Mucosal bromodomain-containing protein 4 mediates aeroallergen-induced inflammation and remodeling

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Mast cell corticotropin-releasing factor subtype 2 suppresses mast cell degranulation and limits the severity of anaphylaxis and stress-induced intestinal permeability

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针对S基因的siRNA或shRNA表达框对HepG2.2.15细胞中HBV基因表达和病毒复制的抑制作用比较

目的 化学合成针对乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）S基因的siRNA，同时制备针对相同区段的shRNA表达框，并比较二者对HepG2．2．15细胞中HBV基因表达和病毒复制的抑制作用。方法 化学合成针对HBVS基因的带有FITC标记的siRNA，设计合成带有FTrc标记的引物，PCR扩增含有RNA聚合酶Ⅲ启动子H1序列和shRNA编码序列的表达框，并对扩增产物进行纯化，将等摩尔数siRNA和shRNA表达框分别用脂质体转染稳定表达HBV的HepG2．2．15细胞，转染1d后流式细胞仪检测转染效率，转染3d后RT-PCR检测靶基因mRNA的水平，用SDS-PAGE、Westem blot及间接免疫荧光染色检测HBsAg的表达。收集转染前和转染后1、3、5和7d的细胞培养上清，检测HBsAg水平，同时用荧光定量PCR方法检测HBV　DNA的含量。结果成功制备了针对HBVS基因的shRNA表达框，将其与等摩尔数siRNA分别转染HepG2．2．15细胞后，RT-PCR证实细胞中HBV　mRNA水平降低，SDS-PAGE、Westem blot及间接免疫荧光染色检测到HBsAg的表达受到抑制，细胞培养上清中HBsAg和HBV DNA含量下降。与siRNA相比，shRNA表达框对HBV的抑制作用虽然起效较慢，但持续时间更长。结论shRNA表达框和siRNA均可明显抑制HBV的转录和表达，与siRNA相比，shRNA表达框能够更持久地抑制靶基因的表达。     

抑制聚ADP核糖聚合酶1活性的短发夹RNA载体构建

目的构建抑制人聚ADP核糖聚合酶1(hPARP1)活性的短发夹RNA(shorthairpinRNA,shRNA)表达载体。方法化学合成2对编码短发夹RNA序列的、靶向hPARP1基因的寡核苷酸,各69对碱基,退火,然后利用BamHⅡ及EcoRⅠ与pSIRENRetroQ载体连接。用EcoRⅠ及BglⅡ切取其中U6启动子及下游的shRNA部分,与pEGFPC1载体重组构建pEGFPC1shRNA载体。结果重组构建的pEGFPC1P1、pEGFPC1P2、pEGFPC1N载体经双酶切电泳分析及插入基因片段序列分析,结果表明330个碱基成功插入到预计位点。结论载体的成功构建,为进一步研究聚ADP核糖聚合酶在DNA修复过程中的功能打下基础。     

阻断细胞信号传导子和转录激活子6基因表达对人结肠癌细胞凋亡的影响

目的 探讨细胞信号传导子和转录激活子6（STAT）信号传导通路与结肠癌细胞凋亡的关系。方法构建4个STAT6特异的shRNA质粒载体，应用阳离子脂质体瞬时转染人结肠癌细胞HT-29，以阻断Stat6信号通路；分别用逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）方法检测STAT6 mRNA表达和运用流式细胞术检测磷酸化STAT6蛋白（pSTAT6）表达来筛选有效的小发夹RNA（shRNA）；运用流式细胞术分析细胞凋亡变化；RT-PCR和Western印迹观察Bcl-2和Bax基因表达。结果成功构建并筛选出两个STAT6特异的shRNA质粒载体；STAT6基因沉默的结肠癌细胞中凋亡细胞明显增加，空白对照组细胞早期凋亡率为0．4％，pshRNA-STAT6-1组和pshRNA-STAT6-4组分别为13．0％和8．8％（P〈0．05）；Stat6信号通路被阻断的结肠癌细胞中Bcl-2基因表达明显减少，而Bax蛋白基因表达明显增多（P〈0．01）。结论Stat6信号传导通路能抑制结肠癌细胞凋亡，可能是通过调节Bcl-2和Bax基因的表达发挥作用。     

Safety assessment of food and feed from biotechnology-derived crops employing RNA-mediated gene regulation to achieve desired traits: A scientific review

Gene expression can be modulated in plants to produce desired traits through agricultural biotechnology. Currently, biotechnology-derived crops are compared to their conventional counterparts, with safety assessments conducted on the genetic modification and the intended and unintended differences. This review proposes that this comparative safety assessment paradigm is appropriate for plants modified to express mediators of RNA-mediated gene regulation, including RNA interference (RNAi), a gene suppression mechanism that naturally occurs in plants and animals. The molecular mediators of RNAi, including long double-stranded RNAs (dsRNA), small interfering RNAs (siRNA), and microRNAs (miRNA), occur naturally in foods; therefore, there is an extensive history of safe consumption. Systemic exposure following consumption of plants containing dsRNAs that mediate RNAi is limited in higher organisms by extensive degradation of ingested nucleic acids and by biological barriers to uptake and efficacy of exogenous nucleic acids. A number of mammalian RNAi studies support the concept that a large margin of safety will exist for any small fraction of RNAs that might be absorbed following consumption of foods from biotechnology-derived plants that employ RNA-mediated gene regulation. Food and feed derived from these crops utilizing RNA-based mechanisms is therefore expected to be as safe as food and feed derived through conventional plant breeding.     

A Novel KCNJ13 Nonsense Mutation and Loss of Kir7.1 Channel Function Causes Leber Congenital Amaurosis (LCA16)

Mutations in the KCNJ13 gene that encodes the inwardly rectifying potassium channel Kir7.1 cause snowflake vitreoretinal degeneration (SVD) and leber congenital amaurosis (LCA). Kir7.1 controls the microenvironment between the photoreceptors and the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and also contributes to the function of other organs such as uterus and brain. Heterologous expressions of the mutant channel have suggested a dominant‐negative loss of Kir7.1 function in SVD, but parallel studies in LCA16 have been lacking. Herein, we report the identification of a novel nonsense mutation in the second exon of the KCNJ13 gene that leads to a premature stop codon in association with LCA16. We have determined that the mutation results in a severe truncation of the Kir7.1 C‐terminus, alters protein localization, and disrupts potassium currents. Coexpression of the mutant and wild‐type channel has no negative influence on the wild‐type channel function, consistent with the normal clinical phenotype of carrier individuals. By suppressing Kir7.1 function in mice, we were able to reproduce the severe LCA electroretinogram phenotype. Thus, we have extended the observation that Kir7.1 mutations are associated with vision disorders to include novel insights into the molecular mechanism of disease pathobiology in LCA16.     

S100PshRNA慢病毒载体的构建及其对胃癌MGC-803细胞生物学行为的影响

目的：：构建针对S100P基因的shRNA慢病毒载体,并在胃癌MGC-803细胞上鉴定沉默效率,观察其对细胞生物学行为的影响。方法：筛选的S100P基因特异性siRNA靶点,合成短发卡结构shRNA,并与GV115-GFP慢病毒载体重组形成shRNA表达载体,与pHelper 1.0和pHelper 2.0质粒共转染293T细胞,产生慢病毒。用病毒感染MGC-803细胞,RT-PCR和Western blot检测靶基因的沉默效率、克隆形成情况、细胞周期变化和凋亡实验观察靶基因沉默对MGC-803的影响。结果：构建的重组shRNA慢病毒载体,经293T细胞包装获得病毒颗粒,和阴性对照相比,慢病毒感染组S100 P mRNA表达下降了83.4%,蛋白表达也明显受到抑制。 S100 P沉默后MGC-803的克隆形成能力明显减弱,细胞周期发生S期阻滞,细胞凋亡明显增加。结论：成功地构建了S100P基因shRNA慢病毒表达载体,该载体能够在MGC-803细胞中沉默S100P基因的表达,导致胃癌细胞克隆形成能力降低,细胞周期阻滞,诱导细胞凋亡,表明S100 P基因有可能具有影响胃癌发生发展的作用。