Family system test (FAST): Are parents' and children's family constructs either different or similar,or both?

Perceptions of family cohesion and hierarchy structures were assessed by theFamily System Test (FAST), a clinically-derived figure placement technique. Parents (N=140) and their preadolescent offspring (N=70) completed typical and conflict representations in individual as well as group settings. Typical representations were characterized by balanced family structures (i.e. cohesive and moderately hierarchical) and those displaying conflict situations showed predominantly unbalanced patterns. FAST portrayals were related to respondent (mother vs. father vs. child). Fathers represented typical family relations as balanced more often than mothers. Regarding conflict representations, children were more likely than fathers to portray the family as unbalanced. However, analyses of representations of the same family (i.e. intra-family comparisons) indicated that all respondents differed in their perceptions and, that fathers' typical portrayals showed most often the same structure as those done by the family members as a group.     

国内外公共卫生领域标准化工作管理体制比较与思考

目的 为了更好地促进我国的卫生健康标准化工作,为建立完善我国卫生健康领域标准化的发展战略、管理体制提供依据。方法 本文收集了公共卫生领域标准化相关国际组织标准管理机制方面的资料,并将收集到的信息进行汇总分析。结果 公共卫生领域的各种标准在各国际组织的管理体制不同,在组织性质、标准种类、应用、发布、组织结构、标准制定原则、优点、转化、宣贯、评估等方面均有较大不同。结论 针对我国卫生健康标准化具体工作,国际标准化相关机构的工作机制提供了许多可供我国借鉴的经验。     

厄洛替尼与培美曲塞治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌疗效的间接比较

目的：根据临床研究文献,采用间接比较的方法综合评价厄洛替尼与培美曲塞治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的临床疗效。方法：计算机检索国内外公开发表的关于厄洛替尼或培美曲塞治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的中英文文献,采RevMan5.0和ITC软件对纳入的研究进行间接比较。结果：共纳入7项吉非替尼vs厄洛替尼和7项吉非替尼 vs培美曲塞的文献进行间接比较。厄洛替尼与培美曲塞治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的有效率和疾病控制率的RR值分别为1.11(P=0.40)、1.12(P=0.69)。结论：厄洛替尼和培美曲塞治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的疗效无显著性差异,但二者的临床有效性尚需要更多高质量的大规模随机对照研究来进行证实。     

规范管理前后护理文件书写缺陷的比较

目的针对护理文件书写存在的缺陷,进行规范管理,从而提高护理文件书写质量。方法规范管理前抽查护理书写病历726份,对缺陷采取的措施有设立护理书写抽查登记本、成立质控小组、制订扣分标准等,规范管理后抽查护理书写病历730份,对缺陷进行对比,并进行统计学分析。结果规范管理后护理文件书写质量明显提高(P<0.01),前后比较差异有显著性。结论加强质控管理是保证护理文书质量的关键。     

A long-term performance evaluation of the gamma-ray activity measurement laboratory in CPST,Lithuania

The quality control procedures used for two HPGe detectors (a well-type and a GAMMA-X coaxial) are described. Since 2001, check sources containing ¹³⁷Cs have been measured weekly for 7200s each, and the gamma-ray spectrometry system background was determined once per month for an acquisition time of 100,000 s. The laboratory participated in the international comparisons at environmental radioactivity level organized by the IAEA, Risø National Laboratory and NPL.     

On tests for equality of predictive values for t diagnostic procedures

This paper concerns comparisons of the efficiency of several diagnostic tests, as characterized by the measures of sensitivity (xi), specificity (eta) and predictive value (rho). We show that hypotheses concerning the equality of predictive values relate only to hypotheses concerning xi and eta and that we can test these by approximate chi 2 statistics. Data for the cases of t = 2 or 3 diagnostic tests illustrate the method.     

Comparing Repeated Measures Means in Factorial Designs

The effects of violating multisample sphericity were investigated for multiple comparison procedures for pairwise contrasts in nonorthogonal split-plot repeated measures designs. Results indicated that rates of Type I error of the multiple comparison procedures are affected not only by assumption violations but also by the type of nonorthogonal solution. Specifically, if one intends to test contrasts of unweighted means, as would be the case when the unequal group sizes are due to random loss, then all multiple comparison procedures investigated, including the previously recommended Bonferroni procedure, are prone to excessive rates of Type I errors. A satisfactory solution to this bias is to obtain additional data in order to achieve equal group sizes and hence an orthogonal design. For tests of contrasts of weighted repeated measures means, which would be of interest when the unequal group sizes are representative of population group sizes, the Bonferroni approach to Type I error control is satisfactory. In most instances, a Bonferroni critical value will provide a more powerful test than a multivariate critical value.     

Unionisation in a Comparative Neural Network Model: A Trade Union Membership Prediction in 12 States

The sociometric and theoretical models traditionally associated with the determinants of unionisation and based on international comparisons, generally use linear analysis of a restricted number of complex variables. The effectiveness of such models often have an unsatisfactory result. In this study a different theoretical and methodological approach has been used. It is based on a integrated scheme made by transposing the principles of the “Squashing Theory” (Buscema, 1994) into the social field, by the connectionist paradigm, and by the Artificial Neural Networks (ANN). This has permitted the carrying out of a larger data base (49 variables, 12 Nations, 12 Years maximum time interval), the adjusting of a model that has an elevated explanatory capacity (in terms of open variance) an ulterior capacity of generalization (in terms of a one-year span) and of metageneralization (in terms of generalization to nonprocessed nations). What emerges is surely the need for more and greater in-depth study of socializing facts which follow such aspects.     

Estimating Simultaneous Confidence Intervals for Multiple Contrasts of Proportions by the Method of Variance Estimates Recovery

Many questions in biomedical research can be addressed effectively with simultaneous confidence intervals for multiple contrasts. While procedures for normal outcome data are readily available, there is still a need for developing practical methods for binary outcomes. In this article, we construct simultaneous confidence intervals for multiple contrasts of binomial proportions using the two-step method of variance estimates recovery (Zou and Donner 2008; Zou 2008; Zou et al. 2009a). First, we obtain confidence limits about single proportions using critical values from the multivariate normal distribution that account for correlations among contrasts. Second, we set confidence limits for these contrasts using variance estimates recovered from the limits. Simulation results show this approach performs well in small to moderate sample sizes when either the Wilson or Jeffreys method is used for constructing confidence limits about a single proportion. We illustrate the procedure with examples.