西洋参经验鉴别的体验与探讨

西洋参经验鉴别是判断 其优劣，区分真伪的有效而简便的方法。通过研究西洋参经验鉴别的文献，西洋参种植、采收、加工和干燥过程对其质量的影响，总结多年来西洋参鉴别的工作经验，对西洋参药材在形体、质量、表面纹理、横断切面及滋味气味等层面，提出一些西洋参经验鉴别的观点。     

彩色多普勒超声对软组织肿物良恶性的鉴别

目的：探讨2D-CDFI对软组织肿物良恶性的鉴别诊断和意义。方法：对51例软组织肿物行2D-CDFI检查，观察肿物发生部位、数量、大小、形态、声像图特征，并分别记录肿物周边、内部血流情况及血流参数。结果：51例中良性44例，恶性7例。良性肿瘤形态规则，边界多清晰，内部回声均匀，CDFI示周边及内部多元血流信号。恶性肿瘤形态不规则，边界多不清晰，内部回声不均匀，CDFI示周边及内部丰富血流信号，且多数为高速高阻的动脉血流频谱。结论：2D CDFI对软组织肿物良恶性的鉴别诊断有一定的特征性。     

中药材“辨状论质”解读及商品规格标准研究思路

通过解读药材“辨状论质”的含义并对其相关研究进行综述,分析中药材商品规格标准的现状和存在问题,提出药材“辨状论质”科学内涵的研究思路,对药材商品规格标准研究提出建议。目的是通过药材“辨状论质”研究规范商品规格标准,实现优质优价,保护优质中药材资源。     

李德新教授临证经验总结

作者通过分析李德新教授临证的辨证论治及临床经验,总结出李德新教授的诊疗特点:1)厘清病症本质,强调中医辨证;2)用药功专,处方精炼;3)注重中药炮制,减毒增强疗效;4)诸病善从脾胃论治;5)中医功底深厚,注重审察舌脉。以期望同道能从中得到启发。     

肝脏超声衰减特性研究(二)——体内超声衰减系数测定对肝脏疾病诊断价值

本文采用 Kx-l 型体内超声衰减仪对正常和病变肝脏进行肝衰减特性研宄。结果表明脂肪肝衰减系数明显升高,瘀血时则明显下降;发现肝硬化患者肝衰减系数的变化与门静脉高压有明显关系。资料还表明体内衰减系数测定对区别肝内占位性病变如肝血管瘤、原发性肝癌和肝内结石等也有重要意义。     

医药宝库,发掘提高——祝《中医学报》承先启后,改革创新

目的:探讨主诉辨治法、微观辩证学与中医药现代化的关系.方法:通过分析主诉辨治法之主诉与四诊司外揣内的写形,并举慢性疲劳综合征为例,阐述微观辩证学的发展对中医药现代化的促进作用.结果与结论:微观辨证及其学科群的崛起,集中医、西医学科精华之大成,汇千家之言而成一学,促进中医药学现代化的科学发展与创新.     

历代本草何首乌图考及其“辨状论质”观

何首乌作为药物,始载于宋代《开宝本草》,为传统的补益类药材。近年来,何首乌的肝毒性引起了国内外学者的高度关注。该文对历代本草著作中的何首乌药图进行了考证,并对影响何首乌的品质及毒性因素进行了本草学考察。历代本草中收载的何首乌图基本上均为蓼科植物何首乌Polygonum multiflorum,仅《太乙仙制本草药性大全》和《圖解本草》中的附图可能分别为蓼科植物翼蓼Pteroxygonum giraldii和薯蓣科植物黄独Dioscorea bulbifera。历代本草著作中何首乌图与萝藦科鹅绒藤属植物相差甚远。唐代《何首乌传》中已经注意到何首乌块根中的异常维管束,该特征被历代本草所沿承,这也是推断其基原为蓼科植物何首乌的证据之一。历代本草中对异常维管束性状的描述逐渐形成了"云锦花纹"这一术语,并认为"五瓣者良"。此外,古代医药学家已经注意到不同性状的何首乌存在毒性有无之别,即"体润而嫩大者佳""老硬多筋,服之塞血"。该文梳理了历代本草中何首乌种质及其"辨状论质"观,为开展何首乌质量评价研究提供了本草学依据。     

Burns as a consequence of child maltreatment

Over 25,000 children a year attend emergency departments in the UK with burns. Scalds predominate, with infants aged one year being 10 times more likely to sustain a burn than any other age group. Identifying which burns result from abuse or neglect is challenging, but inflicted injuries are more likely to have certain characteristics and differences in the causative agent, mechanism and pattern of burns have been observed in children with non-accidental burn injuries. Children have been subjected to every type of burn as a consequence of abuse including scalds, contact, caustic, flame and radiation burns, thus careful scrutiny of all burns cases for possible maltreatment is warranted. Whilst neglectful burns outnumber inflicted burns by 9:1, these are most challenging to discern. A detailed history is vital to determine whether the burn pattern is consistent with the child's developmental stage, and the agent and mechanism offered, in addition to evaluating supervision, and previous or co-existent injuries. Social features such as domestic violence in the home or being previously known to social services are also key indicators. If abuse is suspected, full investigations including skeletal survey in those aged less than 2 years is required, consideration of cranial neuro-imaging in younger infants and possible scene assessment.     

Ethnopharmacological studies on antispasmodic and antiplatelet activities of Ficus carica

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: The ripe dried fruit of Ficus carica Linn. (Moraceae) commonly known as "Fig" has medicinal value in traditional system of medicine for its use in gastrointestinal and inflammatory disorders. AIM OF THE STUDY: To rationalize the medicinal use of Fig (Ficus carica) in gastrointestinal and inflammatory disorders. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The aqueous-ethanolic extract of Ficus carica (Fc.Cr) was studied for antispasmodic effect on the isolated rabbit jejunum preparations and for antiplatelet effect using ex vivo model of human platelets. RESULTS: Fc.Cr tested positive for alkaloids, flavonoids, coumarins, saponins, sterols and terpenes. When tested in isolated rabbit jejunum, Fc.Cr (0.1-3.0mg/mL) produced relaxation of spontaneous and low K(+) (25mM)-induced contractions with negligible effect on high K(+) (80mM) similar to that caused by cromakalim. Pretreatment of the tissue with glibenclamide caused rightward shift in the curves of low K(+)-induced contractions. Similarly, cromakalim inhibited the contractions induced by low K(+), but not of high K(+), while verapamil equally inhibited the contractions of K(+) at both concentrations. Fc.Cr (0.6 and 0.12mg/mL) inhibited the adenosine 5'-diphosphate and adrenaline-induced human platelet aggregation. CONCLUSION: This study showed the presence of spasmolytic activity in the ripe dried fruit of Ficus carica possibly mediated through the activation of K(+)(ATP) channels along with antiplatelet activity which provides sound pharmacological basis for its medicinal use in the gut motility and inflammatory disorders.     

4种杀虫剂对淡色库蚊的抗性测定研究

目的了解盐城市淡色库蚊对4种常用卫生杀虫剂的抗性现状。方法区分剂量法。结果盐城地区敌敌畏抗性均处于高抗水平;氯菊酯、氯氰菊酯除建湖外均处于低抗、敏感水平;溴氰菊酯抗性呈现不一致性,市区明显高于下辖各县(市)。结论射阳、东台、市区经过长期的化学防制,蚊虫对敌敌畏、溴氰菊酯产生了明显的抗性,因此这些地区在进行蚊虫化学防制时应换用其他类型的杀虫剂。