内镜黏膜下剥离术治疗下咽早期癌及癌前病变围手术期管理

目的 回顾性分析内镜黏膜下剥离术（Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection, ESD)治疗下咽早期癌及癌前病变围手术期系统管理方法，以提高手术成功率及降低并发症的发生。方法 将我院内镜中心2015年12月至2019年5月收治的23例下咽早期癌及癌前病变患者采用ESD术治疗和围手术期一体式系统化管理。结果 经围手术期系统化管理，23例患者均成功完成下咽早期癌及癌前病变的ESD治疗，平均住院时间11天，术中及术后无严重并发症发生。结论 ESD手术可作为治疗下咽早期癌及癌前病变的有效方法，围手术期系统化管理是保证手术顺利进行和良好疗效的重要环节。     

^1H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy screening for animals with acute cerebral infraction suitable forthrombolytic therapy

BACKGROUND: As a non-invasive technique which can provide comprehensive biological information, 1H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) may provide valuable reference data for irreversible recovery or reversible changes in ischemic tissue after stroke. OBJECTIVE: To monitor and evaluate the effect of the urokinase thrombolytic therapy after experimental acute cerebral ischemia by 1H-MRS technology and investigate its adaptability. DESIGN: Randomly controlled animal study. SETTINGS: Shenzhen Hospital of Peking University and National Key Laboratory of Pattern and Atom & Molecular Physics, Wuhan Physics and Mathematics Institute, Chinese Academy of Science. MATERIALS: Eleven healthy adult Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats, weighing 260–300 g and of both genders, were supplied by Experimental Animal Center of Tongji Medical Collage, Huazhong University of Science and Technology [SCXK (e) 2004-007]. 4.7T superconducting nuclear magnetic resonance meter was provided by Brucker Company. METHODS: The experiment was carried out in Shenzhen Hospital of Peking University and National Key Laboratory of Pattern and Atom & Molecular Physics, Wuhan Physics and Mathematics Institute, Chinese Academy of Science from August 2003 to December 2005. ① The rats were randomly divided into 30-minute self-thrombo-embolism group (n =6) and 60-minute self-thrombo-embolism group (n =5). Six rats in 30-minute self-thrombo-embolism group were occluded with clot embolus for 30 minutes and 5 rats in 60-minute self-thrombo-embolism group were occluded for 60 minutes. 10 000 U/kg urokinase was dissolved in 2 mL saline and the operation lasted for 5 minutes. ② 1H-MRS was performed before thrombolysis and at 3 hours and 24 hours after successful embolization. The metabolic changes of N-acetyl-L-aspartic acid (NAA)/phosphocreatine (PCr) + creatine (Cr), choline phosphate (Cho)/PCr+Cr and lactic acid (Lac)/PCr+Cr in the region of interests were analyzed. ③ The T2W image was conducted 24 hours after the thrombolytic therapy with TR=500 ms and TE=25 ms. ④ The subjects were sacrificed immediately after 1H-MRS and the brain tissues were cut into pieces and stained with HE method; in addition, pathological changes were observed under optic microscope. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Metabolic changes of NAA/PCr+Cr, Cho/PCr+Cr and Lac/PCr+Cr in the region of interests; ② T2W image at 24 hours after the thrombolysis; ③ pathological observation of brain tissue. RESULTS: Eleven rats were all involved in the final analysis. ① Metabolic changes in the region of interests : In 30-minute self-thrombo-embolism group, the Lac peak emerged immediately after the embolism, but the ischemic zone decreased 3 hours after the thrombolytic therapy (0.252±0.01, 0.603±0.01, P < 0.01). Lac/(PCr+Cr) ratio was 0.290±0.01 at 24 hours after thrombolysis, which was higher than that at 3 hours after thrombolysis (P < 0.01). The NAA/ (PCr+Cr) ratio decreased significantly at 3 hours after the thrombolysis as compared with that before thrombolysis (0.922±0.16, 1.196±0.01, P < 0.05). In 60-minute self-thrombo-embolism group, the Lac/(PCr+Cr) ratio was higher at 3 hours after thrombolysis than that before thrombolysis (0.846±0.12, 0.601±0.11, P < 0.05) and the NAA/(PCr+Cr) decreased at 3 hours after the embolism. Fluctuation of NAA/ (PCr+Cr) ranged from 0.68 to 0.75 before thrombolysis and from 0.71 to 0.75 at 3 hours after thrombolysis. ② T2W image: T2W image showed that 2 subjects in 30-minute self-thrombo-embolism group whose Lac/NAA was higher than 0.7 suffered from intracranial hemorrhage. This meant that the subjects with Lac/NAA > 0.7 were more likely to suffer from intracranial hemorrhage. ③ Histological and morphological examinations: Optic microscope demonstrated that interspace surrounding nerve cells was widened at ischemic center; neurons were swelling; nucleus was stained lightly; pyknosis and mesenchymal edema were mainly observed in lateral cortex of brow and vertex and in lateral part of corpus striatum. CONCLUSION: ①Compound parameters in ischemic area before thrombolysis should be regarded as an important predicting marker for thrombolytic therapy, effect evaluation and termination. ② 1H-MRS combining with other imaging technique is a detecting way for screening cases who are suitable for thrombolytic therapy.     

冠内附着体的临床应用及力学分析

附着体在口腔修复中的应用已有一百多年的历史,随着科学技术的进步和发展,精密附着体逐渐走向成熟和商品化,使用精密附着体替代常规固位体,可以增进美观,改善基牙的应力分布,增强义齿稳定性,提高咀嚼效率[1]。目前附着体已应用于固定义齿、可摘义齿、固定可摘联合义齿、覆盖义齿和种植义齿上部结构中,丰富了义齿设计形式,为医师和患者提供了选择余地。附着体种类繁多,分类方法不一,Burns[2] 等的阐述较为系统,其中主要分类为:1.根据制作方法及精密程度分为精密附着体(precisionattachment)和半精密附着体(semipresicionattachment)。2.根据附着体与基牙的关系分为:冠内附着体(intracoronalattachment)和冠外附着体(extracoronalattachment)。3.根据附着体受力时是否运动分为:刚性附着体(rigidattachment)和弹性附着体(resilientattachment)。4.根据附着体的形状分为:栓体栓道(key-keyway)附着体;球窝(ballsocket)附着体;球帽(ballcap)附着体即摁扣式(snapfastener)附着体...     

Proteasome Inhibitors Sensitize Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells to TRAIL

A poptosis, an evolutionarily conserved form of cell suicide, oc- curs in two physiological stages: commitment and execution.[1] It has been found that several Bcl-2 family proteins are located in the outer mitochondrial membrane, where they control relea…     

β2-ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR GENE POLYMORPHISM IN CHINESE NORTHERN ASTHMATICS

THEβ2-adrenergicreceptor(β2-AR)ishighlyexpre-ssedonairwaysmoothmusclecellsinlung,anddefectsinβ2-ARsignalpathwaywereinvolvedinthepathogenesisofasthma.1 Humanβ2-ARgeneisanintr-onlessgenewithacodingblockconsistingof1239nucleo-tidesonchromosome5q31-32,genome-widesearchforas-thmasusceptibilitylocishowedthatmarkersonthisregionhavebeenlinkedtoasthma-associatedphenotypesinvariousethnicpopulations.2 Reihsausetal3 firstdescribedninecod-ingregionpolymorphisms,particularly,thethreecommonaminoacidsu…     

＂F918＂抗疲劳、抗衰老作用的实验研究

＂Ｆ９１８＂抗疲劳、抗衰老作用的实验研究范纯武，赵锐（北京电力医院１０００７３）＂Ｆ９１８＂是以黄芪、枸杞、大枣、山楂等数种既是食品又是药品的天然植物利用生物工程技术加工制成的一种抗疲劳、抗衰老保健饮料。为证实该饮料是否有上述效果。选用昆明种小鼠，体...     

CLINICAL ANALYSIS OF FOUR CHINESE HEMOPHILIACS WITH HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTION

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is now considered as the causative agent of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). A high risk of AIDS has been reported among patients with hemophilia who received lyophilized commercial factor VIII and IX concentrates of American origin. At a prevalent survey from September to December 1985, HIV antibodies were found in all four patients with hemophilia treated with the batch number W87307, 955 I.U. of American commercial factor VIII concentrate supplied by Armour Pharmaceutical Company, USA. One of the sero-positive patients developed AIDS-related complex (ARC) and died of cerebral hemorrhage. The other three sero-positive patients had abnormalities in cell-mediated immunity. Of them two developed left lumbosacral radiculopathy and hemorrhagic herpes zoster and one remained well so far.     

试述痤疮与月经不调

痤疮是一种毛囊皮脂腺的慢性炎症性皮肤疾病，多见于青春期，但近年来，临床发现许多成年女性，甚至更年期女性出现痤疮。有些患者是以痤疮就诊伴有月经不调，有些是以月经不调就诊伴见不同程度的痤疮。现代医学与传统医学均发现二者疾病的密切联系，并采取相应的治疗方法，取得了很好的疗效，现试论述于下。