The Transmission of Trauma from Mother to Infant: Radioactive Residues and Counter-Transference in the Case of a Haitian Mother and Her Two-Year-Old Son*

ABSTRACT

Close observation of the interactions between a traumatised mother and her infant son provides information on the modes of transmission of psychic trauma in the mother–infant dyad. Following the presentation of a current literature review on the theme, the subject of “radioactive residue” and counter-transference in the transmission of psychic trauma from mother to infant will be illustrated through a clinical case study that focuses on a Haitian mother and her two-year-old infant son who has been referred to a “transitional care nursery” in urban Paris. The encounter with this mother–infant dyad is analysed through observing the quality of the interactions that take place between the mother and infant in order to determine how a particularly traumatic narrative impacts the mother–infant relationship, in addition to relations with the clinician. Mother and infant respond to one another through the emission and reception of “radioactive residues” as hypothesized by Gampel. This clinical case study shows that there is a need to consider transcultural factors and collective experience and history when analysing traumatic events. Additionally, the case study shows that counter-transference can be an effective clinical tool for gaining access to an infant's experience as the recipient of a traumatic narrative.     

Cumulative risk assessment of the exposure to pyrethroids through fruits consumption in China – Based on a 3-year investigation

In the present study, the long-term and short-term cumulative risks of pyrethroids exposured for the Chinese general population and children through fruits consumption were evaluated. A total of 1450 fruit samples and seven pyrethroids were included based on the pesticide residues monitoring programme of China from 2013 to 2015. The exposure was estimated using both deterministic approach and semi-probabilistic model for comparison. The hazard index approach was used to assess cumulative risk. 26% of samples contained pyrethroid residues with concentrations ranged from 0.0050 mg/kg to 1.2 mg/kg, of which 30% simultaneously with 2–4 mixture residues. Results demonstrated that the cumulative health risks were extremely low for both general population and children (1–6 years old) of China in the long term. Acute risk estimations calculated by deterministic method were several or many times overestimated than the results based on semi-probabilistic method. Acute cumulative exposure of children to pyrethroid compounds in 0.76% samples were exceeded 1 in worst case scenario. More detailed assessments with adequate data in the future use probabilistic method is expected to reduce the uncertainties of cumulative dietary exposure.     

环孢菌素A菌渣无害化减量化技术研究

目的 采用嗜热微生物处理环孢菌素菌渣，实现环孢菌素生产过程中的菌渣减量排放。方法 将培养好的厌氧芽孢杆菌(Anoxybacillus mongoliensis SIIA-1501a)、土芽孢杆菌(Geobacillus sp. SIIA-1501g)和极端嗜热菌(Calditerricola yamamurae SIIA-1501c)依次分期加入环孢菌素菌渣堆肥培养，使菌渣减量化，并使菌渣中的环孢菌素残留降低。结果 环孢菌素菌渣经过厌氧芽孢杆菌堆肥处理5~8d，嗜热地芽孢杆菌堆肥处理4~7d和极端嗜热菌堆肥处理4~6d，环孢菌素菌渣减量80%以上，废渣中环孢菌素残留去除率近99%。结论 采用三联菌处理环孢菌素菌渣，实现了无害化和减量化，废渣中环孢菌素残留基本去除，具备较好的环境效益和社会效益。     

ICP-MS法测定酒石酸长春瑞滨中有害元素及催化剂银残留

目的：建立电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定酒石酸长春瑞滨中有害元素及催化剂银残留的方法。方法：用微波消解处理样品,电感耦合等离子体质谱内标法测定银、钒、铬、钴、镍、铜、砷、钼、镉、锡、锑、钡、铅、汞的含量。结果：上述14种元素的方法检出限分别为0.003、0.020、0.141、0.069、0.077、0.362、0.031、0.057、0.022、0.078、0.017、0.724、0.095、0.005 ng·mL^-1,线性关系良好（r≥0.9988）,回收率为86%~110%,RSD小于15%;同时,给出了此方法各元素的不确定度评定程序。结论：本方法采用在线加内标,可有效校正仪器漂移,抑制基体干扰,提高准确率,多元素测定便捷、准确、灵敏、可靠,可用于酒石酸长春瑞滨中有害元素及催化剂银残留的测定。     

甘草渣化学成分及其综合利用的研究

查阅甘草渣已有的现代研究,归纳其主要化学成分的提取方法、分离鉴定、药理作用及应用,指出甘草渣中富含黄酮类、多糖类及木质纤维素等,其综合利用涉及燃料、禽畜饲料及添加剂、食用菌栽培、培养基质、有机肥和食品包装等;对甘草渣化学成分及综合利用进行研究具有一定的现实意义及可观的经济效益,其广阔的应用前景对可持续发展意义重大。     

胆总管切开取石术后结石的残留情况及其影响因素

 目的 探讨经胆总管探查术后结石的残留情况及其影响因素。方法 收集2016年10月至2019年12月上海市徐汇区中心医院收治的134例因胆总管结石行开腹和腹腔镜下胆总管切开取石术患者的临床资料,进行描述分析和多元回归分析。结果 患者术后的结石残留率为29.9%;第一次手术取出胆总管结石>3枚者的结石残留率为42.9%,明显高于≤ 3枚者的结石残留率（15.6%）（χ²=11.40,P<0.05）;在控制手术方法、肝内胆管结石等因素后,结果显示胆总管结石数目>3枚仍与胆总管探查T管引流术后结石残留有关（P=0.001）,OR值由4.050升高至4.503。结论 胆总管探查术后结石残留可能与第一次术中取石超过3枚有关,胆总管探查中须加强胆道镜检查,并有效固定T管,对于术中取石数目超过3枚的患者行胆总管一期缝合须慎重。     

大黄产业化过程废弃物的资源价值发现与利用探讨

中药废弃物的循环再利用是当前中药资源产业化过程中亟待解决的重要研究课题。大黄作为我国传统大宗中药材,主要来源于掌叶大黄、唐古特大黄和药用大黄。目前,3种大黄均已实现规模化栽培,广泛应用于医药、保健、食品、化妆品和兽药等领域,年需求量达5 500余吨（1吨=1 000 kg）。然而,在生产及深加工过程中产生的大量非药用部位和药渣等废弃物,因无有效利用途径而废弃,造成了严重的资源浪费和环境污染。大黄非药用部位有类似于根及根茎的化学成分和药理作用,还富含多种氨基酸、矿物质元素和常规营养成分,且使用历史悠久,某些资源性成分含量较根及根茎高,尤其是大黄茎叶安全性高、药食用价值潜力巨大;大黄药渣蒽醌类成分含量较高,具良好的抗菌活性。可见,大黄产业化过程废弃物具有较高的利用价值。鉴于此,笔者在查阅国内外相关文献和产地应用调研的基础上,对大黄药用部位和非药用部位的利用状况进行总结,对其产业化过程废弃物的产生及其资源性物质和利用途径进行综述,并提出大黄废弃物多层次和多途径的资源化利用策略,以期为大黄资源的合理开发和应用提供参考,促进大黄废弃物的有效利用和绿色发展。     

Leveraging the Pre-DFG Residue Thr-406 To Obtain High Kinase Selectivity in an Aminopyrazole-Type PAK1 Inhibitor Series

相似文献   

甘草废渣中1个新的香豆素类化合物

目的研究甘草Glycyrrhiza uralensis废渣的化学成分。方法采用硅胶吸附柱色谱、Sephadex LH-20柱色谱、高效液相色谱等分离手段进行分离纯化,根据化合物的理化性质和波谱数据鉴定化合物的结构。结果从新疆产甘草废渣75%乙醇提取物中分离得到了5个化合物,分别鉴定为槐香豆素C(1)、3β-O-对羟基-反-肉桂酰-齐墩果酸(2)、3-羰基甘草次酸(3)、3β,18-O-异丙叉-8(14),15-异右松脂烷二烯(4)、3β,18-O-异丙叉-7,15-异右松脂烷二烯(5)。结论化合物1为新的香豆素类化合物,命名为槐香豆素C;化合物2、4、5为首次从该属植物中分离得到。