Confounded association between proton pump inhibitor use and risk of biliary tract cancer: Result from three cohorts

Recent epidemiological studies suggested that proton pump inhibitor (PPI) use was associated with an increased risk of biliary tract cancer (BTC), however, confounders were not adequately controlled. Our study aimed to evaluate PPI use and subsequent risk of BTC and its subtypes in three well-established cohorts. We conducted a pooled analysis of the subjects free of cancers in UK Biobank (n = 463 643), Nurses' Health Study (NHS, n = 80 235) and NHS II (n = 95 869). Propensity score weighted Cox models were used to estimate marginal HRs of PPIs use on BTC risk, accounting for potential confounders. We documented 284 BTC cases in UK Biobank (median follow-up: 7.6 years), and 91 cases in NHS and NHS II cohorts (median follow-up: 15.8 years). In UK biobank, PPI users had a 96% higher risk of BTC compared to nonusers in crude model (HR 1.96, 95% CI 1.44-2.66), but the effect was attenuated to null after adjusting for potential confounders (HR 0.95, 95% CI 0.60-1.49). PPI use was not associated with risk of BTC in the pooled analysis of three cohorts (HR 0.93, 95% CI 0.60-1.43). We also observed no associations between PPI use with risk of intrahepatic (HR 1.00, 95% CI 0.49-2.04), extrahepatic bile duct (HR 1.09, 95% CI 0.52-2.27) and gallbladder cancers (HR 0.66, 95% CI 0.26-1.66) in UK Biobank. In summary, regular use of PPIs was not associated with the risk of BTC and its subtypes.     

足趾移植长手指全形再造术的临床应用

目的探讨足趾移植长手指全形再造手术的临床疗效。方法自2015年6月至2019年6月,对16例因外伤致手指缺损患者采用足趾移植长手指全形再造术,术后评估供区及受区的感觉功能、运动功能及外观形态,分析指甲畸形及增生性瘢痕的发生情况,并记录术后发生感染、血肿、皮片坏死及供区愈合不良等情况;通过调查问卷的方式分析患者的满意度。结果所有患者术后获随访1~12个月,其中2例受区发生感染,1例受区皮片边缘发生坏死,经换药后予以缓解;其余患者的供、受区均未出现长时间的痛疼感觉,受区感觉功能恢复达87.50%,受区运动功能恢复均较满意,手指外形基本满意。供区感觉受影响者2例,运动功能受限者1例,外形一般者2例。所有患者无指甲畸形及增生性瘢痕发生;满意者1例,基本满意者14例,不满意者1例。结论采用足趾移植长手指全形再造手术,基本可以满足患者及医师对于缺损手指进行完美修复的目标。     

Mixed Reality Combined with Three‐Dimensional Printing Technology in Total Hip Arthroplasty: An Updated Review with a Preliminary Case Presentation

Three‐dimensional (3D) printing technology, virtual reality, and augmented reality technology have been used to help surgeons to complete complex total hip arthroplasty, while their respective shortcomings limit their further application. With the development of technology, mixed reality (MR) technology has been applied to improve the success rate of complicated hip arthroplasty because of its unique advantages. We presented a case of a 59‐year‐old man with an intertrochanteric fracture in the left femur, who had received a prior left hip fusion. After admission to our hospital, a left total hip arthroplasty was performed on the patient using a combination of MR technology and 3D printing technology. Before surgery, 3D reconstruction of a certain bony landmark exposed in the surgical area was first performed. Then a veneer part was designed according to the bony landmark and connected to a reference registration landmark outside the body through a connecting rod. After that, the series of parts were made into a holistic reference registration instrument using 3D printing technology, and the patient's data for bone and surrounding tissue, along with digital 3D information of the reference registration instrument, were imported into the head‐mounted display (HMD). During the operation, the disinfected reference registration instrument was installed on the selected bony landmark, and then the automatic real‐time registration was realized by HMD through recognizing the registration landmark on the reference registration instrument, whereby the patient's virtual bone and other anatomical structures were quickly and accurately superimposed on the real body of the patient. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report to use MR combined with 3D printing technology in total hip arthroplasty.     

肝内胆管结石行肝叶切除术患者应用循证护理的临床效果

目的探讨对接受肝内胆管结石行肝叶切除术的患者实施循证护理的临床效果。方法选择2014年5月至2015年11月期间在我院接受肝内胆管结石行肝叶切除术进行治疗的68例患者为研究对象,并随机分为对照组和观察组,每组各34例。对照组患者给予常规护理,观察组患者给予循证护理。观察比较两组的并发症发生情况和护理满意度。结果观察组的并发症发生率为5.88%,明显低于对照组的23.53%;患者护理满意度为97.06%,明显高于对照组的82.35%,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论循证护理应用于肝内胆管结石行肝叶切除术患者可降低并发症发生率,提高患者满意度,值得临床推广应用。     

清营汤加减联合寿胎灌肠汤对特发性畸形精子症患者的临床疗效

目的研究清营汤加减联合寿胎灌肠汤对特发性畸形精子症患者的临床疗效。方法 120例患者随机分为对照组和观察组,每组60例,对照组给予左卡尼汀,观察组给予清营汤加减联合寿胎灌肠汤,疗程60 d。检测临床疗效、精子形态学、精子活力、血清免疫功能指标(CD^3+、CD^4+、CD^8+、CD^4+/CD^8+)、精浆免疫功能指标(Ig G、Ig M、Ig A)、VEGF、MMP-3、MMP-9、不良反应发生率变化。结果观察组总有效率高于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,观察组精子形态学较对照组改善(P<0.05),精子活力、CD^3+、CD^4+、CD^4+/CD^8+、精浆免疫功能指标、MMP-3、MMP-9升高(P<0.05),CD^8+、VEGF、不良反应发生率降低(P<0.05)。结论清营汤加减联合寿胎灌肠汤可有效改善特发性畸形精子症患者临床症状,安全性较高。     

完美主义与基督教信仰

目的 考察个体的宗教信仰与完美主义心理之间的关系。方法 采用质的研究方法，对两位受访者（分别为功能障碍型完美主义与健康的完美主义）追行个案研究。结果 两名受访者的基督教（新教）信仰封其完关主义的负面倾向有所矫正，受访者的人际关系和自我认知因为宗教信仰而有所改善。结论 基督教（新教）信仰有利于修正受访者自体表象与权威客体表象的关系。在象征意义上，“上帝”的概念可以理解为“较好的”权威客体表象。     

脉冲微波治疗前列腺炎的临床疗效观察

目的探讨脉冲微波治疗前列腺炎的效果。方法收治前列腺炎病人532例。用南京亿高ECO—100型电脑微波前列腺炎治疗仪,经肛门途径发射脉冲微波,前列腺部位温度控制在41℃~42℃,每次持续45~60min,共七次。以显效、有效为判断疗效标准。结果17~25岁组显效47.93%,有效52.07%,26~45岁组显效52.06%,有效47.94%,两组有效率100%。结论脉冲微波经肛门途径治疗前列腺炎效果明显,有推广价值。     

前路病灶清除植骨内固定术治疗胸腰椎结核

目的探讨在胸、腰椎结核外科治疗中,前路病灶清除植骨内固定术对清除结核病灶,对脊髓神经的减压及重建脊柱稳定性的重要性。方法对2000年10月~2004年6月共收治的胸、腰椎结核患者46例,采用前路病灶清除自体髂骨植骨38例,异体深冻骨植骨并胸、腰椎前路钛钢板内固定8例。结果经过平均18个月的随访,长达1~1.5年的抗结核治疗,44例患者结核治愈,植骨融合时间平均为5.2个月。术前截瘫、不全瘫或伴有神经症状者均有不同程度的恢复;1例内固定松动、异体深冻骨植骨未融合;1例复发,但其异体深冻骨植骨块及内固定位置良好,经继续抗结核治疗6个月后结核治愈。结论前路病灶清除,自体髂骨植骨,钛钢板内固定对胸、腰椎结核疗效肯定,异体深冻骨植骨存在融合慢或不融合的问题。