科普图册在婴幼儿外阴阴道炎家属健康教育中的应用

目的 探讨科普图册在婴幼儿外阴阴道炎健康教育中的应用效果.方法 针对门诊0～5岁婴幼儿外阴阴道炎患儿的家长,以预防婴幼儿外阴阴道炎的健康教育为主要内容,插入图片设计制作成科普图册并投入使用.将86名0～5岁患儿的家长随机分成观察组和对照组各43名,对照组以发放健康小册加面对面指导,观察组以发放科普图册结合面对面指导的健康教育方式,在发放资料后4～8周进行电话随访.结果 观察组对该疾病的相关知识的知晓率、疾病治愈率和对健康教育方式的满意度高于对照组.结论 以科普图册的方式进行健康教育指导,能取得更满意的效果.

Abstract：

Objective The study aims to assess the health education effects of popular scientific brochure with pictures on infant vulvovaginitis. Methods Parents of female child outpatients aged 0～5 years old with vulvovaginitis of our hospital were selected for health education, mainly about how to prevent vulvovaginitis. Popular scientific brochure with pictures was designed for use. Eighty six parents of female child patients aged 0～5 with vulvovaginitis were randomly divided into the control group and the observation group with 43 people in each group. In the control group, health brochures were issued and face-to-face guidance were carried out. In the observation group, popular scientific brochures with pictures were issued and faceto-face guidance were carried out Phone call investigations were done 4-8 weeks after issuing of education materials. Results Awareness rate, vulvovaginitis cure rate of their female child and satisfaction rate to education method of the observation group were significantly higher than the control group. Conclusions Health education guidance in form of popular scientific brochure with pictures can get more satisfactory effects.     

Growing importance of urogenital candidiasis in individuals with diabetes: A narrative review

Both diabetes and fungal infections contribute significantly to the global disease burden, with increasing trends seen in most developed and developing countries during recent decades. This is reflected in urogenital infections caused by Candida species that are becoming ever more pervasive in diabetic patients, particularly those that present with unsatisfactory glycemic control. In addition, a relatively new group of anti-hyperglycemic drugs, known as sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors, has been linked with an increased risk for colonization of the urogenital region with Candida spp., which can subsequently lead to an infectious process. In this review paper, we have highlighted notable virulence factors of Candida species (with an emphasis on Candida albicans) and shown how the interplay of many pathophysiological factors can give rise to vulvovaginal candidiasis, potentially complicated with recurrences and dire pregnancy outcomes. We have also addressed an increased risk of candiduria and urinary tract infections caused by species of Candida in females and males with diabetes, further highlighting possible complications such as emphysematous cystitis as well as the risk for the development of balanitis and balanoposthitis in (primarily uncircumcised) males. With a steadily increasing global burden of diabetes, urogenital mycotic infections will undoubtedly become more prevalent in the future; hence, there is a need for an evidence-based approach from both clinical and public health perspectives.     

孚康栓联合双唑泰泡腾片治疗念珠菌性外阴阴道炎的疗效观察

目的 :探讨孚康栓联合双唑泰泡腾片治疗初发性念珠菌性外阴阴道炎在第一疗程的疗效及应用价值。方法 :对 86例念珠菌性外阴阴道炎患者随机分为两组各 4 3例 ,治疗组 (孚康栓 +双唑泰泡腾片 )及对照组 (孚康栓 )放入阴道深处。结果 :治疗组的近期疗效及远期治愈率均高于对照组 (P <0 0 5 )。结论 :孚康栓 +双唑泰泡腾片治疗念珠菌性外阴阴道炎治愈率高 ,复发率低 ,副作用小 ,价格低廉 ,易于患者接受     

Anogenital bacteriology in non-abused preschool children: a descriptive study of the aerobic genital flora and the isolation of anogenital Gardnerella vaginalis

The purpose of the study is to describe the genital aerobic bacterial flora including Gardnerella vaginalis in girls and the occurrence of anal G. vaginalis in both genders. From a group of 3773 children, 278 (99 boys and 179 girls) with a mean age of 5.63 y (range: 5.13-6.73) were recruited. Inclusion in the study was based on self-selection, whereby parents who did not suspect any occurrence of sexual abuse of their child gave informed consent to participate. Several mechanisms were undertaken to exclude abused children. At least one bacterial species was isolated from the genitals of 59 (33.9%) girls. Most isolates (39 out of 99) were bacteria representing skin flora (staphylococci and coryneform organisms), with viridans streptococci and related organisms as the second most common group of isolates (31 out of 99). S. anginosus was the single most frequent bacterial species identified (17 isolates). Streptococcus pyogenes was isolated from the genitals of two girls, Streptococcus pneumoniae from one girl and Haemophilus influenzae from eight girls. G. vaginalis was not isolated from the genitals in any girl, but the organism was isolated from the anal canal in three children.

Conclusion: A large number of different aerobic organisms were identified from the genital area. G. vaginalis was rare and only isolated from the anal canal.     

抗真菌药物治疗初发外阴阴道假丝酵母菌病的成本-效果分析

目的 评价四种方案治疗首发外阴阴道假丝酵母菌病的经济成本与效果.方法 160例首发外阴阴道假丝酵母菌患者分为四组,分别予克霉唑阴道片、氟康唑、克霉唑阴道片联合氟康唑和制霉菌素泡腾阴道片治疗,并运用临床经济学的成本-效果分析方法进行评价.结果 A、B、C、D组方案成本分别为167.20元、190.23元、237.43元、216.40元;总有效率分别为90.88%、90.12%、91.67%、67.10%;成本-效果比分别为1.84、2.11、2.59、3.23;B、C、D组相对于A组的增量成本-效果比分别为32.90、87.78、2.07.结论 通过药物经济学的分析,A方案为较佳的治疗方案.     

氟康唑治疗念珠茵性外阴阴道炎120例疗效观察

目的通过观察氟康唑治疗念珠菌性外阴阴道炎的疗效及不良反应，分析研究其疗效与副作用。方法将200例病人随机分为氟康唑组120例及硝酸咪康唑栓对照组80例。两组均在用药1周后观察疗效及出现的毒副作用。结果氟康唑组有效率96．7％，对照组有效率73．3％，有统计学差异（P〈0．01）。结论氟康唑治疗念珠菌性外阴阴道炎的疗效确切，且使用方便、安全、副作用小。     

Ergebnisse bei Vaginalmykosen unter Isoconazolnitrat-Therapie*

Zusammenfassung: Im Rahmen eines offenen klinischen Versuches wurden 50 Patientinnen mit Mturell-mykologisch bestätigten Vaginalmykosen mit einer Einmaltherapie mit Gyno-Pavogen® Vagiualtabletten (à 300 mg Isoconazolnitrat) behandelt. Der Partner wurde mit Gyno-Travogen® Creme mitbehandelt. Eine Woche nach der Behandlung waren von 50 Patientinnen bei 43 (86 %) und nach vier Wochen von 37 Patientinnen bei 33 (89 %) die kulturell-myko-logischen Befunde negativ. Bei der ersten und der vier-wöchigen Kontrolle waren 94% der Patientinnen klinisch erscheinungsfrei. Die subjektiven Beschwerden reduzierten sich dementsprechend. Summary: 50 patients with culture-proven vaginal mycosis were treated with a single dose treatment using Gyno-Travogen® vaginal tablets (300 mg isoconazolnitrat/tabl.). The partners were treated with Gyno-Travogen® cream. One week after treatment 43 (86 %) of 50 patients and after one month 33 (89%) of 37 patients were mycologically cured. At the first control one week after treatment and a second control after four weeks clinical improvement was noted in 94 per cent of the patients. The subjective symptoms had been reduced the same rate.