肾功能损伤分级系统在成人心脏术后的应用

Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate of adilty of two acute renal failure-specific scoring systenms (the classification by Bellome et al and the AKIN criteria) for predicting hospital mortality after cardiac surgery in adult patients. Methods Between October 1 st 2006 to Decemjber 31 st 2006, 509 adult patients who ungerwent coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and/ or valve operation were enrolled in this study. The medical data collection included gender, age, types of operation, perioperative he- modynamic parameters, urine output, biochemical parameters and outcome. Renal function was assessed daily according to the classi- ficatinn by Bellomo and the AKIN criteria, respectively. As references, Acure Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation(APACHE) Ⅱ and Sepsis-related Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score were also calculated. Resuits Three hundred and forty-one patients were male (67.0%), and 168 were female (33.0%), mean age was (56.2±12.0) years old. Tnree hundred and nine patieats un- derwent CABG, 182 underwent valve operation and 18 underwent CABG plus valve operation, Mean duration of ventilation support was (20.4±17.7) houra, and the ICU stay was (1.4±1.0) days. Postoperative hospital stay was (13.8±9.1) days. According to the classification by Bellomo., the highest in-hospital mortality was 52.9% in ARFS group. Mahiplicatinn of in-hospital morality rate was abserved (X2 for trend, P<0.01) in 0.4% (non-ARF), 1.2% (stage 1), 12.0% (stal～ 2) and 32.4% (stage 3) of pa- tients based on the AKIN criteria. By applying the area under the receiver operating characteristic ourve, the classification by Bellomo and the AKIN criteria had good discriminative power. Furthering, multivariate logistic regression analysis verified that the Odds Ratio of the AKIN criteria was 5.478 (P =0.028, 95% Confidence Interval 1.027- 24.856), after adjusting for gender and age. Con- clusion Analytical data confinned good discriminative power of both the AKIN criteria and the classification by Bellomo for predicting hospital mortality of adult postoperative patient with ARF.     

肾功能损伤分级系统在成人心脏术后的应用

Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate of adilty of two acute renal failure-specific scoring systenms (the classification by Bellome et al and the AKIN criteria) for predicting hospital mortality after cardiac surgery in adult patients. Methods Between October 1 st 2006 to Decemjber 31 st 2006, 509 adult patients who ungerwent coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and/ or valve operation were enrolled in this study. The medical data collection included gender, age, types of operation, perioperative he- modynamic parameters, urine output, biochemical parameters and outcome. Renal function was assessed daily according to the classi- ficatinn by Bellomo and the AKIN criteria, respectively. As references, Acure Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation(APACHE) Ⅱ and Sepsis-related Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score were also calculated. Resuits Three hundred and forty-one patients were male (67.0%), and 168 were female (33.0%), mean age was (56.2±12.0) years old. Tnree hundred and nine patieats un- derwent CABG, 182 underwent valve operation and 18 underwent CABG plus valve operation, Mean duration of ventilation support was (20.4±17.7) houra, and the ICU stay was (1.4±1.0) days. Postoperative hospital stay was (13.8±9.1) days. According to the classification by Bellomo., the highest in-hospital mortality was 52.9% in ARFS group. Mahiplicatinn of in-hospital morality rate was abserved (X2 for trend, P<0.01) in 0.4% (non-ARF), 1.2% (stage 1), 12.0% (stal～ 2) and 32.4% (stage 3) of pa- tients based on the AKIN criteria. By applying the area under the receiver operating characteristic ourve, the classification by Bellomo and the AKIN criteria had good discriminative power. Furthering, multivariate logistic regression analysis verified that the Odds Ratio of the AKIN criteria was 5.478 (P =0.028, 95% Confidence Interval 1.027- 24.856), after adjusting for gender and age. Con- clusion Analytical data confinned good discriminative power of both the AKIN criteria and the classification by Bellomo for predicting hospital mortality of adult postoperative patient with ARF.     

肾功能分级在成人心脏术后肾功能衰竭的应用

Objective To evaluate the ability of the RIFLE classification to predict hospital mortality in adult patients who underwent cardiac surgery. Methods From October Ist 2006 to December 31st 2006, five hundred and nine adult patients who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting and/or valve operation were enrolled in this study. Renal function was assessed daily according to the RIFLE classification, meanwhile, APACHE Ⅱ score and SOFA score were also evaluated, as well as the maximum scores were recorded. Results Mean duration of ventilation support was 18(14 - 19) hours, the time of ICU stay was 1.4 ± 1.0 days, and the time of postoperative hospital stay was 12. 0(10.0- 15.0) days. 167 patients (32. 8%) incurred postoperative ARF according to the RIFLE classification. The overall mortality was 4. 3% (22/502). A significant increase (P < 0. 01) was observed for mortality based on RIFLE classification. By applying the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, the RIFLE classification had more powerful discrimination power [0. 933, (95% CI 0. 872 -0. 995) ,P <0. 001]. Conclusions ARF is one of the major complications in postcardiotomy patients. Analytical data suggested the good discriminative power of the RIFLE classification for predicting inpatient mortality of adult postoperative patient with ARF, and the RIFLE classification is simple and practically performed. According to the RIFLE classification, patients with RIFLE class I or class F incur a significantly increased risk of in-hospital mortality compared with those who never develop ARF.     

APACHEⅢ评分与老年冠状动脉移植术后IABP辅助治疗的医院感染

目的分析冠状动脉移植术后主动脉内球囊反搏辅助的老年患者的医院感染情况与APACHEⅢ评分的相关性。方法回顾性收集、分析我院2006年4月至2009年2月冠状动脉移植术后IABP辅助治疗的老年（≥65岁）患者的医院感染资料,并进行APACHEⅢ评分系统评估。结果 111例患者,年龄69.9±3.8岁,男77例,女34例。医院感染29例,感染率26.1%。患者平均APACHEⅢ评分为60.8±14.0,高分组患者的医院感染率和住院死亡率均高于低分组。结论医院感染是老年冠状动脉移植术后IABP辅助患者的死亡危险因素之一,APACHEⅢ评分系统可作为预测医院感染发生的方法之一。     

体外膜肺氧合辅助后高胆红素血症的临床意义

目的 探讨体外膜肺氧合(ECMO)辅助病人高胆红素血症的发病率及其对住院死亡的影响.方法 收集2005年至2008年65例应用ECMO辅助的成年病人资料,记录血流动力学、血牛化指标等以及临床转归.结果 51例成功脱离ECMO,脱机率为78.5%,33例生存出院,总病死率49.2%.55.4%的ECMO辅助病人发生高胆红素血症,其病死率明显高于非高胆红素血症组(P<0.01).Logis-tic回归分析显示,高胆红素血症明显增加病人住院死亡风险(OR=3.895,P<0.01).结论 高胆红素血症在ECMO辅助病人中的发病率较高,是增加术后病死率的影响因素之一,应及时处理,以改善病人的临床转归.     

我国冠状动脉旁路移植术住院死亡预测模型研究及欧洲心血管手术危险评分系统效能检验

目的:分析并初步建立我国冠状动脉旁路移植术(coronary artery bypass grafting,CABG)风险预测模型,并与欧洲心血管手术危险因素评分系统即EuroSCORE及EuroSCORE对数回归模型对比。方法:回顾性分析2006年1月1日至2007年6月30日,北京安贞医院心脏外科行CABG手术或CABG合并手术的1637例患者资料。收集影响手术死亡的42个术前危险因素,经过单因素与多因素Logistic回归分析确立独立危险因素,并据此初步建立CABG手术死亡危险评估模型,再对模型进行分辨度、校准度检验,并与EuroSCORE及EuroSCORE对数回归模型进行对比研究。结果:全组患者年龄(61.9±9.7)岁,实际病死率4.03%(66/1637),CABG合并手术3.85%(63/1637),多因素Logistic回归分析结果:慢性肺部疾病、外周血管疾病、急性心肌梗死、既往介入治疗(PTCA、溶栓或支架)、心源性休克、主动脉瓣反流及二尖瓣反流为CABG手术死亡的独立危险因素。据此建立CABG手术死亡危险评估模型。并与EuroSCORE及EuroSCORE对数回归模型进行对比研究。受试者工作特征(Receiver-OperatingCharacteristic,ROC)曲线下面积:新建立风险模型(0.83)EuroSCORE对数回归模型(0.82)EuroSCORE模型(0.81),Hosmer-Lemeshowχ2检验新模型P=0.225,P0.05,即预计病死率与实际观测病死率差异无统计学意义;而其他2种模型P0.05。结论:慢性肺部疾病、外周血管疾病、急性心肌梗死、既往介入治疗(PTCA、溶栓或支架)、心源性休克、主动脉瓣反流及二尖瓣反流等7个因素为CABG手术死亡的独立危险因素。据此建立的CABG手术死亡危险评估模型具有良好的分辨度和校准度。     

主动脉内球囊反搏在老年冠状动脉移植术中的应用

目的:评价主动脉内球囊反搏在老年冠状动脉移植术中的应用。方法:回顾性分析2006年5月至2009年2月在我院行冠状动脉移植手术应用主动脉内球囊反搏(IABP)辅助的老年(≥65岁)患者资料。其中男性77例,女性34例,平均年龄(69.9±3.8)岁。结果:所有患者中非体外循环冠状动脉移植术79例,体外循环冠状动脉移植术32例。IABP术前放置32例(28.82%),术中/术后放置79例(71.17%),主要并发症有:急性肾功能损伤(45.05%),感染(35.14%)和二次气管插管(12.61%)等。术后住院死亡30例,病死率27%。术前置入IABP的患者病死率(15.63%)明显低于术中或术后置入IABP的患者病死率(31.65%,P=0.004)。患者置入IABP时间不同,其术后是否二次气管插管、是否发生急性肾功能损伤差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。多因素回归分析二次气管插管(OR=165.850,95%CI7.110～386.557,P=0.001)、感染(OR=20.911,95%CI2.940～148.710,P=0.002)和急性肾功能损伤(OR=12.557,95%CI2.935～53.716,P=0.001)是住院死亡的独立危险因素。结论:对于行冠状动脉移植术的老年患者,IABP是安全且行之有效的辅助循环手段之一,在本组研究中,术前放置IABP组患者的病死率显著低于术中/术后放置IABP组患者的病死率,故应积极预防和控制围术期并发症的发生,以降低患者的病死率。     

欧洲心血管手术危险因素评分预测冠状动脉旁路移植术后早期预后的评价

目的:评估欧洲心血管手术危险因素评分(EuroSCORE)系统预测我国冠状动脉旁路移植术(CABG)后早期预后的预测能力。方法:回顾性分析2006-06-01至2007-12-31我院心脏外科行CABG手术或CABG合并手术的1623例患者资料,使用EuroSCORE的加法模型(additive)及对数回归模型(logistic)评估所有患者的死亡、重症监护病房(ICU)时间延长以及主要并发症的发生,并评价其效能,分辨能力评价采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线,校准度评价采用Hosmer-Lemeshowχ2检验。结果:EuroSCORE的additive模型及logistic模型预测术后死亡的ROC曲线下面积分别是0.787和0.801,ICU时间延长的ROC曲线下面积分别是0.725和0.741,术后呼吸功能衰竭的ROC曲线下面积分别是0.692和0.702,术后肾功能衰竭的ROC曲线下面积分别是0.788和0.796,二次开胸止血的ROC曲线下面积分别是0.711和0.723。Hosmer-Lemeshowχ2检验结果:additive模型拟合优度较好,P值均大于0.05,logistic模型拟合优度不佳,P值除预测ICU时间延长一项大于0.05,其余均小于0.05。结论:EuroSCORE对我国CABG患者手术死亡、ICU时间延长、术后呼吸功能衰竭、术后肾功能衰竭、二次开胸止血预测能力中等,且additive模型的预测精度优于logistic模型。     

肾功能分级在成人心脏术后肾功能衰竭的应用

目的 探讨RIFLE分级对成人心脏术后患者临床转归的预测价值.方法 收集509例行冠状动脉移植术、瓣膜替换术成年患者资料.按照RIFLE分级、APACHE Ⅱ及SOFA评分,在心脏手术后住院期间分别对患者进行评分并记录最高分值.结果 术后呼吸机辅助时间18(14～19)h,监护室停留时间(1.4 ±1.0)d,术后住院时间12.0 d(10.0～15.0)d.根据RIFLE分级,发生不同程度急性肾功能衰竭共167例,占32.8%;住院死亡22例,死亡率4.3%,死亡率随RIFLE分级的递进有升高趋势(P<0.01).RIFLEmax的ROC曲线下面积为0.933(P<0.001).结论 ARF是心脏术后常见并发症之一,RIFLE分级对此类患者住院死亡有良好预测能力;分级进入I级和F级会明显增加住院死亡的可能.     

老年冠状动脉移植术后主动脉内球囊反搏辅助治疗的医院感染分析

目的分析冠状动脉移植术后主动脉内球囊反搏(IABP)辅助治疗的老年患者医院感染情况。方法回顾性收集、分析医院2006年4月-2009年2月冠状动脉移植术后IABP辅助治疗的老年患者(≥65岁)医院感染资料。结果 111例患者,年龄(69.9±3.8)岁,医院感染29例,感染率26.1%;分离病原菌87株,其中革兰阴性菌47株(54.1%),革兰阳性菌23株(26.4%),真菌17株(19.5%);医院感染组患者死亡19例(65.5%),非医院感染组死亡11例(13.4%),两组患者病死率差异有统计学意义(P0.001)。结论医院感染是老年冠状动脉移植术后IABP辅助患者的死亡危险因素之一,要提高对此类患者医院感染危害的认识,合理使用抗菌药物,以降低病死率。