带血管的骨膜瓣和比目鱼肌瓣联合移植治疗骨折并骨外露软组织缺损

目的 探讨应用带血管的骨膜瓣和比目鱼肌瓣联合移植，覆盖骨折并骨外露软组织缺损的临床疗效。方法 用带血管的腓骨膜瓣包绕骨折端，骨膜瓣的外周再用比目鱼肌内侧半肌瓣覆盖，修复软组织缺损。临床应用19例。结果 术后2个月有明显的骨痂生长，骨折线模糊，4～6个月骨折线消失，骨折愈合，肌瓣全部成活，仅有其中4例远端边缘小部分坏死，经换药处理，创面愈合。结论 应用带血管的骨膜瓣和比目鱼肌瓣联合移植治疗难治性骨折并骨外露软组织缺损，是一种较为有效的手术方法。     

应用透视图像导航下微创人工股骨头置换术的初步经验

目的探讨应用透视图像导航下微创手术进行人工股骨头置换治疗老年股骨颈骨折的临床疗效。方法应用透视图像导航下微创小切口（5—6cm）实施人工股骨头置换手术30例。骨折类型：按Garden分类，其中Ⅱ型3例，Ⅲ型10例，Ⅳ型17例；结果术后随访6—12个月。术后伤口疼痛较轻，髋部无明显肿胀。伤口一期愈合，无切口感染。无关节脱位。术后下床时间7—14d，平均10d。术后住院时间14—20d。按Harris髋关节置换评分标准及术后X线评定，结果属优18例，良10例，中2例。优良率96％。未并发坐骨神经损伤和血管损伤；无出现下肢深静脉栓塞。结论透视图像导航下微创小切口人工股骨头置换治疗老年股骨颈骨折，创伤小，术中及术后出血量少，疼痛轻，关节功能恢复好，疗效满意，可以达到缩短住院时间，康复更快的目的。     

导航下与传统方法应用动力髋螺钉治疗老年股骨转子间骨折的疗效比较

Objective To compare the navigational and traditional dynamic hip screw (DHS) fix-ations in the treatment of intertrochanteric fractures in elderly patients. Methods A retrospective study was conducted to analyze the elderly patients with intertrochanterie fracture who had been treated in our de-partment from April 2005 to April 2007 and whose clinical data were complete. Enrolled in the present study were 25 cases that had received navigational DHS fixation and 31 cases who had received traditional DHS fixation. In navigational group, there were 10 males and 15 females, with an average age of 82. 1 years. They were 14 eases of Evans type Ⅰ and 11 Evans type Ⅱ. In traditional group, there were 12 males and 19 fe-males, with an average age of 82. 8 years. They were 16 cases of Evans type Ⅰ and 15 Evans type Ⅱ. The 2 groups were compared in incision length, operation time, bleeding volume, X-ray exposure time, bed-ridden time, medical and implant complications, and one-year functional recovery. Results In navigational group, 23 patients were followed for 11 to 20 (average, 14) months and 2 were lost. In traditional group, 30 patients were followed up for 14 to 23 (average, 18) months and 1 died from cardiovascular disease within 1 year. Compared with traditional group, navigational group had a smaller incision, less blood loss, shorter bed-ridden time and less X-ray exposure time, a higher rate of fracture healing at 3 months, with statistically significant differences (P <0.05). The Harris hip function scores at postoperative 1 year were of no significant difference between the 2 groups (P > 0.05) . In navigational group there were 3 medical and 1 implant complications. In traditional group there were 9 medical and 5 implant complications. There was no significant difference between the 2 groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion In the treatment of intertrochanteric fractures for the elderly patients, the navigational DHS fixation is superior to traditional DHS fixation due to its ad-vantages of smaller incision, less blood loss, shorter bed-ridden time, faster fracture healing and betterfunctional recovery.     

复杂踝关节骨折的手术内固定及康复治疗

目的 :探讨复杂踝关节骨折的手术内固定及康复治疗。方法 :分析我科从 1995年以来 5 6例踝关节复杂骨折病人的手术治疗情况 ,按Danis Weter分类 ,B型 42例 ,C型 14例。采用AO技术 ,克氏针张力带钢丝固定 ,1/ 3环形钢板固定或螺丝钉固定 ,术后常规弹力绷带固定及患肢主动功能锻炼。结果 :5 6例中 5 1例得到随诊 5～ 2 4个月 ,平均 13个月 ,按Teeny和Wiss提出的评分标准 ,临床疗效优良者 48例 ( 94% )。结论 :应用AO技术 ,采取有效、坚强的内固定和早期积极功能锻炼是治疗复杂踝关节骨折的较好方法。     

胸腰椎压缩骨折经伤椎或跨椎椎弓根钉内固定疗效观察

目的 探讨胸腰椎压缩骨折经伤椎或者跨椎椎弓根钉内的固定效果.方法 对本院收治的25例胸腰椎压缩骨折患者,利用椎管的环形减压以及短节段的椎弓根螺钉系统实行固定,采取在经伤椎单侧或者双侧椎弓根固定方法.结果 随机访问术后1～4年25例患者状况,术后均未出现伤口感染或神经损伤等问题.距患者术后7d的X线检查显示,脊柱Cobb's已经从损伤后的24°恢复到术后7d的2.8°.经CT显示,患者伤椎周边的骨皮质较为完整,且椎管内的骨块恢复较好,解除椎管狭窄问题.术后VAS评分由8分到2分(P＜0.05).结论 通过实行胸膜椎压缩骨折经伤椎或跨椎椎弓根钉内固定方法,对于骨折复位治疗效果良好,可重新恢复椎体高度,提高脊柱抗压性与稳定性,减少一系列并发症的产生,减轻患者痛苦,具有临床应用价值.     

BMP-2对人退变椎间盘髓核细胞影响的实验研究

[目的]探讨BMP -2对人退变髓核细胞合成细胞外基质的影响.[方法]分离、培养人退变椎间盘髓核细胞,取第2代髓核细胞,随机将退变推间盘髓核细胞分为2组.A组:加入100 ng/ml BMP -2,B组:加入200 ng/mlBMP -2,C组:对照组,不加干扰因素.通过对试验组和对照组髓核细胞采用光镜、电镜等形态学方法进行大体形态和超微结构观察,细胞Ⅱ型胶原和糖胺多糖的mRNA表达.ELISA检测细胞培养上清中人Ⅱ型胶原含量,DMMB比色法检测细胞培养上清中糖胺多糖含量.[结果]髓核细胞中Ⅱ型胶原、糖胺多糖表达水平实验组均高于对照组.[结论] BMP-2蛋白可促进退变腰椎间盘细胞分泌蛋白多糖和Ⅱ型胶原,增加细胞活性,恢复椎间盘的功能和活性,因此运用BMP-2椎间盘内注射有望成为椎间盘退变疾病生物治疗的方法之一.     

成人肱骨远瑞关节内骨折的手术治疗

成人脱骨远端关节内骨折的最佳治疗方法一直是众多学者讨论的焦点。作者通过对12例成人肱骨远端关节内骨折的治疗，体会到：早期手术、关节内解剖复位、坚强内固定及早期功能锻炼是获得好的治疗效果的关键。1临床资料自1996年5月～1998年10月对12例成人肱骨远瑞关节内骨折行手术治疗。其中男4例，女8例；年龄50～85岁，平均年龄6岁。按AO／ASIF分类法[1]分类；CI型3例，CZ型7例，C3型2例。合并肘关节脱位4例，开放性骨折3例。治疗方法：2例患者因同时合并高血压、糖尿病，须术前行内科治疗，遂于伤后3天手术。其余10例均于伤后队小时内…     

导航下与传统方法应用动力髋螺钉治疗老年股骨转子间骨折的疗效比较

Objective To compare the navigational and traditional dynamic hip screw (DHS) fix-ations in the treatment of intertrochanteric fractures in elderly patients. Methods A retrospective study was conducted to analyze the elderly patients with intertrochanterie fracture who had been treated in our de-partment from April 2005 to April 2007 and whose clinical data were complete. Enrolled in the present study were 25 cases that had received navigational DHS fixation and 31 cases who had received traditional DHS fixation. In navigational group, there were 10 males and 15 females, with an average age of 82. 1 years. They were 14 eases of Evans type Ⅰ and 11 Evans type Ⅱ. In traditional group, there were 12 males and 19 fe-males, with an average age of 82. 8 years. They were 16 cases of Evans type Ⅰ and 15 Evans type Ⅱ. The 2 groups were compared in incision length, operation time, bleeding volume, X-ray exposure time, bed-ridden time, medical and implant complications, and one-year functional recovery. Results In navigational group, 23 patients were followed for 11 to 20 (average, 14) months and 2 were lost. In traditional group, 30 patients were followed up for 14 to 23 (average, 18) months and 1 died from cardiovascular disease within 1 year. Compared with traditional group, navigational group had a smaller incision, less blood loss, shorter bed-ridden time and less X-ray exposure time, a higher rate of fracture healing at 3 months, with statistically significant differences (P <0.05). The Harris hip function scores at postoperative 1 year were of no significant difference between the 2 groups (P > 0.05) . In navigational group there were 3 medical and 1 implant complications. In traditional group there were 9 medical and 5 implant complications. There was no significant difference between the 2 groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion In the treatment of intertrochanteric fractures for the elderly patients, the navigational DHS fixation is superior to traditional DHS fixation due to its ad-vantages of smaller incision, less blood loss, shorter bed-ridden time, faster fracture healing and betterfunctional recovery.     

X线透视导航下运用Gamma钉治疗股骨转子间骨折18例

目的 探讨在X线透视导航下运用Gamma钉治疗股骨转子间骨折的疗效.方法 回顾性分析接受X线透视导航下与传统方法 应用Gamma钉治疗且具有完整资料的38例老年股骨转子间骨折患者资料.导航下Gamma钉内固定组(导航组)18例,骨折按Evans分型:Ⅰ型10例,Ⅱ型8例.传统Gamma钉内固定组(传统组)20例,骨折按Evans分型:Ⅰ型14例,Ⅱ型6例.比较两组患者的切口长度、手术时间、术中出血量、X线暴露时间、内植物并发症、3个月内骨折愈合率及术后1年关节功能状况等.结果 与传统组比较,导航组切口小、术中出血少,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).导航组18例患者术后获18～26个月[平均(24±6)个月]随访.传统组20例患者术后获16～24个月[平均(20±6)个月]随访.两组患者全部获骨性愈合,3个月内骨折愈合者导航组12例,传统组15例,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).导航组X线平均采集图像3～5(4±1)次,传统组6～10(8±2)次,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).导航组优7例,良10例,可1例,优良率为94.4%.传统组优8例,良8例,可4例,优良率为80.0%,两组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).两组患者均无内植物相关并发症.结论 与传统Gamma钉内固定治疗老年股骨转子间骨折比较,导航下Gamma钉内固定可以精确地保证尖顶距<25 mm,且具有切口小、术中出血量少及术后髋关节功能恢复好等优点,值得在临床推广.     

老年股骨转子间骨折的手术方法选择及围手术期处理

目的:探讨老年股骨转子间骨折的手术方法及围手术期处理.方法:对120例老年股骨转子间骨折术前内科疾病、骨折类型、术后并发症等进行分析.结果:本组患者平均年龄80.4岁,每例合并有不同程度的内科疾病,平均2.3种,均成功进行了手术治疗,术后并发症发生率为9.2%.结论:老年股骨转子间骨折术前合并内科疾病多,充分评估和治疗术前疾病,选择合适的手术方式,可以降低围手术期的并发症.