虚实结合的翻转课堂在解剖实验教学中的应用

目的评价虚实相结合的翻转课堂在系统解剖学实验教学中的应用。方法选取齐齐哈尔医学院2018级临床专业和医学影像学专业学生共107名,在系统解剖学实验课中,对某些章节采用部分翻转课堂的教学模式,对照章节则采用传统的教学方法。教学结束后进行考核,比较前后章节的课堂测验成绩,另外采用调查问卷,分析学生对两种教学方法的满意度。结果临床医学和医学影像学专业的学生第二次课堂测试的成绩均高于第一次课堂测试的成绩(P <0.01),同时学生对翻转课堂教学模式的满意度高于传统教学法。结论在系统解剖学实验教学中实行翻转课堂教学模式,同时讲解实物标本并应用数字人解剖学系统进行知识内化,不仅能提高学生的学习成绩,也能调动学生学习系统解剖学的热情,增加教学效果满意度,并为其他解剖学专业课的教学模式改革提供参考和借鉴。     

益肾通督电针疗法对女性创伤后应激障碍的临床观察

目的观察益肾通督电针疗法对于女性创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)的临床疗效。方法将65例女性PTSD患者随机分为电针治疗组和单纯西药对照组连续治疗2个月,在治疗前、后分别对患者的症状自评量表(SCL-90)、雌二醇、皮质醇等水平进行测定。结果治疗前、后评分总体上组间效应不显著(P <0. 05)、但电针组在SCL-90躯体化症状、焦虑评分较单纯西药对照组有明显改善(P <0. 05)。结论益肾通督电针疗法治疗女性PTSD患者的总体疗效与单纯西药对照组疗效大致相仿,电针疗法对于改善患者临床常见症状疗效确切且副作用小,价格相对低廉,患者依从性较好。     

p19在颌面部皮肤血管瘤不同时期的表达

目的：探讨p19在血管瘤发生、发展及退化过程中的表达状况及其意义.方法：采用免疫组织化学方法（SABC法）检测人皮肤血管瘤增生期、退化期及正常皮肤组织中p19的表达水平.利用计算机图像分析技术测量不同时期血管瘤组织和正常皮肤组织p19表达的积分光密度和面积.结果：增生期血管瘤内皮细胞p19表达水平低于退化期,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.结论：p19的表达水平与血管瘤的发生、发展与消退有关.     

抗毒化浊方对EB病毒感染后衣壳抗原IgA抗体和早期抗原-IgA抗体的影响

目的:观察抗毒化浊方对EB病毒(EBV)感染患者,EB病毒衣壳抗原IgA抗体(VCA-IgA)和早期抗原-IgA抗体(EA-IgA)的作用及对机体免疫炎症因子的影响。方法:将118例EBV抗体阳性患者随机采用数字表法按1∶2比例分为对照组37例和实验组81例。对照组采用抗毒化浊方安慰剂口服,实验组采用抗毒化浊方内服,两组疗程均为12周。检测治疗前后VCA-IgA和EA-IgA水平,检测治疗前后T淋巴细胞亚群和自然杀伤细胞(NK),肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α),白细胞介素-2(IL-2)和白细胞介素(IL-6)水平。结果:治疗后实验组VCA-IgA和EA-IgA水平均低于对照组(P0.01);治疗后实验组VCAIgA,EA-IgA阴转率分别为44.15%,41.33%,均高于对照组的19.35%,16.66%(P0.05);治疗后实验组CD3+,CD4+,CD4+/CD8+和NK水平均比治疗前上升,并高于对照组(P0.01);治疗后实验组TNF-α和IL-6水平低于对照组,IL-2高于对照组(P0.01)。结论:抗毒化浊方能降低EBV抗体阳性患者的VCA-IgA,EA-IgA水平,促使VCA-IgA,EA-IgA转阴,其机制可能是通过调节细胞因子,提高机体免疫功能来实现的。     

Nanostructured medical sutures with antibacterial properties

Bacterial repellence in suture materials is a desirable property that can potentially improve the healing process by preventing infection. We describe a method for generating nanostructures at the surface of commercial sutures of different composition, and their potential for preventing biofilm formation. We show how bacteria attachment is altered in the presence of nanosized topographies and identify optimum designs for preventing it without compromising biocompatibility and applicability in terms of nanostructure robustness or tissue friction. These studies open new possibilities for flexible and cost-effective realization of topography-based antibacterial coatings for absorbable biomedical textiles.     

右美托咪定对糖尿病患者经尿道前列腺等离子电切术的影响

目的观察右美托咪定对糖尿病患者行前列腺等离子电切术(TURP)术中血糖的影响。方法选择2018年5月—2019年5月该院收治的60例椎管内麻醉TURP术患者,年龄65~75岁,ASAⅠ~Ⅱ级,随机分为对照组与观察组,各30例。观察组给予负荷剂量0.3μg/kg右美托咪定静脉泵注(15 min),后给予维持剂0.2μg/(kg·h)至手术结束。对照组同样方式给予等容量生理盐水。记录麻醉前(T0)、手术开始(T1)、手术后30 min(T2)、手术结束(T3)时患者静脉血糖的变化。结果观察组患者用药后与对照组相比,观察组患者血糖波动性较小;与观察组相比,对照组血糖值在T2、T3时间点与T0时间点相比持续上升,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论右美托咪定在糖尿病患者行TURP术中血糖水平更平稳,减少由于血糖变化带来的手术不便。     

内皮素对妊娠与分娩的影响

用放射免疫法测定81例妇女血浆及羊水内反素-1(ET-1)和前列腺素E_2(PGF_2)的含量,其中第二产程妇女20例、潜伏期14例、正常晚孕15例、期妊娠10例、产后期12例.正常非孕10例为对照组.结果第二产程、潜伏期、正常晓孕期、中期妊娠组血浆ET-1含量均显著高于非孕及产后期妇女,且随妊娠及产程的进展而逐渐增高,至第二产程达高峰,产后迅速降至非孕时水平.各孕产期羊水ET-1及PGE_2的含量显著高于血浆ET-1及PGE_2的含量.血浆及羊水PGE_2浓度随ET-1含量的增减而变化,两者呈显著正相关.提示血浆及羊水ET-1水平随妊娠的进展而增加,促使足月妊娠子宫产生收缩,ET-1还可通过刺激前列腺素E_2的生成而在分娩的发动与分娩的维持中起重要作用.     

姜黄素与丙酸酐不对称反应产物的合成

目的:合成姜黄素与丙酸酐的不对称反应产物——1-(4-丙酰氧基-3-甲氧基苯基)-7-(4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯基)-1,6-庚二烯-3,5-二酮(化合物1)。方法:以姜黄素和丙酸酐为原料,吡啶为催化剂,二氯甲烷/N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)为溶剂,进行不对称反应,经柱层析分离纯化,得目标化合物1,并进行核磁共振结构表征,以收率为指标,确定最佳反应条件(投料比、温度、时间、吡啶用量)。结果:制备得到了化合物1(收率:81.2%,纯度:99.0%),并经结构表征证实。化合物1的最佳反应条件是姜黄素与丙酸酐比为1∶1.5(m/m),反应温度为30Ⅸ,时间为30 min,吡啶用量为0.5%。结论:以确定的反应条件可得到目标化合物1。该工艺操作简便,收率和纯度高,可为姜黄素结构修饰的进一步研究提供参考。     

Prevalence analysis of different human bocavirus genotypes in pediatric patients revealed intra-genotype recombination

BackgroundHuman bocavirus (HBoV) genotypes 1–4 have been detected worldwide in respiratory samples and stool samples, and are increasingly associated with respiratory and intestinal infections of previously unknown etiology in young children. Several studies revealed evidence of extensive recombination among HBoV genotypes at the NP1 and VP1 gene boundary region. This study explored the prevalence of HBoV genotypes in pediatric patients in Beijing, and studied their phylogeny.MethodsA total of 4941 respiratory specimens and 1121 fecal specimens were collected from pediatric patients with respiratory infections from January 2006 to December 2013, or with acute diarrhea from October 2010 to December 2012. Conventional PCR was used to detect HBoV1–4 within these samples. Gene fragments at the NP1 and VP1 gene boundary were amplified from HBoV-positive specimens, sequenced, and their phylogenetic inferences constructed using MEGA 6.0 software. Recombination events were identified with SimPlot software.ResultsHuman bocavirus 1, 2, and 3 were detected in 9 (0.80%), 15 (1.33%), and 1 (0.08%) of 1121 stool samples, respectively. However, only HBoV1 (82, 1.65%) was detected in respiratory specimens. Phylogenetic analysis of gene fragments at the HBoV NP1 and VP1 gene boundary indicated that HBoV1 sequences obtained from fecal or respiratory specimens across 8 years were highly conserved (99–100%), while 15 HBoV2 sequences collected across 2 years in Beijing were more diverse with up to 4.40% variation. Of the 15 HBoV2 sequences, 14 clustered into a new lineage divergent from other HBoV2 sequences in GenBank. Five HBoV2 genomic sequences were analyzed for recombination, revealing intra-genotype recombination between HBoV2A and HBoV2B.ConclusionsMore HBoV1 were detected in children with respiratory tract diseases, and HBoV2 in patients with acute diarrhea. Phylogenetic analysis revealed a new cluster of HBoV2 was prevalent in China, which may be the result of intra-genotype recombination between HBoV2A and HBoV2B.