糖尿病性肢端坏疽的处理

糖尿病肢端坏疽绝大多数发生在下肢,临床表现常有三种不同特征。一般表现皮肤粗糙、少汗、脱屑,自觉发凉,皮肤色泽苍白,有时色素沉着色暗而黑。皮肤色泽与温度常是护理和治疗转归的主要指标。局部换药:根据不同类型采取不同的换药方法。干性坏疽注意保护创面的湿润;湿性坏疽应尽量减少创面渗出。洞道引流不畅者可切开引流。腐烂坏死组织分期或选择适当时机予以清除。换药后绷带包扎应松紧适度;夏天敷料不宜过厚;冬天注意保暖。糖尿病皮肤水泡病的护理:积极改善全身微循环和血液动力障碍。下肢适当涂以改善微循     

对中等职业教育药理实验教学改革的探索

传统的药理实验课仅仅是做为印证、加深课堂理论知识的一种辅助性教学.     

煤矿职工损伤和中毒死亡分析

损伤和中毒是一类似非疾病性死亡为主,较难以预见的死亡现象。在采矿业特别是采煤业中尤为普遍和严重,分析和掌握其原因、影响因素及特点,对减少意外伤亡和经济损失,提高煤矿职工的健康水平具有一定的意义。对象和方法观察对象为本省两家较大型煤矿的男性职工。观察期间自1960年1月1日至1989年12月31日止。死亡、人口和职业史等资料均来自于煤工死因的专题调查。总观察数为133967人年。按ICD-9损伤和中毒的外部原因的补充分类进行统计分析。     

浅谈老龄化社会的护理要求

中医护理在老年养生保健、康复锻炼中起着重要作用,浅述如下. 1 社区护理需求 社区老年护理增加:2000年,我国60岁以上老年人口总数达到了1.3亿,占总人口的10.9%,按国际标准已进入老龄化社会.2020年我国60岁以上的老人增加到2.3亿,同时65岁以上的老年人将超过19岁以下的年轻人的比例.老年人健康问题是家庭、社会最关心的问题,健康老龄化的实现,带来了许多相应的社区护理需求.     

云南白药敷肚脐佐治婴儿腹泻

婴儿腹泻是儿科常见疾病之一。自1994年2月来，我科在传统补液、纠酸等治疗的基础上，采用云南白药敷肚脐收到满意效果，现介绍如下。1临床资料1．1对象：采用住院患儿56例，分为两组：治疗组28例，在传统治疗同时云南白药敷肚脐；对照组28例，只采用传统治疗。两组入院时症状，见附表。附表两组入院时症状1．2方法：取云南白药适量，例入小药杯中，用30％～50％酒精（或白酒）把云南白药调成糊状。擦净患儿脐部，把调好的云南白药敷于脐部，最后用伤湿止痛膏固定好，每日更换1～2次。2效果评价显效：在用药2天内大便次数明显减少，尿量增加…     

冠心病因瘀证、痰浊证与血液流变学关系探讨

对68例冠心病患者(其中血瘀证37例,痰浊证31例)进行了血液流变学指标测定,并同时观察健康人62例以作对照。结果表明,与正常对照组比较,冠心病血瘀证、痰浊证的血液流变性均发生了不同程度的病理改变,血液流变学改变的共同之处为全血比粘度(低切变速度下)和血浆比粘度增高,红细胞电泳时间延长,血清甘油三脂增高。而血瘀证血液呈高度“浓、粘、聚”状态,全血比粘度及红细胞电泳时间延长更甚,红细胞压积升高,血清总胆固醇增高;痰浊证血液流变学改变反映了痰浊阻滞的特点,主要表现为血浆比粘度和血清甘油三脂的增高。此为冠心病辨证分型提供了参考依据并有助于指导临床治疗。     

活血降糖饮对2型糖尿病代谢及血液流变学的疗效观察

观察110例2型糖尿病人中药活血降糖饮治疗前后血糖、血脂及血液流变学指标的变化.实验结果表明,活血降糖饮有降低血糖、血脂,改善血液黏聚状态的作用,从而控制微血管病变的发生及发展.     

护士长岗位角色转变和适应探究

随着医院发展,聘任制度的改革,许多年轻护士走上了护理管理岗位。从护士到护士长的角色转变,会面临着不少困惑、挫折和压力,产生角色认知的偏差与混淆,使新任护士长感到焦虑和彷徨,影响病房管理质量。如何尽快地适应新角色及提高自身素质和管理能力,是新护士长面临的挑战。通过学习和摸索逐渐适应了管理岗位,顺利完成角色转变。现将经验体会总结如下。     

Tei指数在监测妊娠合并心脏病伴肺动脉高压患者右心室功能中的作用

Objective To investigate clinical value of Tei index used for monitoring right ventricular (RV) function in pregnant women complicating cardiac disease accompanying pulmonary hypertension(PH) and the influence on left ventricular(LV) function due to overload pressure of RV. Methods Fifty-eight pregnant women complicating cardiac disease (including 32 cases with congenital heart disease,14 cases with rheumatic heart disease and 8 cases with arrhythmia)were enrolled in this study, among 26 cases coexisted with pulmonary hypertension. According to the pressure of PH, those patients were divided into three groups:11 cases in mild group[30-49 mm Hg (1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa)],9 cases in moderate group (50-79 mm Hg)and 6 cases in severe group (≥80 mm Hg). In the mean time, 15 healthy pregnant women were matched as control. Tei index were measured for LV and RV respectively. Results (1) The isovolumetric relaxation time [IRT,(93±52) ms] and isovolumetric contraction time [ICT,(66±41) ms] of RV in PH group were significantly higher than normal controls [(39±19) ms in IRT and (38±20) ms in ICT] and the other patients without PH group[(59±12) ms in IRT and (43±19)ms in ICT, P<0.01, P<0.05;P<0.05,P<0.05]; however, ejection time (ET) was(239±46) ms significantly shortened in PH group (P<0.05,P<0.01) when compared with (250±41) ms in patients without PH and (299±38) ms in normal controls. Tei index in PH group were 0.72±0.49, which were significantly higher than 0.38±0.12 in normal controls and 0.43±0.16 in patients without PH (P<0.01,P<0.05). (2) The IRT[(99±27)ms] and ICT[(71±40) ms] of LV in PH group were significantly higher than in normal controls [(88±20) ms,(50±24)ms] (P<0.01,P<0.01). ET of LV in PH group [(202±26)ms] were significantly shortened that (290±21)ms in normal controls and (220±36)ms in patients without PH (P<0.01,P<0.05). Tei index of LV in PH group were significantly higher than 0.43±0.15 in normal controls and 0.58±0.21 in patients without PH (P<0.01,P<0.05). (3) Positive correlation between Tei index of RV and pressure of pumonaroy artery were observed (r=0.84, P<0.01). (4) Tei index of RV in severe PH were significantly higher than mild PH (0.75±0.43 vs. 0.68±0.35, P<0.01) and moderate PH (0.75±0.43 vs. 0.71±0.14, P<0.05). Conclusions (1)The Tei index is a novel efficient Doppler index in assessing RV function of pregnant women complicating cardiac disease accompanying PH. And the fluctuation of Tei index might reflect seriousness of the disease. (2) The overload pressure of RV pressure due to PH has significant influence on LV function.