青岛泊子盐场放线菌多样性及其功能酶的筛选--测试文章

采用平板涂布法利用3种培养基从青岛即墨市田横镇泊子盐场盐池底泥样中共分离纯化出15株放线菌,对分离菌株进行16S rRNA基因测序分析。发现这15株放线菌分属于链霉菌属(Streptomyces)、拟诺卡氏菌属(Nocardiopsis)和1个新属,其中Streptomyces属为优势菌属;菌株CXB832与Nocardiopsis arabia DSM 45083^T和Haloactinospora albus DSM 45015^T最接近,同源性分别为95.4%和94.9%,根据其表型和分子特征可以初步判定该菌株为放线菌新属。培养基及培养温度对盐池环境中放线菌的分离效果均有影响,利用淀粉酪素培养基在37℃分离的放线菌种类和数量较多。在15株放线菌中,分别有12株、3株、2株和1株放线菌产淀粉酶、酯酶、蛋白酶和纤维素酶。     

A new diimide derivative from the co-culture broth of two mangrove fungi (strain no. E33 and K38)

A new diimide derivative, named ( ? )-byssochlamic acid bisdiimide (1), was isolated from the mixed broth of two mangrove fungi (strain no. K38 and E33) from the South China sea coast. The structure of 1 was determined by comprehensive spectroscopic methods, including 1D and 2D NMR (COSY, HMQC, and HMBC) and semi-synthesis. Primary bioassays showed that 1 had weak cytotoxic activity against Hep-2 and HepG2 cells.     

海洋微生物抗肿瘤活性物质的研究进展

海洋微生物因其特殊的生存环境而具有产生新型生物活性物质的巨大潜力,从海洋微生物中寻找和开发抗肿瘤药物是一个前途广阔的新领域。近年来,从海洋微生物（海洋放线菌、真菌和细菌）分离鉴定了许多结构新颖的抗肿瘤活性物质,这些化合物显示了良好的抗肿瘤生物活性。本文就近几年从海洋微生物中分离得到的抗肿瘤活性物质的研究进展作了综述。     

海洋来源放线菌Actinoalloteichus cyanogriseus WH1-2216-6 产浅蓝霉素A的发酵条件优化

目的 对海洋来源放线菌Actinoalloteichus cyanogriseus WH1-2216-6 产浅蓝霉素A的发酵条件进行优化,提高浅蓝霉素A的产量。方法 对培养基的组成、接种量、起始pH、盐度、发酵时间、前体浓度及大孔吸附树脂添加量等条件的研究,通过单因素和正交试验,选择最优发酵条件;结果 获得了浅蓝霉素A的最佳发酵条件,培养基组成(可溶性淀粉20 g,甘油20 g,蛋白胨20 g,CaCO₃2 g,2-吡啶甲酸400 mg,XAD-16大孔吸附树脂50 g,陈海水1 L)、装液量150/500 mL(体积分数)、5 d种龄、3.3%盐度、起始pH=7.5、摇床(180 r/min,28℃)发酵12 d。结论 以最佳发酵条件发酵,优化后的浅蓝霉素A的产量为优化前的7.0倍,达到610.5 mg/L。     

角果木根茎的石油醚部位化学成分研究

目的 对红树林植物角果木根茎的石油醚部分的化学成分进行分离鉴定。方法 运用硅胶柱色谱、凝胶柱色谱和HPLC制备液相色谱进行分离,确定了化合物的结构。结果 分离得到8个化合物,分别鉴定为tagalsin C（1）、tagalsin E（2）、tagalsin F（3）、tagalsin G（4）、tagalsin O（5）、tagalsin I（6）、tagalsin L（7）、tagalsin M（8）。化合物1～5为二萜类化合物,化合物6～8为四萜类化合物。结论 角果木根茎的石油醚部位的主要化学成分为萜类化合物。     

海南角果木中1个新的苯丙素类化合物

目的研究海南红树植物角果木Ceriops tagal醋酸乙酯部位的化学成分。方法采用溶剂法进行提取和萃取,通过多种柱色谱、重结晶及高效液相色谱等方法进行分离纯化;利用理化性质,并结合现代分析方法鉴定化合物的结构。结果从海南红树植物角果木醋酸乙酯部位分离得到8个化合物,分别鉴定为(E)-3-(5-羟基-2,3,4-三甲氧基苯基)丙烯酸甲酯(1)、3-(3-羟基-2,4,5-三甲氧基苯基)丙烯酸甲酯(2)、松柏醛(3)、2,3-二甲氧基-5-(1-丙烯基)苯酚(4)、丁香酸甲酯(5)、丁香醛(6)、银松素甲醚(7)、棕榈酸(8)。结论化合物1为新的苯丙素类化合物,命名为角果木苯丙素C,化合物4～8为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

Biotyping of aerobic actinomycetes by modified killer system

Forty-four yeasts belonging to the genera Pichia, Candida, Saccharomyces and Kluyveromyces were tested for their potential killer effect on 13 aerobic actinomycetes (6 Nocardia asteroides, 1 N. brasiliensis, 1 N. caviae and 5 Actinomadura madurae). Only a few yeast strains did not display any killer activity against the aerobic actinomycetes studied, thus confirming that the killer phenomenon is widespread among microorganisms. For epidemiological purposes, a killer system was developed. According to their susceptibility to the 9 killer yeasts chosen, it was possible to differentiate the Nocardia and Actinomadura isolates into biotypes. Fitting conditions of the killer system to potential sensitive microorganisms with different characteristics of growth are also discussed.     

Antimicrobial Activity of Acanthus ilicifolius (L.)

The antimicrobial activity of alcoholic, butanolic and chloroform extracts of leaves and roots of the plant Acanthus ilicifolius ware studied. Ampicillin and clotrimazole were used as standard antibacterial and antifungal agents respectively. The result of the study revealed that the alcoholic extract and chloroform extract of leaves exhibited strong inhibitory action against Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans, Aspergillus fumigatus and Aspergillus niger and moderate inhibitory action against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Proteus vulgaris. The rest of the extracts showed moderate activity.     

Scyphiphin D,a new iridoid glucoside dimer from Scyphiphora hydrophyllacea

From the aerial parts of Scyphiphora hydrophyllacea Gaertn. F., a new iridoid glucoside dimer scyphiphin D (1) and a known iridoid glucoside geniposidic acid (2) were isolated. The structure of this new compound was determined on the basis of HR-FAB-MS, IR, ¹H and ¹³C NMR (DEPT), and 2D NMR (HMQC, HMBC, COSY, ROESY) spectral data.     

(+)-Cyclopenol,a new naturally occurring 7-membered 2,5-dioxopiperazine alkaloid from the fungus Penicillium sclerotiorum endogenous with the Chinese mangrove Bruguiera gymnorrhiza

One new naturally occurring 7-membered 2,5-dioxopiperazine alkaloid named (+)-cyclopenol (1), along with nine known compounds including viridicatol (2), 3-(dimethylaminomethyl)-1-(1,1-dimethyl-2-propenyl)indole (3), anacine (4), aurantiomide C (5), viridicatin (6), 3-O-methylviridicatin (7), verrucosidin (8), ergosterol (9), and ergosterol peroxide (10), was isolated from the EtOAc extract of fungus Penicillium sclerotiorum, an endophytic fungal strain isolated from Chinese mangrove Bruguiera gymnorrhiza. The chemical structure of the new compound 1 was elucidated on the basis of detailed spectroscopic analysis. The absolute configuration of 1 was determined by single-crystal X-ray analysis with Cu Kα radiation (λ = 1.54178 Å). To our knowledge, (+)-cyclopenol (1) represents the first example of 7-membered 2,5-dioxopiperazine isolated from mangrove endophytic fungus.