Long-term follow-up of camouflage effects following resin infiltration of post orthodontic white-spot lesions in vivo

Objectives:To reassess the long-term camouflage effects of resin infiltration (Icon, DMG, Hamburg, Germany) of white spot lesions (WSL) and sound adjacent enamel (SAE) achieved in a previous trial. The null hypothesis was tested that there were no significantly different CIE-L*a*b*-ΔE-values between WSL and SAE areas of assessment after at least 24 months (T24) compared to those at baseline (T0).Materials and Methods:Of twenty subjects who received previous resin infiltration treatment of n_teeth = 111 nonrestored, noncavitated postorthodontic WSL after multibracket treatment during a randomized controlled trial and were contacted 20 months after baseline, eight subjects (trial teeth n_teeth = 40; m/f ratio 1/7; age range (mean; SD) 12–17 [15.25; 2.12] years); response rate: 40%) were available for follow-up after at least 24 months (T24). CIE-L*a*b* differences between summarized color and lightness values (ΔE_WSL/SAE) of WSL and SAE were assessed using a spectrophotometer and compared to baseline data assessed prior to infiltration (T0), and those after 6 (T6), and 12 (T12) months using paired t tests at a significance level of α = 5%.Results:T24 assessments were performed after a mean 33.86 (SD: 8.64; Min: 24; Max: 45) months following T0. Mean (SD) ΔE_WSL/SAE units of available teeth were 8.76 (5.33) at baseline; 5.5 (2.75) at T6; 5.2 (2.41) at T12; and 5.57 (2.6) at T24. Comparisons of T6, T12, and T24 with T0 yielded highly significant differences, whereas T6–T24 and T12–T24 differences were found to be not significant.Conclusions:Assimilation of infiltrated WSL to the color of adjacent enamel by resin infiltration is considered to be suitable for the long-term improvement in the esthetic appearance of postorthodontic WSL.     

食管钡餐连续摄影用于诊断早期食管癌的初步临床应用

目的 :介绍食管钡餐连续摄影用于诊断早期食管癌的初步临床应用。方法 :用德国产的数字化胃肠机检查并诊断了 6例早期食管癌病人。与常规食管双重对比造影类似 ,病人立位口服钡剂 ,同时进行连续摄影 ,速度为 2帧 s,持续约 10s。观察不同的时相 ,包括充盈相、黏膜相和双对比相。结果 :在 6例病人中可见食管功能的改变及黏膜皱襞的病变 ,用连续摄影诊断后经内镜及病理检查确诊。 4例病人有轻度扩张受限 ,2例病人有痉挛性收缩 ,1例有钡剂滞留。 6例病人中均可见增粗的或中断的黏膜。 5例病人可见小溃疡。结论 :食管钡餐连续摄影可提供更全面的信息。用此法更可提供食管功能性的改变。     

试论医院药剂科的法律地位和作用

本文论述了医院药剂科的法律地位和作用,药政部门的执法盲点,提出法律措施是促使医药同步发展的可靠保障。     

伊柔美白霜对家兔皮肤祛斑效果的观察

目的考察伊柔美白霜的祛斑功效。方法在家兔皮肤上涂抹补骨脂酊，待日光照射使皮肤上形成黄褐斑后，涂抹伊柔美白霜。结果涂抹伊柔美白霜20d后，黄褐斑有明显减退。结论伊柔美白霜具有脱色、增白的功效。     

医用耗材采购决策中存在的问题与对策

本文分析了目前医疗机构医用耗材采购中存在的一些问题和造成危害的原因，提出了要解决这些问题，就要建立和完善集中决策机制等对策思路。     

关于引进双源CT的可行性分析

本文就双源CT的市场需求、特点和用途进行了详细分析,为医院引进双源CT提供参考。     

大白鼠点状烫伤——一种评价烧、烫伤药物的动物模型

采用大白鼠点状烫伤的动物模型对“愈烫霜”进行药效学评价,结果表明:大白鼠点烫伤模型适合用于烧、烫伤药物的评价。     

Development and reproducibility of a tool to assess school food-purchasing practices and lifestyle habits of Australian primary school-aged children

Objective: To describe the development and reproducibility of a self‐report instrument, for use with children in years 4–6, to identify sources of food eaten during the day, and type and frequency of food purchases at school. Design: Tool development stages included formulation of content and format, expert review, piloting and a test–retest study. Subjects/setting: The pilot study included school students (n = 20) in years 4 and 5 (seven girls, mean age 9.7 ± 0.7 years) attending an Australian public primary school. The test–retest study was performed in a large metropolitan public primary school (n = 245 children, 52% female, mean age 10.7 ± 0.91 years) including children from years 4 (n = 88), 5 (n = 84) and 6 (n = 73). Statistical analysis: A Kappa statistic was used to assess level of agreement between the two time periods separated by 1 week. The results were analysed using SAS version 8.2 with each question compared at time 1 and 2. Results: The mean kappa was 0.529 using pairings from 17 questions. Values ranged from 0.18 to 0.71 (CI 0.46–0.60). Conclusions and applications: The School Eating Habits and Lifestyle Survey has been developed and pilot‐tested in primary school‐aged children and shown to have moderate stability over time. The results show that each phase of development, particularly those spent in consultation and testing, led to progressive improvement of this instrument. This process improved the quality of information produced and gave insights to self‐report of dietary intake and behaviours among children.