合成肽库及其应用

合成肽库由含特定长度的肽片段所组成，它包含了该长度短肽的各种可能序列或绝大部分序列。合成肽库家族包括随机合成肽库、合成肽组合文库（SPCL）、多用途肽库（MUPL）、位置扫描合成肽组合文库（PS．SPCL）、寡核苷酸编码的合成肽库等。肽库技术除可用于蛋白质研究及分子识别，也开始应用于免疫学领域，如抗原表位分析、药物设计及疫苗研制等方面。     

ERG和VEP在视网膜色素变性早期诊断中的应用

视网膜色素变性(RP)是临床上较为常见的一种遗传性致盲眼病,发病率约1/3000～1/5000。临床特点为夜盲,进行性视野缩窄,渐进性视力下降,眼底视     

全手指皮肤撕脱原位缝合成活2例

全手指碾压、皮肤撕脱在手外伤中比较常见，一般的治疗方法与手指脱套伤治疗方法相同。2002年2—10月，我院对5例全手指碾压伴皮肤撕脱伤的患者行细致清创、撕脱皮肤原位缝合，术后配合扩血管药物的治疗，撕脱皮肤大部分成活，小片未成活处经局部换药后痊愈，手指外观及功能均较满意。现将其中2例资料报道如下。     

某移民城市男男性行为人群艾滋病相关高危行为特征分析

目的 了解某移民城市男男性行为者（MSM）一般人口学特征以及高危行为特征,为制定有效的干预措施、防制策略提供科学依据.方法 采用同伴推动抽样（RDS）方法获得调查对象,对MSM进行匿名问卷调查,问卷内容包括基本人口学资料、性取向、性行为方式、安全套使用及商业性行为等.结果 共调查MSM者589人,未婚占90.49％;外省户籍占72.33％;最近6个月,同性性伴中位数为5个,安全套坚持使用率为74.27％,与固定性伴、多次性伴、偶遇性伴和商业性伴肛交的安全套坚持使用率分别为15.79％、16.85％、15.38％和82.35％; 9.78％的肛交性伴中有外籍人士;24.37％的MSM的非商业性伴中有香港人;46.18％的调查对象有同性商业性行为,7.64％的调查对象有异性商业性行为;47.88％的调查对象与女性发生过性行为,安全套坚持使用率为40.59％.结论 某移民城市MSM人群流动性大,与香港及外籍人士,多性伴、商业性行为以及异性性行为均普遍存在,除商业性行为外,其他性行为中安全套使用率均较低,应加强健康教育和行为干预力度.     

尿流式有形成分及干化学分析在尿路感染诊断中的应用评价

Objective To evaluate the clinical application of automated urine formed elements analyzer and/or urine dipstick analyzer for examination of urinary formed elements in screening urinary tract infection (UTI). Methods 148 fresh midstream clear-catch urine samples from the UTI patients and 284 fresh midstream clear-catch urine samples from non-UTI subjects were selected. Bacteria culture was performed for bacterial colony counting and identification. Bacteria counts ( BACT), yeast-like fungus and WBC were performed by UF-looOi automated urine formed elements analyzer. Leukocyte esterase test (LEU) and nitrite test (NIT) were performed by URISYS 2400 urine dipstick analyzer. We evaluated data obtained from urine dipstick analyzer, UF-1000i and combination of UF-1000i with urine dipstick analyzer and the results was compared with those obtained from quantitative bacterial culture. Then we evaluated the sensibility, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV) and accuracy. Results Among the 148 patients with UTI, the positive rate of the quantitative bacterial culture was 73.6% (109/148), the positive rate of LEU and NIT detected by dipstick test 26. 4% (39/148).There was significantly statistical difference between bacterial culture and strip test(χ2 = 55.68 ,P < 0. 05 ). The positive rate of urine flow cytometry by UF-1000i with either positive of BACT and WBC was 91.2%(135/148), which was higher than the positive rate of the quantitative bacterial culture. There was significant difference between two methods (χ2 = 14. 70, P < 0. 05 ). The positive rate of anyone positive among BACT, WBC, LEU and NIT was 94. 6% (140/148) when detected with combination of dipstick test and UF-1000i, which was higher than the positive rate of the quantitative bacterial culture. And there was significant difference between two methods (χ2 = 20. 45, P < 0. 05 ). The sensitivity of dipstick test was low (26. 4% ,39/148 ), and specificity was high ( 99. 3%, 282/284 ) . The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value of BACT detected by UF-1000i in diagnosing urinary tract infection were 92. 6% ( 137/148 ), 39. 8% ( 113/284 ). 44. 5% ( 137/308 ) and 91.1% ( 113/124 ), respectively. If the dipstick test was combined with UF-1000i, the sensitivity, negative predictive value, specificity, positive predictive value and accuracy were 98.0% ( 145/148 ), 97.1% ( 100/103 ). 35.2% (100/284) ,44. 1% (145/329) and 56. 7% (245/432), respectively. Conclusions The combination of urine dipstick test and automated urine formed elements analyzer UF-1000i plays an important role in early diagnosis of UTI. And it has significant value in diagnosis of UTI, especially for the patients with negative bacterial cultures of urine sample.     

主动脉夹层分离并急性心肌梗死的观察与护理7例

1999年12月-2003年10月，我科收治了7例主动脉夹层分离并急性心肌梗死患者，效果明显，现将护理体会介绍如下。     

尿流式有形成分及干化学分析在尿路感染诊断中的应用评价

Objective To evaluate the clinical application of automated urine formed elements analyzer and/or urine dipstick analyzer for examination of urinary formed elements in screening urinary tract infection (UTI). Methods 148 fresh midstream clear-catch urine samples from the UTI patients and 284 fresh midstream clear-catch urine samples from non-UTI subjects were selected. Bacteria culture was performed for bacterial colony counting and identification. Bacteria counts ( BACT), yeast-like fungus and WBC were performed by UF-looOi automated urine formed elements analyzer. Leukocyte esterase test (LEU) and nitrite test (NIT) were performed by URISYS 2400 urine dipstick analyzer. We evaluated data obtained from urine dipstick analyzer, UF-1000i and combination of UF-1000i with urine dipstick analyzer and the results was compared with those obtained from quantitative bacterial culture. Then we evaluated the sensibility, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV) and accuracy. Results Among the 148 patients with UTI, the positive rate of the quantitative bacterial culture was 73.6% (109/148), the positive rate of LEU and NIT detected by dipstick test 26. 4% (39/148).There was significantly statistical difference between bacterial culture and strip test(χ2 = 55.68 ,P < 0. 05 ). The positive rate of urine flow cytometry by UF-1000i with either positive of BACT and WBC was 91.2%(135/148), which was higher than the positive rate of the quantitative bacterial culture. There was significant difference between two methods (χ2 = 14. 70, P < 0. 05 ). The positive rate of anyone positive among BACT, WBC, LEU and NIT was 94. 6% (140/148) when detected with combination of dipstick test and UF-1000i, which was higher than the positive rate of the quantitative bacterial culture. And there was significant difference between two methods (χ2 = 20. 45, P < 0. 05 ). The sensitivity of dipstick test was low (26. 4% ,39/148 ), and specificity was high ( 99. 3%, 282/284 ) . The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value of BACT detected by UF-1000i in diagnosing urinary tract infection were 92. 6% ( 137/148 ), 39. 8% ( 113/284 ). 44. 5% ( 137/308 ) and 91.1% ( 113/124 ), respectively. If the dipstick test was combined with UF-1000i, the sensitivity, negative predictive value, specificity, positive predictive value and accuracy were 98.0% ( 145/148 ), 97.1% ( 100/103 ). 35.2% (100/284) ,44. 1% (145/329) and 56. 7% (245/432), respectively. Conclusions The combination of urine dipstick test and automated urine formed elements analyzer UF-1000i plays an important role in early diagnosis of UTI. And it has significant value in diagnosis of UTI, especially for the patients with negative bacterial cultures of urine sample.     

PWV、ABI、IMT与冠心病冠脉狭窄程度的相关性分析

目的观察血管结构功能指标肱-踝脉搏波传导速度(PWV)、踝臂指数(ABI)、颈动脉内中膜厚度(IMT)与冠心病冠状动脉狭窄严重程度之间的相关性。方法收集2008年9月—2009年7月入住山西博爱医院心内科怀疑冠心病患者的血管结构功能指标以及冠状动脉造影结果,分析血管结构功能指标与冠脉狭窄程度的相关性。结果PWV、ABI、IMT与冠脉造影冠状动脉病变狭窄程度具有明显相关性(P0.01)。结论血管结构功能指标可用于评价冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病的严重程度。     

脑内氧化应激参与心力衰竭时交感神经兴奋

目的观察NADPH氧化酶抑制剂apocynin（APO）对心肌梗死后心衰大鼠白介素-1β（IL-1β）、去甲肾上腺素及心功能的影响。方法采用左冠状动脉前降支结扎术致心肌梗死制备大鼠心衰模型和假手术模型（Sham）,连续4周经侧脑室给予NADPH氧化酶抑制剂apocynin（10μg/hr）或人工脑脊液干预（aCSF）。4周后,采用ELISA检测室旁核和血浆IL-1β的含量,采用高效液相色谱法测量血浆去甲肾上腺素水平,并测定全心/体重（WH/BW）、肺/体重（Lung/BW）。结果与Sham组比较,心衰大鼠室旁核和血浆IL-1β的含量明显增加（P〈0.05）;血浆去甲肾上腺素水平明显增加（P〈0.05）。与HF＋aCSF组相比,HF＋APO组血浆增高的IL-1β和去甲肾上腺素的含量降低（P〈0.05）、WH/BW和Lung/BW降低（P〈0.05）。结论心肌梗死后心衰大鼠室旁核和血浆IL-1β的含量增加并伴有交感神经活动增加,从而加重心衰;抑制NADPH氧化酶的活性可以降低外周交感神经兴奋性和IL-1β的含量,并且可能通过该抑制作用对心功能改善及肺淤血减轻发挥作用。     

维拉帕米及尼卡地平对瘢痕组织抑制作用的体外实验

目的研究钙离子拮抗剂维拉帕米及尼卡地平对体外培养的瘢痕组织的成纤维细胞增殖的抑制作用,同时对两药药效进行比较,观测两药的作用特点。方法四甲基偶氮唑（MTT）比色法检测两药对瘢痕组织的成纤维细胞增殖的影响：向对数生长期的患者病理性瘢痕组织的成纤维细胞中分别加入不同浓度维拉帕米及尼卡地平（150、100、50、10、0μmol／L）,分别在用药后24、72、120h进行MTT法检测,将吸光度值（A值）换算为生长抑制率,根据直线回归法计算出各时间点的半数有效抑制浓度（IC50）并进行统计学比较。结果维拉帕米及尼卡地平均显示很强的对瘢痕组织成纤维细胞增殖的抑制作用。但作用特点各有不同,维拉帕米在早期作用强于尼卡地平（P〈0．05）。而随时间延长,在3～5d时反而减弱,而尼卡地平则显示出较好的时间依赖性,在5d时其抑制作用明显强于维拉帕米（P〈0．05）。结论维拉帕米及尼卡地平对瘢痕组织成纤维细胞增殖抑制作用的时效不同,为两药联合应用治疗瘢痕提供了理论依据。