新疆维吾尔族、汉族抗结核药物性肝损伤患者IL-10分泌水平的研究

目的 探讨汉族、维吾尔族抗结核药物诱导的肝损伤（ATDLI）患者IL-10分泌量，比较两民族之间存在的差异。方法 选取新疆维吾尔自治区胸科医院、石河子大学医学院第一附属医院确诊的ATDLI患者。采用双抗体夹心ELISA测定患者IL-10的分泌量。比较两个民族以及两个民族不同性别、不同肝损伤程度的患者血清IL-10的表达量。结果 共收集ATDLI汉族组患者100例，维吾尔族组患者135例。维吾尔族组ATDLI患者IL-10分泌量[（56.30±17.24）pg/mL]高于汉族组[（45.81±11.04）pg/mL]，差异有统计学意义（P<0.0001）。汉族轻度、中度及重度肝损伤组患者血清IL-10水平分别为（44.73±9.10）、（47.39±10.58）、（49.52±13.21）pg/mL；维吾尔族轻度、中度及重度肝损伤组患者血清IL-10水平分别为（52.30±15.24）、（56.84±13.71）、（58.62±14.38）pg/mL。组间比较显示，IL-10的分泌量汉族、维吾尔族中重度肝损伤组患者均高于轻度肝损伤组患者（均P<0.05）。结论 ATDLI患者IL-10分泌量随肝损伤程度的加重而升高。ATDLI患者IL-10分泌量维吾尔族高于汉族。     

CD44基因多态性与宫颈癌及非小细胞肺癌的相关性

背景与目的：CD44分子是众多肿瘤细胞的标志分子，其表达水平与肿瘤细胞的恶性程度有关。该研究探讨CD44基因中的单核苷酸多态性（single nucleotide polymorphism，SNP）位点与云南汉族人群宫颈癌和非小细胞肺癌（nonsmall cell lung cancer，NSCLC）易感性的相关性。方法：选取了CD44基因中的两个SNP位点rs13347和rs8193，采用TagMan基因分型的方法，分析这两个多态性位点在497例宫颈癌患者和500例健康对照个体以及483例NSCLC患者和471例健康对照个体中的分布特征，并分析CD44基因中的多态性位点与云南汉族人群宫颈癌和NSCLC的相关性。结果：rs13347和rs8193位点等位基因和基因型在宫颈癌组和对照组中的分布频率的差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。而在NSCLC组和对照组的比较中：rs13347和rs8193位点等位基因在NSCLC组和对照组中的分布频率的差异有统计学意义（P=0.020和P=0.004）；这两个位点基因型在NSCLC组和对照组中分布频率的差异有统计学意义（P=0.027和P=0.020）；其中rs13347位点等位基因C在NSCLC组中的分布频率显著高于对照组，可能是NSCLC发生的风险因素（OR=1.250，95% CI：1.035～1.509），rs8193位点等位基因C在对照组中的分布频率显著高于NSCLC组，可能是NSCLC发生的保护性因素（OR=0.768，95%CI：0.641～0.921）。单倍型分析结果显示，rs13347C-rs8193T和rs13347T-rs8193C在NSCLC组和对照组中的分布频率差异有统计学意义（P=0.003和0.022）；该结果说明单倍型rs13347C-rs8193T可能是云南汉族人群NSCLC发生的风险性因素（OR=1.316，95%CI：1.096～1.579）。结论：CD44基因中的两个SNP位点rs13347和rs8193可能与云南汉族人群宫颈癌发病风险无关，而可能与云南汉族人群NSCLC具有相关性。     

The Gene Polymorphism of VMAT2 Is Associated with Risk of Schizophrenia in Male Han Chinese

ObjectiveTo investigate the association between gene polymorphism of vesicular monoamine transporter type 2(VMAT2) and schizophrenia in Han Chinese population. Methods430 patients with schizophrenia and 470 age-sex matched controls were recruited from four mental health centers. All patients were diagnosed by two psychiatrists based on the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM Disorders (SCID). The ligase detection reactions (LDR) method was used to assess the polymorphism of the two SNPs (rs363371 and rs363324) of VMAT2. ResultsNo associations of two SNPs with schizophrenia was found. When we stratified males and females for the analysis, we found that that in the recessive model of rs363371, there was an obvious significant association between rs363371 and schizophrenia in males (OR=0.564, 95% CI=0.357–0.892, p=0.014) but not females. For the association between rs363324 and schizophrenia, no association was found in either males or females. No association was found when stratifying early-onset schizophrenia and late-onset schizophrenia. ConclusionOur findings indicate that both rs363371 and rs363324 were not associated with schizophrenia, while it seemed that the AA genotype of rs363371 plays a protective effect in male Chinese in developing schizophrenia.     

汉族人拉莫三嗪相关过敏反应与HLA-B*1502的相关性

目的研究在汉族人中拉莫三嗪相关过敏反应是否与HLA-B*1502有相关性。方法对在郑州人民医院诊断为癫痫的患者在服用拉莫三嗪前进行HLA-B*1502测定,将服用拉莫三嗪12周后出现过敏反应者作为实验组,未出现过敏反应者作为对照组1,服用其他非芳香族抗癫痫药物出现过敏反应者为对照组2,检测对照组2的HLA-B*1502阳性率,对3组间HLA-B*1502的阳性率进行比较。结果实验组HLA-B*1502的阳性率为41.86%,对照组1为14.02%,对照组2为13.33%.实验组阳性率高于对照组1(χ2=13.86,P<0.05)及对照组2(χ2=6.83,P=0.009),对照组1与对照组2比较差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.009,P=0.924)。结论HLA-B*1502可能与汉族人拉莫三嗪相关过敏反应相关。     

基于仝小林院士脏腑风湿理论探讨新型冠状病毒肺炎康复期的中药治疗

仝小林院士将新型冠状病毒肺炎定名为"寒湿疫"，并以此理论为基础制定了初期、中期、重症期及恢复期的中医治疗方案，同时基于仝院士学术理论体系中的"脏腑风湿"理论，根据恢复期 "余毒未清，正虚邪恋"的病机特点，探讨其符合具备脏腑风湿行成3个基本要素：即外受寒湿裹挟戾气为必要外因；脏腑内虚为重要基础；邪疫伏留胶着，正邪交争为致病关键。故在辨证施治中可应用脏腑风湿理论以调理脾胃，化湿透邪，补益肺脾，顾护阳气，养阴生津。     

Development of the decision tree model for distinguishing individuals of Chinese four surnames from Zhanjiang Han population based on Y-STR haplotypes

Co-separation studies between surnames and Y chromosome genetic markers are beneficial to revealing population migrations, surname origins, population formation histories and forensic familial searching. Genetic distributions of 27 Y-STRs in Chinese four surnames (Li, Lin, Chen and Huang) from Zhanjiang Han population were investigated. Meanwhile, we tried to develop a decision tree model for surname predictions based on Y-STR haplotypes. Allelic frequencies of 27 Y-STRs showed that unique alleles were only observed in a certain surname; besides, some alleles displayed higher frequencies in a certain surname than those in other surnames, implying these alleles might be employed as the useful indicators for surname predictions. Haplotype match probability values of 27 Y-STRs in these surnames revealed that the system could be used as a valuable tool for forensic male identification. The developed decision tree model performed well for the training set with the accuracy of 0.9860 and obtained the relatively high accuracy (>0.70) for surname predictions of the testing set. To sum up, we explored the power of the machine learning to the surname predictions based on obtained Y-STR haplotypes, which showed promising application values in forensic familial searching.     

兰州汉族青少年骨强度指数特点及其影响因素分析

目的调查分析兰州汉族青少年跟骨骨强度指数(bone strength index,SI)变化规律,探讨其影响因素。方法采用超声骨密度仪和生物电阻抗分析仪测量662例(男345例,女317例)兰州汉族青少年SI及体重、体质量指数(body mass index,BMI)、去脂体重、脂肪量4项体成分指标,采用Pearson相关分析法和多元逐步回归法探讨SI的影响因素。结果总体来看,随年龄增加,兰州汉族青少年SI以及身高、体重、BMI、去脂体重、脂肪量5项指标均呈上升趋势。但是,不同性别以及不同年龄段各指标的增长速度存在差异,一般在17岁组或18岁组达到峰值,其中14岁左右为骨发育速度高峰。SI仅在总体上和13岁组存在性别差异且女性大于男性。SI与性别、年龄、身高、体重、BMI、去脂体重、脂肪量均呈正相关关系。而性别、年龄和BMI是SI的主要影响因素。结论兰州汉族青少年SI在不同性别和不同年龄段间变化规律不同,主要的影响因素为性别、年龄及BMI。     

韩延华诊治外阴白斑经验

韩延华教授认为外阴白斑病机:一为肝肾不足,或年老体衰,精血亏损;或久病不愈,阴血不足而致肝肾阴虚,肝脉过阴器,肾司二阴,肝肾阴虚,精血亏少,冲任血虚阴部肌肤失养,阴虚生风化燥,风动则痒。二为肝经湿热,郁怒伤肝,肝郁化热,肝气犯脾,脾虚湿盛以致湿热互结,而发痒痛。韩延华教授以补益肝肾,清热祛湿止痒为治疗原则,自拟方药"外阴白斑洗方"中药熏洗坐浴,配合局部外抹重组人干扰素α-2b凝胶与口服育阴丸或妇科养荣胶囊,临床效果满意。     

浅析《伤寒论》对桂枝的应用

桂枝在《伤寒论》中使用广泛,其功效的发挥与剂量、配伍及其比例有着密切关系。桂枝功效的核心是通阳化气,从剂量层次来看,随着桂枝在方剂中剂量的增大,其通阳化气的功效在逐步增强,而在不同剂量层次上分别表现出来不同功效方向,小剂量表现为通阳助气化;中等剂量则表现为解肌疏风、调和营卫,调整阴阳;用至中重剂量,其温通之性更显,主要表现在温通心阳,温补脾阳,通络散寒而除痹症;重剂量使用则温化阴气,而平冲降逆。在看待桂枝在方中的作用时必须同时考虑配伍及比例,配伍可以影响桂枝功效的发挥,而同一配伍的比例调整也体现了中医调整阴阳、辨证论治的核心思想,桂枝功效发挥方向与剂量、配伍及比例关系密切,学习时当综合考虑,着眼于病机、方证、用药,全面把握。