮细胞和平滑肌细胞)动脉生成和血管新生 过程参 与冠状动脉侧支循环的形成,从而影响冠状动脉慢性完全闭塞病变(chronic total occlusion,CTO)的预后。“治疗性血管生成”作为促进冠脉侧支循环的一种替代疗法,已被证明能显着改善 CTO 患者的预后 和生活质 量。因此,通过调节血管生成过程,长链非编码RNA有望成为CTO治疗的新靶点。本文综述了血 管生成相关 长链非编码RNA的分类和功能,以及它们调节血管生成在冠脉侧支循环的作用。     

光学相干断层扫描比较不稳定性和稳定性心绞痛患者粥样硬化斑块特征

Objective To compare the characterization of coronary atherosclerotic plaques in patients with unstable angina pectoris (UAP) and stable angina pectoris (SAP) by optical coherence tomography (OCT). Methods OCT was performed in 47 patients (23 UAP and 24 SAP) undergoing coronary angiography. Lipid-rich plaque (defined by ≥ 2 quandrants of the cross-section area), thin cap fibroatheroma (TCFA), thickness of fibrous cap, plaque rupture, calcification and thrombus visualized by OCT were compared between UAP and SAP patients. Results OCT imaging was successfully in 44 out of 47 patients (22 UAP, 22 SAP). Proportion of lipid-rich plaques was similar between UAP and SAP groups [91% (20/22) vs, 73% (16/22),P =0. 741]. The minimum thickness of fibrous cap in the UAP group was significantly thinner than that in SAP group [(69.5±34.7) μm vs. (141.1±68.5) μm, P = 0.000] and the rate of fibrous cap erosion in the UAP group was significantly higher than that in the SAP group [59% (13/22) vs. 9% (2/22), P=0.000]. Percents of TCFA [73% (16/22) vs. 14% (3/22) ,P = 0.000] and plaque rupture [50% (11/22) vs.9% (2/22) , P = 0.003] were significantly higher in UAP group compared those in SAP group. Incidence of thrombus and calcification were similar between two groups. Conclusions OCT imaging can clearly define plaque characterization of coronary atherosclerosis. UAP patients have thinner fibrous cap, higher incidences of fibrous cap erosion, plaque rupture and TCFA compared patients with SAP.     

光学相干断层扫描比较不稳定性和稳定性心绞痛患者粥样硬化斑块特征

Objective To compare the characterization of coronary atherosclerotic plaques in patients with unstable angina pectoris (UAP) and stable angina pectoris (SAP) by optical coherence tomography (OCT). Methods OCT was performed in 47 patients (23 UAP and 24 SAP) undergoing coronary angiography. Lipid-rich plaque (defined by ≥ 2 quandrants of the cross-section area), thin cap fibroatheroma (TCFA), thickness of fibrous cap, plaque rupture, calcification and thrombus visualized by OCT were compared between UAP and SAP patients. Results OCT imaging was successfully in 44 out of 47 patients (22 UAP, 22 SAP). Proportion of lipid-rich plaques was similar between UAP and SAP groups [91% (20/22) vs, 73% (16/22),P =0. 741]. The minimum thickness of fibrous cap in the UAP group was significantly thinner than that in SAP group [(69.5±34.7) μm vs. (141.1±68.5) μm, P = 0.000] and the rate of fibrous cap erosion in the UAP group was significantly higher than that in the SAP group [59% (13/22) vs. 9% (2/22), P=0.000]. Percents of TCFA [73% (16/22) vs. 14% (3/22) ,P = 0.000] and plaque rupture [50% (11/22) vs.9% (2/22) , P = 0.003] were significantly higher in UAP group compared those in SAP group. Incidence of thrombus and calcification were similar between two groups. Conclusions OCT imaging can clearly define plaque characterization of coronary atherosclerosis. UAP patients have thinner fibrous cap, higher incidences of fibrous cap erosion, plaque rupture and TCFA compared patients with SAP.     

镉致HEK293细胞凋亡中氧化应激作用

目的探讨镉在诱导人胚胎肾细胞（HEK293）凋亡中氧化应激的作用。方法采用流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡率;采用流式细胞仪和激光共聚焦检测胞浆内的活性氧（ROS）水平,采用分光光度法检测细胞内丙二醛（MDA）、还原型谷胱甘肽（GSH）含量,蛋白印迹法检测Bcl-2蛋白、Caspase-3酶原表达量的变化。结果在一定浓度范围内随着镉浓度的升高,凋亡率升高。在60μmol/L氯化镉诱导细胞6h,凋亡率达到最高;细胞内ROS生成显著增多;MND含量明显增多（P〈0.01）,GSH含量大幅下降（P〈0.01）;Bcl-2表达量较镉处理3h时表达量有所下降;Cas-pase-3酶原蛋白表达下降。结论镉诱导HEK293细胞凋亡的机制与ROS上升及其导致的氧化损伤、Bcl-2蛋白表达下调和Caspase-3的激活有关。     

乳腺脂肪坏死的影像学诊断

乳腺脂肪坏死为一种少见的临床疾病,发病者绝大多数为中老年女性。其影像学诊断较易与多种乳腺疾病混淆,现分析15例经病理证实的乳腺脂肪坏死患者的资料,报告如下。1资料与方法1.1资料:收集10年来我院乳腺摄片患者的病例资料