Assessment of oral ciprofloxacin impaired gut barrier integrity on gut bacteria in mice

Gut bacteria and gut barrier plays important roles in body homeostasis. Ciprofloxacin (CPFX) is widely used to treat bacterial infections. However, whether high dosage of CPFX has side effects on gut barrier integrity is still unclear. Our results indicated that the High CPFX treatment (1 mg/ml) caused weight loss, nervousness, anorexia, and increased apoptosis cells in gut, but less influence was observed in the Low CPFX group (0.2 mg/ml). Meanwhile, the High CPFX treatment impaired tight junction molecules Ocln/ZO-1 level and down-regulated antibacterial genes expression (reg3γ, pla2g2α and defb1). Further, the High CPFX treatment increased pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1β in intestinal tract, decreased IL-17A of duodenum but increased IL-17A of colon at day 37. In addition, the gut bacterial diversity and richness behaved significantly loss regarding CPFX treatment, especially in the High CPFX group during the experiment. Indole exhibited sharply decline in both Low and High CPFX groups at day 7, and the High CPFX mice needed longer time on restoring indole level. Meanwhile, CPFX treatment strongly decreased the concentrations of butyric acid and valeric acid at day 1. Correlation analysis indicated that the linked patterns between the key bacteria (families Bacteroidales_S247, Ruminococcaceae and Desulfovibrionaceae) and metabolites (indole and butyric acid) were disturbed via the CPFX treatment. In conclusion, the High CPFX treatment impaired the gut barrier with the evidence of reduced expression of tight junction proteins, increased apoptosis cells and inflammatory cells, decreased the bacterial diversity and composition, which suggesting a proper antibiotic-dosage use should be carefully considered in disease treatment.     

Relationship between Neurological Deterioration and Blood Pressure/Heart Rate Variability in Patients with Acute Cerebral Infarction

ObjectivesNeurological deterioration (ND) during hospitalization is an independent predictor of poor prognosis after stroke. Risk factors affecting early ND within 48 h post stroke have been intensively investigated, while few data are available on those for late ND after transfer to a wheelchair. Therefore, it was investigated whether hemodynamic factors may affect the late ND during hospitalization.Materials and methodsA retrospective study was conducted on 135 patients with atherothrombotic or cardiogenic cerebral infarction who were admitted to our hospital between April 1st, 2014 and July 31st, 2017. During hospitalization, average, maximum, and minimum values were determined for systolic blood pressure (sBP), diastolic BP (dBP), and heart rate (HR), respectively.135 patients were classified into two groups; ND (+) group, in which modified Barthel index score at the time of transfer to a wheelchair showed five points or more decrease between wheelchair transfer and discharge, and ND (?) group, which did not. Vital indices were compared between the two groups and subjected to ROC-curve analysis.ResultsThe ND (+) group included 32 patients, and the ND (?) 103. Significant differences were found between the groups in four items; sBPmin (p = 0.029), dBPmin (p = 0.019), HRave (p = 0.028), and HRmax (p < 0.01). The ND (+) group showed lower sBPmin and dBPmin, and higher HRave and HRmax than the ND (?) group.ConclusionsLate ND after transfer to a wheelchair is related to the vital indices during hospitalization and should be cautiously managed to prevent late ND     

Skipjack tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis) eyeball oil exerts an anti-inflammatory effect by inhibiting NF-κB and MAPK activation in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells and croton oil-treated mice

The effect of tuna eyeball oil (TEO) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation in macrophage cells was investigated. TEO had no cytotoxicity in cell viability as compared to the control in LPS induced RAW 264.7 cells. TEO reduced the levels of NO and pro-inflammatory cytokines by up to 50% in a dose-dependent manner. The expression of NF-κB and MAPKs as well as iNOS and COX-2 proteins was reduced by TEO, which suggests that its anti-inflammatory activity is related to the suppression of the NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways. The rate of formation of ear edema was reduced compared to that in the control at the highest dose tested. In an acute toxicity test, no mice were killed by TEO doses of up to 5000 mg/kg body weight during the two week observation period. These results suggested that TEO may have a significant effect on inflammatory factors and be a potential anti-inflammatory therapeutic.     

同型半胱氨酸对高血压患者脑卒中复发风险的影响

目的探讨高血压合并脑卒中患者的血浆同型半胱氨酸（Hcy）水平与其他危险因素对于脑卒中复发的影响。 方法分析徐州市中心医院心内科和徐州医科大学附属医院神经外科自2012年5月至2013年12月收治的1623例高血压脑卒中患者的基线资料，中位随访4.9年，根据随访事件中是否发生脑卒中分为复发组（312例）与未复发组（1311例）。Kaplan-Meier生存分析比较不同危险因素脑卒中复发率的差异，单因素与多因素Cox回归模型分析影响脑卒中复发的独立危险因素，以及危险因素之间的交互作用。 结果复发组年龄、空腹血糖、Lg Hcy的水平，以及糖尿病、房颤的患病率均高于未复发组（P<0.05）。Kaplan-Meier生存分析显示，糖尿病、房颤、年龄≥60岁、空腹血糖≥7.0 mmol/L、Hcy≥15 μmol/L的脑卒中复发率明显升高（Log-rank检验，P<0.05）。多因素Cox回归模型分析显示，高龄、Lg Hcy水平升高，以及房颤、糖尿病是脑卒中复发的独立危险因素。Lg Hcy分别与糖尿病、空腹血糖、年龄存在交互作用。 结论血浆Hcy水平升高既是高血压合并脑卒中患者卒中复发的独立危险因素，又通过与糖尿病、高龄、空腹血糖水平升高的交互作用显著增加脑卒中复发风险。     

持续性特发性耳鸣严重程度的相关因素分析

目的 探讨导致持续性特发性耳鸣严重程度的相关因素。 方法 分析870例持续性特发性主观性耳鸣患者的一般资料、病史、听力学结果、耳鸣匹配实验、耳鸣残疾量表、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表和焦虑自评量表,应用多因素Logistic回归分析研究与患者耳鸣严重程度相关的因素。 结果 (1)性别(P<0.001)、年龄(P=0.010)、耳鸣主调声频率(P=0.005)、听力损失(P=0.037)、焦虑程度(P<0.001)、睡眠状况(P<0.001)在THI分级上差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);(2)病程(P=0.053)、侧别(P=0.437)、主调声响度(P=0.120)在THI分级上差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。 结论 女性患者特发性耳鸣的程度较男性更为严重;低频较高频更扰人;焦虑程度和睡眠状况是影响耳鸣严重程度的因素,而病程、侧别、耳鸣主调声响度不是影响患者特发性耳鸣严重程度的因素。     

多巴酚丁胺负荷实验对家猪急性冬眠心肌模型QT离散度影响的实验研究

目的 观察多巴酚丁胺负荷期间QT离散度(QTd)的变化情况,探讨其临床意义.方法 对13只小型中国家猪采用闭胸介入法制备急性冬眠心肌模型(右冠状动脉为靶血管),利用多巴酚丁胺超声负荷实验(DSE,0～40 μg·Kg-1·min-1)检出冬眠心肌,之后成功复灌,处死动物,对心脏行TTC大体染色及光镜检查.分别于模型制备前后、DSE期间及复灌后观察QTd的变化情况.结果 ①10只动物(76.92%)成功制备成模型,病理检查未示心肌坏死改变.②模型制备成功后QTd较正常状态明显增加[(68.75±5.33)ms和(25.00±1.77)ms,P＜0.05];复灌后明显降低[(35.62±3.47)ms和(68.75±5.33)ms,P＜0.05],与正常状态差异无统计学意义[(35.62±3.47)ms和(25.00±1.77)ms,P＞0.05].③DSE期间QTd呈现先降低后增加的双相反应的变化趋势.④模型制备成功后的QTd与DSE检出的急性冬眠心肌节段数呈中等程度的负相关(r=-0.64,P＜0.05).结论 ①.急性冬眠心肌动物模型的QTd明显增加,早期有效复灌可降低QTd.②DSE期间急性冬眠心肌模型的QTd呈现双相反应趋势.③急性冬眠心肌模型的QTd是反映冬眠心肌数量的指标之一.     

兔骨髓间充质干细胞Ⅱ型胶原表达的实验研究

目的探讨兔骨髓间充质干细胞表达Ⅱ型胶原的实验研究方法。方法利用β1转化生长因子腺病毒表达载体（Ad—TGFβ1）转染兔骨髓间充质干细胞（MSCs），观察转染后的Ⅱ型胶原表达。结果细胞转染后Ⅱ型胶原在免疫印记和免疫组化检测下均呈强阳性表达。结论Ad—TGFβI转染兔骨髓MSCs可使其细胞内Ⅱ型胶原表达阳性。     

白内障超声乳化术后角膜地形图和屈光状态的观察

目的　观察白内障超声乳化人工晶状体植入术后 ,患者角膜地形图和屈光状态的变化。方法　对2 0 0 0年～ 2 0 0 1年行白内障超声乳化的 136例 (15 1只眼 )患者术前、术后随访一年的资料进行回顾性分析。结果　术后 1、3、6、12月术眼的球镜、散光、角膜地形图曲率和散光 sim k值统计结果无明显差异 ;术后 1～ 12月视力和屈光状态稳定 (方差分析 P >0 .0 5 )。术后 6月平均视力为 0 .5 9± 0 .2 3,矫正视力为 0 .82± 0 .19,术后 6月 ,球镜为 (-0 .2 4± 0 .88) D,散光为 (- 0 .5 6± 1.0 1) D,在± 1.0 D之内球镜和散光眼分别为 84.0 %和 6 4.0 % ,≥ 0 .5和≥ 0 .8的视力分别为 70 .0 %和 2 8.0 % ,≥ 0 .5和≥ 0 .8的矫正视力分别为 94.0 %和 72 .0 %。≥ 0 .5和≥ 0 .8裸眼视力和矫正视力的平均百分率分别由 6 1.96 %和 2 3.49%提高到配镜矫正后的 92 .35 %和 6 3.0 9%。结论　超声乳化术后角膜形态和屈光状态保持良好的稳定性 ,患者可以达到良好的视力。由于植入的人工晶状体无调节功能和测量误差 ,目前部分患者需要配戴较低度数的眼镜矫正远或近视力 ,达到更好的视觉效果。     

不稳定型骨盆骨折的疗效探讨

目的 探讨不稳定型骨盆骨折(Tile B和Tilec型)的治疗和疗效。方法 比较78例骨盆骨折患者使用和非使用骨盆外固定支架手术疗效。结果 在38例骨盆骨折患者未使用骨盆外固定支架治疗中，失血性休克的纠正率为76％，死亡率10．6％，平均ISS评分11．6。而在使用骨盆外固定支架治疗的40例患者中，失血性休克的纠正率为90％，死亡率为2．5％，平均ISS评分9．87结论 骨盆外固定支架治疗不稳定型骨盆骨折合并失血性休克，手术简单，疗效可靠，大大降低了患者的死亡率。     

氧化应激诱导神经细胞凋亡与c-Myc、Fas-FasL、核因子-κB关系的研究

目的　探讨氧化应激诱导神经细胞凋亡与c -Myc、Fas -FasL、核因子 -κB(NF -κB)蛋白表达的关系。　方法　将分离培养的新生SD大鼠大脑皮质神经细胞分为 :A组 (对照组 )、B组 (缺氧处理 )、C组 (低浓度H2 O2 处理 )、D组 [缺氧 +超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD)处理 ]、E组 (H2 O2 +SOD处理 ) ,利用琼脂糖凝胶电泳、末端脱氧核苷酸介导的X -dUTP缺口末端标记法 (TUNEL)、流式细胞仪测定细胞凋亡 ,免疫组织化学方法 (SP法 )测定细胞c -Myc、Fas -FasL、NF -κB蛋白表达。结果　B组和C组神经细胞凋亡率分别为A组的 6倍和 8倍 (P <0 .0 1) ;A组c -Myc、Fas-FasL、NF -κB阴性表达 ,其余各组均有阳性表达 ;SOD在降低B组和C组细胞c-Myc、Fas-FasL、NF -κB表达强度的同时 ,细胞凋亡率也随之降低。　结论　氧化应激诱导神经细胞凋亡可能与NF -κB的激活 ,启动凋亡相关基因c -Myc、Fas -FasL有关。