三日龄大鼠缺氧缺血性脑损伤对大脑MRI影像和学习记忆能力的远期影响

Objective To investigate the activation of apoptotic genes of the brain with hypoxia- ischemia (HI) in newborn SD rats, and MRI changes and memory and learning ability in adulthood. Methods HI was induced by right carotid artery ligation followed by 2.5 h of hypoxia (6% O2) on 3-day-old SD rats (n=36). Control pups were sham-operated (n = 27). Right brain hemisphere was collected at 12 h and 7 d after HI and subjected to an apoptosis Oligo GEArrayR. MRI and Morris water maze test were performed on both groups at 42 and 44 days old, respectively. Results Comparing to 12 h after HI, up-regulated apoptotic genes included TNF, Caspase and pro-apoptotit genes of Bcl2 families, whereas the anti-apoptotic genes of Bcl2 family were down-regulated at 7 d after HI. The MRI assessment of the rats in HI group demonstrated that the area of the right cerebra l cortex was significantly smaller than the left side and control [periventricular layer: (23.5±3.6) mm2 vs (33.0±4.3) mm2, (34.5±3.9) mm2; hippocampus layer: (18.9±4.4) mm2 vs (29.1±5.0) mm2,(30.8±4.5) mm2, both P<0.01]. During the navigation trial, the HI rats demonstrated longer escape latency (4th day: (52.7±35.9) vs (17.8±8. 9) s, P<0.01). HI rats passed the platform less times than the control ones (T= 292.5, P<0.05) in space probe trial. Conclusions The activation of apoptotic genes induced by HI brain injury remains until 7 days later, involving intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic pathway. The apoptosis of neural cells may lead to poor development of the cortex and impair the memory and learning ability in the adult rats after neonatal hypoxia- ischemia injury.     

三日龄大鼠缺氧缺血性脑损伤对大脑MRI影像和学习记忆能力的远期影响

Objective To investigate the activation of apoptotic genes of the brain with hypoxia- ischemia (HI) in newborn SD rats, and MRI changes and memory and learning ability in adulthood. Methods HI was induced by right carotid artery ligation followed by 2.5 h of hypoxia (6% O2) on 3-day-old SD rats (n=36). Control pups were sham-operated (n = 27). Right brain hemisphere was collected at 12 h and 7 d after HI and subjected to an apoptosis Oligo GEArrayR. MRI and Morris water maze test were performed on both groups at 42 and 44 days old, respectively. Results Comparing to 12 h after HI, up-regulated apoptotic genes included TNF, Caspase and pro-apoptotit genes of Bcl2 families, whereas the anti-apoptotic genes of Bcl2 family were down-regulated at 7 d after HI. The MRI assessment of the rats in HI group demonstrated that the area of the right cerebra l cortex was significantly smaller than the left side and control [periventricular layer: (23.5±3.6) mm2 vs (33.0±4.3) mm2, (34.5±3.9) mm2; hippocampus layer: (18.9±4.4) mm2 vs (29.1±5.0) mm2,(30.8±4.5) mm2, both P<0.01]. During the navigation trial, the HI rats demonstrated longer escape latency (4th day: (52.7±35.9) vs (17.8±8. 9) s, P<0.01). HI rats passed the platform less times than the control ones (T= 292.5, P<0.05) in space probe trial. Conclusions The activation of apoptotic genes induced by HI brain injury remains until 7 days later, involving intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic pathway. The apoptosis of neural cells may lead to poor development of the cortex and impair the memory and learning ability in the adult rats after neonatal hypoxia- ischemia injury.     

芡实石油醚部位对脑缺血再灌注模型大鼠SOD、CAT和GSH的影响

目的研究芡实石油醚部位对脑缺血再灌注损伤大鼠的保护作用。方法 35只健康SD大鼠随机分为空白组,模型组,芡实石油醚部位低、中、高剂量组(200、300、400 mg·kg~(-1)),每组7只。除空白组外,采用线栓法建立大鼠脑缺血再灌注模型。观察芡实石油醚部位对脑缺血再灌注损伤大鼠神经功能评分的影响,检测血清和脑组织中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)和微量还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)的含量。结果芡实石油醚部位各剂量组神经评分数值明显小于模型组(P0.01或P0.001),空白组神经评分均为0分,表明无神经损伤;芡实石油醚部位各剂量组脑梗死体积明显小于模型组,(P0.001),空白组无梗死;与模型组相比,芡实石油醚部位各剂量组均能显著提高血清中SOD、CAT和GSH活力(P0.001),并以高剂量组(SOD中高)效果最佳;高剂量组能显著提高脑组织中SOD、CAT和GSH活力(P0.01或P0.001);中剂量组能显著提高脑组织中SOD和GSH活力(P0.05或P0.001),但对提高脑组织中CAT活力没有显著性差异;低剂量组对提高脑组织中SOD、CAT和GSH活力没有显著性差异。结论芡实石油醚部位对大鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤具有明显的保护作用,其机制可能与提高脑组织抗氧化能力有关。     

抑郁症气虚证候模型小鼠的药物反证与分子信号研究

〖H对Balb/c小鼠在单独抑郁症疾病造模条件下的气虚证候表现进行方药反证,并探究病证相关的分子生物学基础。方法 对Balb/c雌性小鼠进行慢性不可预知轻度应激（CUMS）造模,通过旷场、糖偏好、新奇环境摄食等评判其抑郁样疾病表现,通过负重游泳、掌纹血色度、抓力、皮毛评分等评判气虚样表现,给予补气经典方四君子汤进行方药反证并观测病证疗效,用Western blot法检测各组海马与肌肉组织中PKA、pCREB的表达变化。结果 四君子汤改善模型小鼠抓力下降、负重游泳时间减少、皮毛评分增加的气虚样证候,也逆转了糖偏好下降等抑郁样表现,而且逆转模型动物海马和肌肉PKA、pCREB表达的下调。结论 在CUMS下Balb/c小鼠产生抑郁症样行为及气虚样证候,均被补气方药四君子汤的疗效所反证,这可能是通过改善外周和脑PKACREB信号通路发挥作用。结果支持Balb/c小鼠的气虚证候易感的特性和辨证论治治疗疾病的有效性。     

布渣叶总黄酮离子液体协同超声辅助提取工艺考察及其调血脂活性研究

目的 探讨布渣叶总黄酮（total flavones from Microcos paniculata,MPTF）的高效绿色环保提取方法,并考察其调血脂活性。方法 采用离子液体协同超声辅助提取MPTF,对提取工艺进行单因素实验及正交试验考察;采用高脂饲料造模,将Wistar大鼠随机分为正常对照组、阳性对照组（瑞舒伐他丁钙片5.2 mg/kg）、高脂模型组和MPTF低、中、高剂量组（ig给药MPTF 300、600、900 mg/kg）,每组各10只,测定总胆固醇（TC）、三酰甘油（TG）、高密度脂蛋白（HDL-C）、低密度脂蛋白（LDL-C）水平。结果 离子液体超声辅助提取MPTF的最佳工艺条件：离子液体为[BMIM]Cl,浓度为0.30 mol/L,料液比为1：40,提取溶剂为60%乙醇水溶液,提取时间为30 min,提取温度为50℃;验证实验结果表明,该提取工艺所得总黄酮提取率高,工艺稳定。调血脂实验结果表明,MPTF各剂量组均能够降低TC、TG、LDL-C水平,升高HDL-C水平（P<0.05）,且随着MPTF剂量增加各指标变化趋势明显,具有一定的剂量依赖性。结论 离子液体协同超声辅助提取MPTF工艺稳定可行,为离子液体协同超声辅助提取中药中难溶性有效成分提供参考;MPTF提取物具有较好的调血脂作用。     

彩色多普勒血流显像及能量图对移植肾急性排斥反应的诊断价值

目的探讨彩色多普勒显像及多普勒能量图对于检测移植肾急性排斥反应的诊断价值。方法对32例肾移植受者术后进行彩色多普勒血流显像及多普勒能量图检查。根据检测结果将32例患者分为两组,移植肾正常组（26例）、急性排斥组（6例）,并与超声引导下肾组织穿刺病理活检进行对比。结果6例急性排斥反应患者的移植肾动脉搏动指数及阻力指数均高于移植肾正常组;急性排斥组肾脏的长径及肾皮质厚度明显大于移植肾正常组。结论彩色多普勒血流显像及能量图对移植肾急性排斥反应的诊断具有独特的优势。     

中国河南汉族人HFE C282Y基因突变频率调查

目的调查中国河南汉族人遗传性血色素沉着症HFE C282Y基因突变情况。方法利用聚合酶链反应和限制性片段长度多态性分析方法,检测518例健康献血的河南汉族人血液标本。结果C282Y突变未见。结论中国河南汉族人HFE C282Y等位基因突变频率与美国密歇根州高加索人差异具有统计学意义。     

感染/炎症与早产儿脑白质损伤

感染/炎症是引起早产儿脑白质损伤的重要原因.其机制涉及炎症因子诱发的一系列级联反应,包括自由基损伤、兴奋性氨基酸释放、钙稳态失衡、细胞凋亡等.该文就它们在早产儿脑白质损伤中的机制及其治疗进展加以综述.     

肝移植急性排斥反应的诊断和治疗体会(附3例改良背驼式肝移植报告)

目的探讨肝移植术后急性排斥反应的诊断和治疗。方法2001年9月至2003年6月成功进行了3例同种异体原位肝移植术。术前诊断：1．乙肝后肝硬化．2．肝移植术后感染丙型肝炎导致移植肝无功能，3．硬化性胆管炎、肝功能衰竭。术后均采用环孢素A和甲基泼尼松龙两联免疫抑制疗法。结果3例肝移植术后共出现3次急性排斥反应。排斥反应时血清谷丙转氨酶及胆红素急剧升高。肝穿刺活检明确诊断。经过冲击治疗后．3次急性排斥反应均被控制。结论合理应用免疫抑制剂是控制急性排斥反应的关键．应用环孢素A可适当延长术后早期静脉应用时间。     

大肠癌患者门静脉血CK20mRNA检测的临床意义

目的：检测大肠癌患者门静脉血CK20mRNA的表达情况，探讨其临床意义。方法：用实时定量荧光逆转录聚合酶链（FQ-PCR）方法，检测72例大肠癌患者门静脉及周围静脉血CK20mRNA的表达情况。结果：大肠癌患者门静脉血CK20mRNA表达的阳性率（72％）高于周围静脉血（43％）（P〈0．01），大肠癌Dukes C，D期门静脉血CK20mRNA高于A，B期（P〈0．01）。结论：门静脉血CK20mRNA表达的检测比周围静脉血检测更准确、敏感，是判断体内隐性播散的可靠方法。