兰州市3～6岁儿童微量元素与生长发育相关性研究

目的分析兰州市3～6岁儿童体内钙、铁、锌、镁、铜和铅的水平及其与相关疾病的关系。方法对388例儿童的血清钙、铁、锌、镁、铜和铅进行检测,并测量其身高、体重、头围及胸围。结果兰州市城区3～6岁儿童的钙、镁、铜和铁水平与其他城市儿童相比处于中等水平,但是锌的缺乏率最高,达38.92%；铅中毒率为12.63%,其中3岁组儿童的铅中毒率最高,为28.57%。结论 3～6岁儿童正处于生长发育的关键时期,需要注意儿童的膳食结构,培养儿童的健康行为。微量元素的缺乏与部分临床疾病和症状有相关性,因此今后应重视儿童微量元素的检测工作。     

兰州地区慢性乙型肝炎患者外周血T淋巴细胞亚群与HBV DNA水平的相关性研究

目的通过分析不同病毒载量慢性乙型肝炎(CHB)患者和乙型肝炎病毒携带者(ASC)外周血T淋巴细胞各亚群变化的规律,探讨乙肝病毒复制水平对T淋巴细胞免疫功能的影响及其可能机制。方法选择兰州市第二人民医院2012年7~12月收治的CHB患者63例(CHB组),选取同期ASC患者112例(ASC组),健康体检者84例(对照组)。采用流式细胞仪检测三项分组血清中T淋巴细胞亚群水平,实时荧光定量法检测HBV DNA水平。结果 CHB组患者和ASC组患者外周血CD3+、CD4+及CD4+/CD8+水平均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);而CD8+水平则显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论兰州地区慢性HBV感染者T淋巴细胞亚群存在不同程度免疫调节异常和功能障碍。     

兰州汉族青少年骨强度指数特点及其影响因素分析

目的调查分析兰州汉族青少年跟骨骨强度指数(bone strength index,SI)变化规律,探讨其影响因素。方法采用超声骨密度仪和生物电阻抗分析仪测量662例(男345例,女317例)兰州汉族青少年SI及体重、体质量指数(body mass index,BMI)、去脂体重、脂肪量4项体成分指标,采用Pearson相关分析法和多元逐步回归法探讨SI的影响因素。结果总体来看,随年龄增加,兰州汉族青少年SI以及身高、体重、BMI、去脂体重、脂肪量5项指标均呈上升趋势。但是,不同性别以及不同年龄段各指标的增长速度存在差异,一般在17岁组或18岁组达到峰值,其中14岁左右为骨发育速度高峰。SI仅在总体上和13岁组存在性别差异且女性大于男性。SI与性别、年龄、身高、体重、BMI、去脂体重、脂肪量均呈正相关关系。而性别、年龄和BMI是SI的主要影响因素。结论兰州汉族青少年SI在不同性别和不同年龄段间变化规律不同,主要的影响因素为性别、年龄及BMI。     

兰州市城关区2008-2012年恶性肿瘤发病构成与流行趋势分析

目的 了解兰州市城关区居民恶性肿瘤的发病情况及其变化趋势,为制定肿瘤防治规划和开展重点人群综合防治工作提供科学依据.方法 依据甘肃省肿瘤登记处在具有诊断能力的医疗机构收集的恶性肿瘤报告卡,整理兰州市城关区2008年1月1日-2012年12月31日常住人口中恶性肿瘤的发病资料,统计分析恶性肿瘤发病例数、发病率、构成比、标化率及累积率等指标.结果 2008-2012年兰州市城关区恶性肿瘤发病率分别为193.30/10万、222.47/10万、208.89/10万、221.17/10万和249.24/10万;男性发病率波动于216.60/10万～283.36/10万之间,女性发病率波动于169.70/10万～215.63/10万之间,男女性发病率总体呈上升趋势.男性恶性肿瘤发病率和构成比明显高于女性;恶性肿瘤发病率呈随着年龄增长而逐渐上升的趋势;男女性别发病比为1.3∶1.恶性肿瘤发病居前10位的依次是肺癌、胃癌、结直肠癌、肝癌、乳腺癌、宫颈癌、食管癌、脑肿瘤、胆囊癌和膀胱癌.2009年膀胱癌位居肿瘤发病顺位的第7位,乳腺癌2012年位居肿瘤发病顺位的第4位.结论 兰州市城关区恶性肿瘤发病率呈逐年上升趋势,肺癌、胃癌、结直肠癌、肝癌和女性乳腺癌是兰州市城关区恶性肿瘤防治的重点.应早期开展健康促进干预,采取有针对性的防癌措施,降低恶性肿瘤的发病率,提高居民的健康水平和生活质量.     

兰州市社区独居老人意外伤害的知信行调查

[目的]了解兰州市社区独居老人意外伤害的知信行状况。[方法]结合文献资料编制意外伤害知信行调查表,并对326名兰州市社区独居老人进行问卷调查。[结果]兰州市社区独居老人获取相关知识的最主要途径为社区宣传(64.51%),调查对象中有58.64%认为只要对身体造成伤害就称为意外伤害,认为意外伤害类型是交通伤害(72.98%)、跌倒(71.29%)、触电(54.96%)、烧烫伤(52.78%)和中毒(51.85%)。有48.76%担心或很担心自己发生意外伤害,认为可能发生意外前5位是跌倒(71.60%)、交通伤害(45.37%)、烧烫伤(26.54%)、触电(16.04%)和中毒(13.89%)。被调查对象中存在意外伤害的危险因素较多,仅28.70%每次使用煤气后检查煤气阀门的关闭情况;39.20%每次服药前查看药品有效期;34.56%是按药品说明书保管家中药品;59.56%是按医嘱服药;78.08%过马路时看红绿灯。[结论]兰州市社区独居老人意外伤害知信行情况不容乐观,社区卫生服务机构应该着力提高他们对意外伤害认知水平,纠正错误态度和不良行为,从而降低意外伤害的发生。     

Progressive paradoxical sleep deprivation impairs partial memory following learning tasks in rats*★

BACKGROUND： Complex learning tasks result in a greater number of paradoxical sleep phases, which can improve memory. The effect of paradoxical sleep deprivation, induced by ＂flower pot＂ technique, on spatial reference memory and working memory require further research. OBJECTIVE： To observe the effect of progressive paradoxical sleep deprivation in rats, subsequent to learning, on memory using the Morris Water Maze. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： Controlled observation experiment. The experiment was performed at the Laboratory of Neurobiology, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University from December 2006 to October 2007. MATERIALS： Twenty-eight, male, Wistar rats, 3-4 months old, were provided by the Experimental Animal Center of Lanzhou University. The Morris Water Maze and behavioral analyses system was purchased from Genheart Company, Beijing, China. METHODS： All animals, according to a random digits table, were randomly divided into paradoxical sleep deprivation, tank control, and home cage control groups. Paradoxical sleep deprivation was induced by the ＂flower pot＂ technique for 72 hours, housing the rats on small platforms over water. Rats in the ＂tank control＂ and ＂home cage control＂ groups were housed either in a tank with large platforms over the water or in normal cages without paradoxical sleep deprivation. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Morris Water Maze was employed for task learning and spatial memory testing. Rats in all groups were placed at six random starting points each day for four consecutive days. Each placement was repeated for two trials; the first trial represented reference memory and the second working memory. Rats in the first trial were allowed to locate the submerged platform within 120 seconds. Data, including swimming distance, escape latency, swimming velocity, percentage of time in correct quarter, and memory scores were recorded and analyzed automatically by behavioral analyses systems for Morris Water Ma     

兰州市控烟现状调查分析

目的了解甘肃省兰州市公共场所的烟草流行和控烟状况,为全市无烟环境创建及出台地方性控烟法规提供数据支持和科学依据。方法分层随机抽取兰州市城区和郊区医疗卫生机构、教育机构、政府/疾控机构、交通场所和交通工具共128家(辆),通过问卷调查、人群抽样调查和PM2.5浓度监测。结果我市总的吸烟率为34.4%,非吸烟者每周二手烟暴露率为68.8%;用烟待客和把烟作为礼物送人所占比例较高。结论兰州市吸烟率和二手烟暴露率均高于全国总体水平(GATS城市调查数据);在过去一年内用烟待客∕用烟作为礼物的比例较高,不良生活习惯严重;公众对在公共交通工具、学校和医院禁止吸烟措施支持度比例最高,因此,我市在保护市民健康免受二手烟危害的措施上,必须要加强宣传,提高市民健康意识;在公共场所进行无烟环境创建;同时,要出台符合《烟草控制框架公约》的地方性无烟法律。     

兰州市大学生心理健康状况现状调查

目的调查兰州市高校大学生心理健康状况,为心理健康教育提供参考。方法在兰州市高校分类分层随机抽取大学生1 500名进行测查。结果兰州市大学生中等以上程度的心理障碍者占21.76%,心理健康水平低于常模。男生好于女生,差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.95,P0.05);非农村学生好于农村学生(χ2=6.98,P0.05)、低年级学生好于高年级学生(χ2=3.98,P0.05)差异均有统计学意义。结论兰州市大学生心理健康状况水平较低,应有针对性地开展大学生心理健康干预、辅导和教育。     

甘肃兰州地区491例双能X线骨密度测定分析

目的 了解兰州地区正常人群腰椎，髋部骨密度（BMD）的年龄变化规律，为当地骨质疏松诊断提供科学依据。方法 2000年9月－2002年7月，采用法国DMS公司生产的Challenger双能量X线骨密度仪（DEXA）测量年龄在20－89岁之间的491例正常人L2－L4椎体前后位和左髋部BMD，获得的数据录入SPSS软件数据库，并进行有关统计分析。结果 男女两性BMD在30岁左右达到峰值，约在40岁左右开始减低，其中女性在50岁后下降速度加快，但男性腰椎BMD随年龄的增高下降并不明显。结论 BMD达峰值后随年龄增加而减低，但在男性腰椎这一趋势并不明显。     

Inhibition of PRRX2 suppressed colon cancer liver metastasis via inactivation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway

The aim of this study was to investigate whether PRRX2 may regulate the liver metastasis of colon cancer via the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. PRRX2 and β-catenin in patients with the liver metastases of colon cancer was detected by immunochemistry. Colon cancer cells (CT-26 and CMT93) were divided into Normal, si-Ctrl, si-PRRX2 and si-PRRX2 +LiCl groups. Cell invasive and migrating abilities and the related proteins were detected. Liver-metastatic mice model was constructed consisting of Normal, NC shRNA and PRRX2 shRNA groups to examine the function of PRRX2 shRNA on liver metastasis. We found that PRRX2 and β-catenin positive rate was elevated in colon cancer tissues, especially in those tissues with liver metastasis, and there was a close relation between PRRX2 and the clinical staging, lymph node metastasis and numbers of liver metastases of colon cancer patients with liver metastasis. In vitro, the invasive and migrating abilities of CT-26 and CMT93 cells decreased apparently in the si-PRRX2 group, with down-regulation of PRRX2, p-GSK3β^Ser9/GSK3β, nucleus and cytoplasm β-catenin, TCF4 and Vimentin but up-regulation of E-cadherin. However, LiCl, the Wnt/β-catenin pathway activator, can reverse the inhibitory effect of si-PRRX2 on invasive and migrating ability of colon cancer cells. In vivo, the volume and weight of transplanted tumor and the number of liver metastases in the PRRX2 shRNA group were significantly reduced, with the similar protein expression patterns as in vitro. In a word, PRRX2 inhibition may reduce invasive and migrating abilities to hinder epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and suppress colon cancer liver metastasis through inactivation of Wnt/β-catenin pathway.